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13 protocols using ab150132

1

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Rat Spinal Cord Injury

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After deep anesthesia, the rats received 200 ml of 0.9% saline followed by 200 ml
of 4% paraformaldehyde. The lumbar enlargement (L4-L6) was harvested and
postfixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 6–8 h, then transferred to a 30% sucrose
solution and stored at 4°C, dehydrated and allowed to sink to the bottom. Twenty
micrometer-thick frozen sections were cut with a freezing microtome and blocked
in 10% donkey serum and 0.4% Triton X-100 in 0.01 m PBS for 2 h. The
sections were divided into six groups and incubated with primary antibodies at
4°C for 24 h. After washing three times with PBS, the sections were incubated
with secondary antibodies for 2 h at room temperature. The primary antibodies
used in the present study were rabbit anti-p-PAK1 (1:1,000, Affinity, AF3424),
mouse anti-NeuN (1:1,000, MAB377, Millipore), goat anti-glial fibrillary acidic
protein (GFAP) (1:500, Abcam, ab53554), goat anti-Iba1 (1:300; Abcam, ab48004),
and rabbit anti-Rac1 (1:200, Affinity, AF4200), Donkey Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L
(Alexa Fluor® 488) (1:500, Abcam, ab150073), Donkey Anti-Goat IgG H&L (Alexa
Fluor® 594) (1:500, Abcam, ab150132), Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (Alexa
Fluor® 594) (1:500, Abcam, ab150108). Details can be found in a previous
work.36 (link) Images were obtained under a confocal laser scanning
fluorescence microscope (Olympus FV1000, Japan).
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2

Cellular Localization of TASK-3 in Breast Cells

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Cellular localization of TASK-3 in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-10F cells was analyzed by immunofluorescence as described previously [16 (link)]. Briefly, cells were seeded on coverslips, fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA)/1× phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for 20 min at room temperature, and permeabilized with 2% bovine serum albumin in 1× PBS containing 0.1% Triton X-100 for 30 min. After incubating in blocking buffer, cells were incubated with anti-TASK-3 antibody (1:100; sc-11317, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA) overnight at 4 °C. Negative controls were treated in the same way, replacing the primary antibody with 1× PBS. Cells were then incubated with an Alexa Fluor 594-conjugated secondary antibody (ab150132; Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA) at 1:1000 dilution, for 1 h at room temperature. Finally, DAPI (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, 0.1 µg/mL for 5 min) was used to stain cell nuclei. Immunofluorescence images were acquired in a fluorescence microscope (Olympus BX53; Center Valley, PA, USA), coupled to a CCD camera. Digital images were acquired using the Q-Capture Pro 7 software (QImagine, Surrey, Canada). Each staining was done in triplicate in 3 independent experiments.
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3

Immunofluorescence Analysis of Macrophage Polarization and Collagen Deposition

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RAW264. 7 or HGF-1 cells seeded in confocal dishes were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde at 4°C for 15 minutes after washed by PBS 3 times for 20 minutes each time. The cells were then permeabilized with 0. 2% Triton X-100 for 10 minutes and blocked with 2% BSA for 2 hours, and each step was followed by twice PBS washes to remove residual reagents. After the above steps were completed, primary antibodies were added to the cells and incubated at 4°C overnight. The primary antibodies were added as follows: Piezo1 antibody and CD68 were co-incubated to localize Piezo1 on macrophages; CCR7 (1:200;NB100-712; Novus Biologicals, USA) and CD206 (1:200; #24595; Cell Signaling Technology, USA) were co-incubated to identify macrophage polarization; COL-I (1:200;NB600-408; Novus Biologicals, USA) or COL-III (1:200; NB600-594; Novus Biologicals, USA) was incubated to indicate the existence of collagen in HGF-1. Afterwards, the cells were incubated with donkey anti-goat secondary antibody IgG H&L Alexa Fluor 594 (1:200; ab150132; Abcam, UK) and the goat anti-rabbit IgG H&L Alexa Fluor 488 for one hour at room temperature in the dark. After washing away the secondary antibodies with PBS, DAPI was used to stain the nuclei for 10 minutes in the absence of light. Finally, the images were acquired by the confocal laser scanning microscope and quantitatively analyzed by Image J software.
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4

