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Sls201

Manufactured by Thorlabs
Sourced in United States

The SLS201 is a solid-state laser designed for industrial and laboratory applications. It operates at a wavelength of 532 nm and provides a continuous wave output power of up to 200 mW. The laser features a compact, air-cooled design.

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8 protocols using sls201

1

Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy of Skin

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The setup used in this work allowed SR DRS measurement in the 400- to 1100-nm wavelength range using optical fibers with a core diameter of 550  μm . The photo of the experimental setup is presented in Fig. 2(a), while the photo and scheme of the DRS probe are presented in Figs. 2(b) and 2(c). The distance between the fibers was varied using a linear translation stage with a resonant piezoelectric motor (ELL17/M Stage, Thorlabs, United States) in the range from 0 to 10 mm with a 0.5-mm step and positioning accuracy of 50  μm . Detection was performed with a Maya2000Pro spectrometer (Ocean Optics, United States), and the SLS201 (Thorlabs, United States) was used as the light source. The effective optical density (OD) spectrum was calculated as follows: OD(λ)=ln(I(λ)Ibg(λ)Iref(λ)Ibg(λ)), where I(λ) is the signal intensity of the sample, Ibg(λ) is the background signal, and Iref(λ) is the signal intensity from the reference sample (LabSphere, United States). Representative DRS spectra measured at different distances between the source and detector fibers are shown in Fig. 2(d). The optical fibers were located perpendicular to the skin surface in all experiments.
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2

Optical Characterization of Butterfly Wings

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Specular transmission and scattering spectra of the C. faunus wings were measured using a custom-built optical goniometric setup. A stabilized Tungsten-Halogen light source (SLS201, ThorLabs, USA) was collimated to form a 500 µm wide parallel incident beam that illuminates the sample at a fixed angle. The specular transmission and forward scattered light was detected at fixed and different angles, respectively, with an angular resolution of 2° and coupled into an optical fibre connected to the spectrometer (Flame, Ocean Optics, USA). All measurements were recorded with an unpolarized light.
The diffuse transmittance measurements were performed using a commercial Cary 5000 Vis/NIR with integrating sphere. All measurements were recorded with unpolarised light. The samples were placed in the middle of the integrating sphere using a vice-type centre-mount and the sample holder was rotated around the vertical axis for angle-resolved measurements. Transmission measurements were normalised to that of the uncovered area of the underlying glass slide.
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3

Simultaneous Absorbance and Fluorescence Measurement

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Absorbance and fluorescence of the filtered NC aliquots were simultaneously recorded on a homebuilt spectrometer (Supplementary Figure 1) using the same cuvette and sample described above. To measure absorbance, light from a tungsten-halogen lamp (Thorlabs, SLS201) was directed into the sample using a fiber optic cable (Thorlabs, M28L01) and the resulting transmission collected using a second fiber. A 405 nm laser (Thorlabs, CPS405) was used as the fluorescence excitation source. Emitted light was collected using a fiber optic cable (Thorlabs, M95L01) directed to the spot upon which the laser was incident on the cuvette and angled to avoid the specular reflection of the excitation source. Absorbance and fluorescence spectra were recorded using an Ocean Optics Flame-T-VIS-NIR and Flame-T-UV-VIS spectrometer, respectively. The spectrometers were operated using a homebuilt Python software package. Absorbance and fluorescence were recorded immediately before and after collecting SSTA measurements of each aliquot to make sure the spectra did not change significantly during the measurement. The pairs of spectra were then averaged together for analysis.
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4

Photonic Crystal Transmission and Reflection Spectroscopy

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Transmission measurements were performed on a home-built microscope. The light source (Thorlabs SLS201) was collimated and sent through the sample normal to the periodicity plane of the PCs. The transmitted light was then collected with a 40×, 0.75 NA, 0.66 mm working distance Nikon flat-field corrected fluorite objective and sent to an Andor Shamrock SR303i spectrometer coupled to an Andor Newton CCD camera. The total integrated collection area was approximately 100 × 100 µm2. Light transmitted by an unstructured, equally thick WS2 film on fused silica was used as a reference to which the PC transmission spectrum was normalized. In this way, the residual contributions to reflection and absorption of the WS2 are eliminated and any residual signal is due to photonic resonances. We define the ratio between the light transmitted by the PC ( IPC ) and that transmitted by the unstructured thin film ( I0 ) to be the transmission of the PC (TPC).
Spectral reflectance measurements were performed on a Shimadzu SolidSpec-3700 UV/Vis/NIR spectrometer using an integrating sphere. The baseline for the reflectance measurement was collected with a silver mirror (ThorLabs PF10-03-P-01). All measurements used an aperture with a 6 mm spot size.
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5

