Fluphenazine

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United States

Fluphenazine is a type of laboratory equipment used for various analytical and research applications. It is a chemical compound that serves as a key component in specialized equipment and instrumentation. The core function of Fluphenazine is to facilitate specific analytical procedures and experimental setups within controlled laboratory environments.

Automatically generated - may contain errors

Lab products found in correlation

Spelling variants of this product

Fluphenazine dihydrochloride (3 citations) Fluphenazine (FP; (2 citations)

18 protocols using fluphenazine

Radioligand binding assay for dopamine receptors

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

[³H]Methylspiperone (85.5 Ci/mmol), [³H]SCH23390 (73.1 Ci/mmol), [³H]cAMP (25 Ci/mmol) and [³⁵S]GTPγS (1250 Ci/mmol) were purchased from PerkinElmer (Boston, MA). Tetracycline, hygromycin, blasticidin, DA, (+)-butaclamol, fluphenazine, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), GDP, GTPγS, cAMP, isobutylmethylxanthine and ascorbic acid were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). G418 was obtained from Gemini Bio-Products (West Sacramento, CA), while cell culture reagents were obtained from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA). (−)-L-SPD was generously provided by Dr. David Y.W. Lee from the Bio-Organic and Natural Products Laboratory at McLean Hospital (Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA).

Hicks C., Huang P., Ramos L., Nayak S.U., Caro Y., Reitz A.B., Smith G.R., Lee D.Y., Rawls S.M, & Liu-Chen L.Y. (2018). Dopamine D1-like receptor agonist and D2-like receptor antagonist (−)-Stepholidine reduces reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior for 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) in rats. ACS chemical neuroscience, 9(6), 1327-1337.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 Protocol

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

Stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 (GEPPPGKPADDAGLV, molecular weight 1419; Diagen, Slovenia), a partial sequence of the human gastric juice protein BPC, which is freely soluble in water at pH 7.0 and in saline, was prepared as a peptide with 99% high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) purity, with 1-des-Gly peptide being the main impurity [1 (link),2 (link),3 (link),4 (link),5 (link),6 (link),7 (link),8 (link),9 (link),10 (link)]. Haloperidol, fluphenazine, clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, aripiprazole, domperidone, and amphetamine were commercially purchased (Sigma, Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA).

Strbe S., Smoday I.M., Krezic I., Kalogjera L., Vukovic V., Zizek H., Gojkovic S., Vranes H., Barisic I., Sikiric S., Tepes M., Oroz K., Brkic F., Drinkovic M., Beketic Oreskovic L., Popic J., Boban Blagaic A., Skrtic A., Staresinic M., Seiwerth S, & Sikiric P. (2023). Innate Vascular Failure by Application of Neuroleptics, Amphetamine, and Domperidone Rapidly Induced Severe Occlusion/Occlusion-like Syndromes in Rats and Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as Therapy. Pharmaceuticals, 16(6), 788.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Chemically Manipulating Cellular Processes

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

W7, tetraethylammonium (TEA), dynasore, 1-(5-iodonaphthalene-1-sulfonyl)-1H-hexahydro-1,4-diazepine hydrochloride (ML-7), picrotoxin (PTX), Gallein, and fluphenazine came from Sigma-Aldrich. Bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetra-acetic acid-acetoxymethyl ester (BAPTA-AM), tetrodotoxin (TTX), GTPγS, and sometimes W7, came from Tocris Bioscience. Calmidazolium, dantrolene, ryanodine, and pertussis toxin A protomer came from Enzo Life Sciences. CALP1 (sequence, VAITVLVK) and BSA came from Fisher Scientific. N-[2-[[[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-propenyl]methylamino]methyl]phenyl]-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methoxybenzenesulphonamide (KN-93) came from EMD Biosciences. All chemicals were aliquoted in either distilled H₂O or DMSO and frozen until use.

Gray M, & Golowasch J. (2016). Voltage Dependence of a Neuromodulator-Activated Ionic Current. eNeuro, 3(2), ENEURO.0038-16.2016.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Radioligand Binding Assays for Dopamine Receptors

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

[³H]Methyl spiperone (85.5 Ci/mmol), [³H]SCH23390 (73.1 Ci/mmol), and [³⁵S]GTPγS (1250 Ci/mmol) were purchased from PerkinElmer (Boston, MA). Tetracycline, hygromycin, blasticidin, dopamine (DA), (+) butaclamol, fluphenazine, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), GDP, GTPγS, and ascorbic acid were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). G418 was obtained from Gemini Bio-Products (West Sacramento, CA); cell culture reagents were obtained from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA); and protease inhibitor cocktail, phosphatase inhibitor cocktail, and lysis buffer were obtained from Thermo Scientific (Rockford, IL). All test molecules (Table 1) were either synthesized in-house as described below or purchased from vendors. Asinex Corp. (Winston-Salem, NC): SK603, SK609, SK610, SK611; Enamine, Ltd. (Kiev, Ukraine): Compounds described in Lichtenberger patent²⁸ L1 and L2; Asiba Pharmatech, Inc. (Milltown, NJ): R- and S-enantiomers of SK609. DA and D2R/D3R agonists PD128907 and pramipexole were purchased from Tocris Bioscience (Bio-Techne, Inc., CA).