Immunohistochemical Labeling of Cholinergic Neurons

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Sections were rinsed for 6 × 5 minutes in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and incubated for 1 hour in a blocking solution comprising of PBS with 0.3% (w) Triton X-100 and 5% (w) donkey serum (Abcam) containing 1% (w/v) bovine serum (Sigma). They were then incubated for 15 hours at 4 °C in blocking solution containing chicken anti-GFP (1:1000, AB13970, Abcam) and goat anti-ChAT (1:500, AB144, Milipore) antibodies. The sections were then rinsed for 6 × 5 minutes in (PBS), then incubated for 2 hours in blocking solution containing goat anti-chicken Alexa Fluor 488 (1:1000, 11039, Life technologies) and donkey anti-goat Alexa Fluor 594 (1:1000, AB150132, Abcam) at room temperature. After 6 × 5 minutes rinse, the sections were mounted in Fluoroshield with DAPI (Sigma). Fluorescence images to verify expression of the eYFP/GFP tag and to visualise ChAT labelled neurons were taken with a Leica microsystems SP8 confocal microscope using a 10× and 20× lens and acquired with Leica Microscope Imaging Software.
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5

Multilineage Pancreatic Cell Marker Immunostaining

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IF staining was performed as previously described25 (link). The following primary antibodies were used: guinea pig anti-insulin and rabbit anti-insulin (ab7842 and ab63820; Abcam, Cambridge, UK), rabbit antiglucagon and sheep antiglucagon (ab92517 and ab36232; Abcam), rabbit anti-GLP1 and mouse anti-GLP1 (ab22625 and ab23472; Abcam), mouse anti-GLP1R (sc390773; Santa Cruz, Dallas, TX, USA), rabbit anti-GLP1R (NBP1-97308; Novus, CO, USA), mouse antisomatostatin (sc-74556; Santa Cruz), goat antipancreatic polypeptide (Ab77192; Abcam), rabbit anti-Ki67 (ARG53222; Arigo, Taiwan, China), rabbit anti-pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX1) (ab47267; Abcam), rabbit anti-NK6 homeobox transcription factor-related locus 1 (NKX6.1) (NBP1-49672SS; Novus), rabbit anti-forkhead box O1A (FoxO1A) (ab39670; Abcam), rabbit anti-octamer-binding transcrition factor-4 (OCT4) (GTX101497; GeneTex, CA, USA), rabbit anti-neurogenin3 (Ngn3) (2325032; Millipore, Boston, MA, USA), and mouse anti-Nestin (GTX630201; GeneTex). Detection was performed using secondary antibodies conjugated to Alexa488 (ab150185 and ab150077; Abcam), Alexa594 (ab150088, ab150132, ab150116 and ab150180; Abcam), or Alexa647 (ab150115; Abcam) fluorescent dye. 4'6'-diamidino-2-phenyl-indole (DAPI) (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) was used for nuclear staining.
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6

Immunofluorescence Localization of GPR30 and LAMP-1

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Samples (COCs or FGCs) were fixed in 4 % paraformaldehyde (Solarbio) for 2 h in room temperature (RT, approximate to 25 °C), permeabilized in PBS containing 0.1% Triton X-100 for 10 min at RT, and were then blocked in PBS containing 3% BSA for 2 h. The fixed and permeabilized samples were incubated with goat GPR30 antibody (Abcam, ab118512) and/or rabbit LAMP-1 antibody (Proteintech, IL, USA, 55273-1) at a dilution of 1:200 in PBS containing 3% FBS overnight at 4 °C. The target proteins were visualized by incubating with secondary antibodies of Alexa Fluor 488-labeled donkey anti-goat (Abcam, 150129), Alexa Fluor 594-labeled donkey anti-goat (Abcam, ab150132), or Alexa Fluor 488-labeled donkey anti rabbit (Life Technologies, # A-21206) at a dilution of 1:300 at RT for 2 h in the dark. After incubation with antibodies, the nuclei of samples were stained with DAPI (10 μg/mL) for 5 min at RT. The samples were washed with PBS three times after each step. After staining, the samples were mounted on slides, and the slides were observed under a confocal scanning laser microscope (Nikon Eclipse Ti, Tokyo, Japan). Images shown are representative of at least three independent experiments.
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7