Steady-state Optical Properties of ML-MoTe2

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Steady-state optical properties of ML-MoTe2 are characterized in a home-build micro-PL system at a cryogenic temperature of 4 K. A 632.8 nm continuous-wave HeNe laser or tunable diode laser (980–1060 nm, Toptica DL 100) was used as the pumping source for PL measurement. A combination of several sharp-edge long-pass filters was used for near-resonant excitation. For CW-reflectance measurements, a stabilized tungsten halogen lamp (Thorlabs SLS201) was used as the broadband source. The laser or white light excites the sample through a 100x NIR-optimized objective with NA = 0.7. The reflected signal was collected by the same objective and delivered to a spectrometer (Princeton Instruments Acton 2560i) equipped with LN-cooled InGaAs CCD for detection. The spot size of the pump laser was estimated to be ~3 µm in diameter using the knife-edge method. Electrical gating was conducted by using a commercial source meter (Keysight 2902A) or a semiconductor parameter analyzer (Keysight B1500A).
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6

Photoluminescence Measurement Protocol

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For PL measurement, a 514-nm Ar ion laser was used to excite each sample at the same power (80 µW), with light collected by a 50× objective lens, passed through a 550-nm long-pass filter, and analyzed by a spectrometer and Si charge-coupled device. PL QY and EL data for this study were collected using a homebuilt optical system (18 (link)). Briefly, PL QY measurements were calibrated using a ThorLabs SLS201 calibration lamp reflected off a Lambertian surface under the objective, followed with the measurement of system response by collection of the diffusely reflected excitation beam by the system spectrometer and cross-calibration with the lamp.
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7

Optical Characterization of Butterfly Wings

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Specular transmission and scattering spectra of the C. faunus wings were measured using a custom-built optical goniometric setup. A stabilized Tungsten-Halogen light source (SLS201, ThorLabs, USA) was collimated to form a 500 µm wide parallel incident beam that illuminates the sample at a fixed angle. The specular transmission and forward scattered light was detected at fixed and different angles, respectively, with an angular resolution of 2° and coupled into an optical fibre connected to the spectrometer (Flame, Ocean Optics, USA). All measurements were recorded with an unpolarized light.
The diffuse transmittance measurements were performed using a commercial Cary 5000 Vis/NIR with integrating sphere. All measurements were recorded with unpolarised light. The samples were placed in the middle of the integrating sphere using a vice-type centre-mount and the sample holder was rotated around the vertical axis for angle-resolved measurements. Transmission measurements were normalised to that of the uncovered area of the underlying glass slide.
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8

Fabrication of 1D Photonic Crystal

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BK7 glass was cleaned with piranha solution (H2SO4:H2O2 = 3:1 v/v) at 180 °C for 10 min, followed by sonication for 5 min in acetone and isopropanol (IPA), respectively. Caution. Piranha solution is extremely corrosive, exothermic, and potentially explosive. Therefore, it needs to be handled carefully under consideration of safety. The substrate was then triplerinsed with deionized (DI) water and blow dried with nitrogen gas. The TiO2 layer was deposited on the substrate via a Magnetron sputterer (Denton Explorer-14). SiO2 and Si defect layers were deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD, Oxford Plasmalab 100). The thickness and the RI with extinction coefficient of each layer were measured by an ellipsometer (Woollam VASE) after each deposition process. In addition, the thickness and uniformity of each layer were observed by environmental scanning electron microscopy (FEI Quanta 600 ESEM). The reflection spectra of the fabricated 1D PhC were measured in Kretschmann configuration. The 1D PhC was attached to a BK7 prism via RI matching gel (Fiber Instrument Sales). White light (Thorlabs; SLS201) was used with a collimator (Thorlabs; RC02FC-P01) and was s-polarized by a polarizer (Melles Griot). The reflected light was detected by spectrometers (Ocean Optics USB4000 and Acton SpectraPro 2300i connected with Andor iXon Ultra 888 EMCCD).
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