Xu W., Wang X., Tocker A.M., Huang P., Reith M.E., Liu-Chen L.Y., Smith AB I.I.I, & Kortagere S. (2016). Functional Characterization of a Novel Series of Biased Signaling Dopamine D3 Receptor Agonists. ACS chemical neuroscience, 8(3), 486-500.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Multimodal Regulation of EGF Signaling

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

EGF, genistein, genistin, fluphenazine, concanamycin A (ConA), bisindolylmaleimide (BIM) I, U73122, brefeldin A (BFA), and thapsigargin were from Sigma-Aldrich. SU6656, W7, W5, and AKT1 inhibitor VIII were from Calbiochem. Lapatinib was from LC Laboratories, ¹²⁵I-EGF from Perkin Elmer, bafilomycin A1 (BafA1) from Enzo Life Sciences, Torin1 from Tocris Bioscience, Dyngo-4a was from Abcam Biochemicals, and H₂³⁵SO₄ was purchased from Hartmann Analytics. All other chemicals were from Sigma-Aldrich or Merck unless otherwise stated. The environment-sensitive probe NR12S was a kind gift from Prof. A. Klymchenko (University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France).

Torgersen M.L., Klokk T.I., Kavaliauskiene S., Klose C., Simons K., Skotland T, & Sandvig K. (2016). The anti-tumor drug 2-hydroxyoleic acid (Minerval) stimulates signaling and retrograde transport. Oncotarget, 7(52), 86871-86888.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

High-throughput Screening of Compound Library

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

The 727-compound NCC was purchased from Evotec (Hamburg, Germany) as 10-mM solutions in DMSO. The pig skeletal muscle (longissimus dorsi) was processed and purchased from Pel-Freez Biologicals (AR, USA). Fluorophores Alexa Fluor 488 C5-maleimide (AF488) and Alexa Fluor 568 C5-maleimide (AF568) were purchased from Life Technologies (OR, USA). Individual NCC compounds of interest (hits) were purchased separately, as following: disulfiram and ebselen from Fisher Scientific; chloroxine, diazoxide and fluphenazine from Sigma-Aldrich; cefatrizine propylene glycol (PG), and cefixime trihydrate and tacrolimus from Sequoia Research Products Ltd (Pangbourne, UK); and pravastatin and lofepramine from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (CA, USA).

Rebbeck R.T., Essawy M.M., Nitu F.R., Grant B.D., Gillispie G.D., Thomas D.D., Bers D.M, & Cornea R.L. (2016). High-Throughput Screens to Discover Small-Molecule Modulators of Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channels. SLAS discovery, 22(2), 176-186.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Reagents and Antibodies Used in Study

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

The reagents used in this study were purchased from the following sources: 2-deoxy-D-glucose, fluconazole (FLC), rhodamine 6G (R6G), fluphenazine, β-mercaptoethanol (BME), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), cholesterol, and BSTFA–TMCS (n,O-bis(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide/trimethylchlorosilane) (Sigma-Aldrich, Poznań, Poland). The following commercial antibodies were also used: a mouse monoclonal anti-GFP (Roche; distributor: Sigma-Aldrich, Poznań, Poland) and HRP-conjugated rabbit anti-mouse (GE Healthcare; distributor: Sigma-Aldrich, Poznań, Poland). D-glucose, bacteriological agar, zymolyase, D-sorbitol, brefeldin A (Bioshop; distributor: Lab Empire, Rzeszów, Poland), peptone, yeast extract (YE) (BD; distributor: Diag-Med, Warszawa, Poland), chloroform (CHCl₃), methanol (MetOH), lactate (Chempur, Piekary Śląskie, Poland), FM 4-64 dye (Thermo Fisher, Warszawa, Poland). All reagents were analytical-grade compounds.

