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Ficoll density centrifugation

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Ficoll density centrifugation is a laboratory technique used to separate different types of cells or particles based on their densities. It involves the use of a Ficoll solution, a synthetic polymer, to create a density gradient. During centrifugation, the different components in the sample will migrate to the layers of the gradient that match their respective densities, allowing for their separation and isolation.

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19 protocols using ficoll density centrifugation

1

Isolation of DLBCL and Healthy B Cells

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Frozen DLBCL patient tumor biopsy samples were obtained according to guidelines approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Cleveland Clinic. DLBCL patients were identified as GCB or ABC based on application of the Hans immunochemistry algorithm to fresh-frozen paraffin-embedded tumor biopsies.31 (link) B cells were purified from PBMCs of healthy individuals using the human B cell isolation kit (Miltenyi Biotec). Tonsils were obtained from healthy individuals undergoing routine tonsillectomies in accordance with ethical recommendations. After mincing, tonsillar mononuclear cells were isolated by Ficoll density centrifugation (GE Healthcare). GC B cells were enriched by magnetic cell separation with anti-CD77, MARM-4 (Abcam) and IgG1 microbeads (Miltenyi Biotec).
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2

Fibroblast Culture and SOCE-deficient PBMC

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Patient and healthy donor (HD) fibroblasts were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% FCS, 1% L-glutamine, 1% HEPES, and 1% Penicillin/Streptomycin (all from Mediatech, Manassas, VA). SOCE-deficient PBMC from P3 and P6 before their first and second HSCT, respectively, and a HD were isolated from whole blood by Ficoll density centrifugation (GE Healthcare, Marlborough, MA) and stimulated with irradiated buffy coat cells, irradiated B cells, PHA (1 μg/ml) and recombinant human IL-2 (50 U/ml) for 10–12 days.
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3

Isolation of NK and T Cells from Human PBMCs

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Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were freshly prepared by Ficoll density centrifugation (GE Health) from blood that was collected from 11 health donors as described previously with some modifications [17 (link),43 (link)]. According to the manufacturer's instructions, NK cells or T cells were then isolated from the PBMCs by EasySepTM Human NK Cell Enrichment Kit (Stem cell Co. Ltd, cat# 1905) or EasySepTM Human T Cell Enrichment Kit (Stem cell Co. Ltd, cat#19,661).
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4

Standardized PBMC Isolation and Cryopreservation

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Complete blood counts including TLC were serially performed by the certified clinical laboratory of the recruiting hospital for each patient. PBMC were isolated from whole blood (Ficoll density centrifugation; GE Healthcare) and cryopreserved using rigorous standardized operating procedures (SOPs) developed and validated by our Experimental Therapeutics Program for all steps of sample procurement, processing, cryopreservation, storage and subsequent thawing. Following our strict SOPs for PBMC isolation and cryopreservation36 (link), the majority of thawed samples had viabilities of over 90%. Any sample with cell viability of less than 70% was excluded from analysis.
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5

Isolation of DLBCL and Healthy B Cells

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Frozen DLBCL patient tumor biopsy samples were obtained according to guidelines approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Cleveland Clinic. DLBCL patients were identified as GCB or ABC based on application of the Hans immunochemistry algorithm to fresh-frozen paraffin-embedded tumor biopsies.31 (link) B cells were purified from PBMCs of healthy individuals using the human B cell isolation kit (Miltenyi Biotec). Tonsils were obtained from healthy individuals undergoing routine tonsillectomies in accordance with ethical recommendations. After mincing, tonsillar mononuclear cells were isolated by Ficoll density centrifugation (GE Healthcare). GC B cells were enriched by magnetic cell separation with anti-CD77, MARM-4 (Abcam) and IgG1 microbeads (Miltenyi Biotec).
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6

Isolation and Culture of CD4+ T Cells

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Mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from peripheral blood by Ficoll density centrifugation (Cat# 45-001-750, GE Healthcare, Piscataway, NJ). CD4 T cells were isolated from PBMCs using the CD4 T cell negative selection kit (Cat# 130-096-533, Miltenyi Biotec, Auburn, CA). The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% FBS (Cat# S11050H, Atlanta Biologicals, Flowery Branch, GA), 100 IU/ml penicillin, and 2 mM L-glutamine (Cat# 25-030-081, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA) and maintained at 37°C in 5% CO2 incubator.
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7