Detecting Intracellular Myc Expression

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Transduced splenocytes (2 × 106 to 5 × 106) were sorted (live B220+ CD138 GFP+) and fixed in 2% paraformaldehyde for 40 min on ice. After washing, cells were incubated in 0.5% Triton X-100 for 30 min at room temperature for permeabilization. Primary stain with goat anti-Myc Ab (ab9132; Abcam) and secondary stain with donkey anti-goat Alex-594 Ab (ab150132; Abcam) were performed at room temperature for 45 min to 1 h. After staining, cells were imaged using an Olympus FV1200 IX83 Confocal System, with the use of a ×40 objective.
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8

Comprehensive Immunofluorescence and Western Blot Antibody Panel

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The following primary antibodies were used: mouse anti-HA-tag (6E2) (immunocytochemistry [ICC], 1:100; western blot [WB], 1:1,000; #2367, Cell Signaling Technology), mouse anti-V5-tag (ICC, 1:300; WB, 1:1,000; R960-25, Invitrogen), rabbit anti-TOM20 (1:100; sc-11415, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), mouse anti-GAPDH (1:1,000; NB600-502, Novus Biologicals), mouse anti-SSEA-4 (1:100; MAB4304, Millipore), goat anti-NANOG (1:20; AF1997, R&D Systems), rabbit anti-OCT4 (1:200; ab19857, Abcam), mouse anti-αSMA (1:200; M0851, Dako), goat anti-Brachyury (1:20; AF2085, R&D Systems), goat anti-SOX17 (1:200; AF1924, R&D Systems), mouse anti-NESTIN (1:200; MAB5326, Millipore), rabbit anti-TUBB3 (1:1,500; PRB-435P, BioLegend), and mouse anti-MyHC (1:200; MAB4470, R&D Systems). Alexa Fluor 488 (A11055 or A11034, Molecular Probes)-, Alexa Fluor 594 (A11005, Molecular Probes; ab150132, Abcam)-, and Alexa Fluor 647 (ab150075, Abcam)-conjugated secondary antibodies were used for immunofluorescence study.
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9

Myc Expression in Activated B Cells

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Transduced splenocytes (2-5×106) were sorted (live B220+ CD138- GFP+) and fixed in 2% PFA for 40min on ice. After washing, cells were incubated in 0.5% Triton X-100 for 30min at RT for permeablization. Primary stain with goat anti-Myc antibody (ab9132, abcam) and secondary stain with donkey anti-goat Alex-594 antibody (ab150132, abcam) were performed at RT for 45min-1h. After staining, cells were imaged using an Olympus FV1200 IX83 Confocal System, with the use of a 40x objective.
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10

Quantifying GLP-1 Levels in GLUTag Cells

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To analyse GLP-1 content, GLUTag cells (1X10 5 cells/ coverslip) were seeded on Geltrex™ coated glass coverslips and cultured overnight until confluent. After treatment with 6.25µg/ml CPE for 24h in standard culture media, cells were permeabilised and fixed by addition of 500µl of ice-cold methanol for 5mins at -20 o C. Non-specific binding was blocked with normal horse serum for 1h at room temperature and cells were then incubated with primary anti-GLP-1 antibody (1:200 dilution in PBS containing 2%BSA) (Goat pAb to GLP-1, SC-26637, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), overnight at 4 o C. Alexa Fluor 594 conjugated donkey anti-goat IgG secondary antibody (1:500 dilution in PBS) (abcam, ab150132) was added to cells and incubated at 37 o C for 1h. Mounting media containing DAPI (Abcam, ab104139) was used to stain the nuclei. Cells were visualised and images captured using an EVOS ® FL fluorescence microscope. Random images were taken from each coverslip and average intensity of 60 cells/coverslip was measured using ZEN lite software. Data was plotted as mean pixel intensity per 1000 pixel 2 .
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