Suchodolski J., Muraszko J., Bernat P, & Krasowska A. (2021). Lactate Like Fluconazole Reduces Ergosterol Content in the Plasma Membrane and Synergistically Kills Candida albicans. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(10), 5219.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Comprehensive Pharmacological Library Acquisition

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

Acepromazine (A7111), Amoxapine (A129), Clozapine (C6305), Flupenthixol (F114), Fluspirilene (F100), Haloperidol (H1512), Loxapine (L106), Molindone (M1818), Ondansetron (O3639), Pimozide (P1793), Reserpine (R0875), Spiperone (S7395), Triflupromazine (T2896), Prochlorperazine (P9178), Trifluoperazine (T8516), Thioridazine (T9025), TMZ (T2577), Chlorpromazine (C8138) and Fluphenazine (F4765) were purchased from Sigma. Perphenazine (125), Thiostrepton (522), Thioguanosine (347), Parthenolide (550) and Bepridil (368) were purchased from Prestwick. Promazine (46674) and Promethazine (46682) were purchased from Fluka.

Cheng H.W., Liang Y.H., Kuo Y.L., Chuu C.P., Lin C.Y., Lee M.H., Wu A.T., Yeh C.T., Chen E.I., Whang-Peng J., Su C.L, & Huang C.Y. (2015). Identification of thioridazine, an antipsychotic drug, as an antiglioblastoma and anticancer stem cell agent using public gene expression data. Cell Death & Disease, 6(5), e1753-.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Spheroid Compound Screening under Hypoxia

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

After 4 days of spheroid growth, 20 μl culture medium containing 80 nl compounds (ENZO Screen-Well ICCB Known Bioactives library, Enzo Life Sciences, Farmingdale, NY, USA (468 compounds), final compound dilution of 0.1–20 μM, depending on original stock concentration) were added and incubated for additional 3 days either at normal culture conditions (21% O₂, 37 °C, 5% CO₂) or in a hypoxic chamber (<1% O₂, 37 °C, 5% CO₂). A 0.2% DMSO solution was used as solvent control and Staurosporine (Sigma-Aldrich) as general toxic control (10 μM).
Screening hits and further tool compounds, including Staurosporine, Antimycin A, 2-DG, Fluphenazine, Chlorpromazine, Thioridazine, Clozapine, Bafilomycin A, Siramesine, N-Palmitoyl-D-sphingomyelin, SM (from bovine brain), Ceramide (from bovine spinal cord) and 2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (18:1 (Δ9-Cis) PC), were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. 1-Stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocolin (18:0–20:4 PC) and 1-stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocolin (18:0–22:6 PC) were purchased from Avanti Lipids (Alabaster, AL, USA). All compounds, except for SM and PCs, were dissolved in DMSO (10 mM) and stored at −20 °C. SM and PCs were dissolved in ethanol. Hypoxia mimicking agent DFO (Sigma-Aldrich) was used at a final concentration of 1 mM (2D growth assays for 16–24 h).

Klutzny S., Lesche R., Keck M., Kaulfuss S., Schlicker A., Christian S., Sperl C., Neuhaus R., Mowat J., Steckel M., Riefke B., Prechtl S., Parczyk K, & Steigemann P. (2017). Functional inhibition of acid sphingomyelinase by Fluphenazine triggers hypoxia-specific tumor cell death. Cell Death & Disease, 8(3), e2709-.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Breast Cancer Cell Line Treatment

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

Human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231-Luc [36 (link)] and Hs578T were maintained in DMEM with 10% FBS supplemented with ZellShield (Minerva). Cells were treated with Thioridazine (Sigma), Fluphenazine (Sigma), Trifluoperazine (Sigma), R428 (Apexbio) and paclitaxel (Sigma) at the indicated concentrations and time. Phenothiazines were resuspended in water and R428 and paclitaxel in DMSO. For experiments including siRNA, cells were transfected with a control siRNA or an ON-TARGET Smart Pool siRNA specific to AXL (Dharmacon) using Lipofectamine 2000 (Thermo Fisher Scientific).

Goyette M.A., Cusseddu R., Elkholi I., Abu-Thuraia A., El-Hachem N., Haibe-Kains B., Gratton J.P, & Côté J.F. (2019). AXL knockdown gene signature reveals a drug repurposing opportunity for a class of antipsychotics to reduce growth and metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer. Oncotarget, 10(21), 2055-2067.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

About PubCompare

Our mission is to provide scientists with the largest repository of trustworthy protocols and intelligent analytical tools, thereby offering them extensive information to design robust protocols aimed at minimizing the risk of failures.

We believe that the most crucial aspect is to grant scientists access to a wide range of reliable sources and new useful tools that surpass human capabilities.

However, we trust in allowing scientists to determine how to construct their own protocols based on this information, as they are the experts in their field.

Ready to get started?

Revolutionizing how scientists
search and build protocols!