Dimethyl sulphoxide dmso

Lunasin was prepared by using recombinant DNA technology as previously described [48 ], and dissolved in saline. Minimum essential medium (MEM) and Opti-MEM as well as FBS were purchased from Gibco (Grand Island, NY, USA). Lipofectamine 3000 reagent was obtained from Invitrogen (California, Carlsbad, USA). Antibodies against PCSK9 and LDLR were obtained from abcam (Cambridge, UK). Anti-GAPDH and Anti-β-actin were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA). LY294002, an effective PI3K/Akt pathway chemical inhibitor, was purchased from TargetMol (Boston, MA, USA). LDL labeled with 1, 1′-dioctadecyl – 3, 3, 3′, 3′-tetramethyl- indocarbocyanine perchlorate (Dil-LDL), which is highly fluorescent lipophilic dyes that diffuse into the hydrophobic portion of the LDL complex without affecting the LDL-specific binding of the apoprotein. Dil-LDL was obtained from Yiyuan Biotechnologies (Guangzhou, China). Dimethyl Sulphoxide (DMSO) and other chemicals were purchased from Amresco (Solon, OH, USA). Total cholesterol (CHO) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) assay kits were obtained from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, China).

5-Carboxy-fluorescein diacetate N-succinimidyl ester (CFSE) was purchased from Santa Cruz (sc-214315, Santa Cruz, CA, USA). 2,7-Dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) and (4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) were purchased from Sigma (D6883 and M2128, respectively, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). RiboEx solution (301-001, GeneAll), cDNA Synthesis Kit (K1621, Thermo Fisher Scientific, CA, USA), and Ficoll with a density of 1.078 g/ml were bought from G.E. Healthcare (17-5442-02, G.E. Healthcare, Chicago, IL, USA). PE-conjugated ICAM-1 and PE-isotype control were from eBiosciences (12-0549-42 and 12-4714-42, respectively, eBioscience, Thermo Fisher Scientific, CA, USA). Trypsin, penicillin, and streptomycin (P/S), foetal bovine serum (FBS), and DMEM high-glucose medium were purchased all from GIBCO (Grand Island, NY, USA). Dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) was purchased from Amresco (Solon, OH, USA).