PBMC Isolation and Viability Assessment

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PBMCs were isolated by Ficoll density centrifugation (GE Healthcare, Solingen, Germany) from EDTA blood samples drawn from the dialysis fistula before the dialysis session. The quality of isolated cells was tested by 7-AAD staining Thermo Fisher Scientific, Darmstadt, Germany). The vitality of PBMC was 99.2% ± 1.6 for N and 99.1% ± 0.5 for H patients.
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8

Regulation of T Cell Apoptosis and DNA Damage

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Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from whole blood by Ficoll density centrifugation (GE Healthcare, Piscataway, NJ). CD4+ T cells were isolated from PBMCs using the CD4+ T Cell Negative Selection Kit (Miltenyi Biotec Inc., Auburn, CA). T cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% FBS (Atlanta Biologicals, Flowery Branch, GA), 100 IU/ml penicillin, and 2 mM L-glutamine (Thermo Scientific, Logan, Utah) at 37°C and 5% CO2 atmosphere. Cells were harvested after day 1 or day 4 of culture for the detection of apoptosis and DNA damage. To test the role of ATM activation in repairing DNA damage and apoptosis, 10 μM ATM inhibitor (KU60019, Abcam, Cambridge, MA) or DMSO were added to the cultures at day 1, and the cells were collected after 48 h for measuring apoptosis and DNA damage. To determine the role of the PI3K pathway in ATM activation, purified CD4 T cells were cultured for 48 h in the presence or absence of 20 μM PI3K inhibitor (LY294002, Sigma), followed by flow cytometry or western blot analysis.
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9

Immune Profiling in Parkinson's Disease

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Antecubital venous blood was obtained contemporaneously from neurologically normal controls and participants with PD and used for fresh whole blood analysis and subsequent analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) that were isolated by Ficoll density centrifugation (GE Healthcare) and then cryopreserved. All samples were processed at the University of Pennsylvania, with samples from the Columbia University samples (both NC and PD) overnight shipped to the University of Pennsylvania for next-day analysis and processing, using Credo Box shippers (Pelican BioThermal) that ensure temperature stability during transport. All steps of sample handling, shipping, processing and storage, and whole blood staining and PBMC assays were performed using the identical standard operating procedures (SOPs). Although the fresh whole blood analysis enables assessment of immune cell types that are less amenable to freeze and thaw, the cryopreserved PBMCs were thawed and cultured in batch, with samples selected to ensure age and sex balance between patients with PD and NCs, serving to both limit interassay variability and minimize batch effects.20 (link)
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10

Immune Profiling of COVID-19 Recovered Patients

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The study subjects were composed of two groups: 11 mild to moderate, non-hospitalized COVID-19-recovered patients and 4 control subjects, including 2 healthy subjects (HS) and 2 Influenza (Flu) patients. All COVID-19 patients were diagnosed using a positive PCR nucleic acid test and had recovered at least 2 weeks after the diagnosis. Blood from HS was obtained from BioIVT (Gray, TN) and was free of HBV, HCV, and HIV infections. The healthy control samples and Flu samples were confirmed by a negative serology test. PBMCs were isolated from 30-ml of blood by Ficoll density centrifugation (GE Healthcare; Piscataway, NJ) and stored in liquid nitrogen until used. The characteristics of the COVID-19 subjects are shown in Table 1.

Characteristics of COVID-19 patients.

Table 1
IDAgeGenderSymptom (Self-assessment)Hospitalized (Y/N)Sampling (Day)Past Medical History
P154FMildN74N/A
P254MMildN72N/A
P351FMildN78N/A
P447FModerateN75Asthma
P520FMildN77N/A
P630MModerateN88N/A
P746FModerateN119Cardiomyopathy
P833MMildN24Hypertension, HIV
P942FModerateN29N/A
P1042MModerateN32N/A
P1647MMildN15Hypertension
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