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5 protocols using pflag cmv 1

1

Characterization of DGCR2 in Neuronal Cells

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Chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich unless otherwise indicated. Information of primary antibodies is as follows: mouse anti-FLAG (Sigma, F1804, 1:5000 for WB), mouse anti-GFP (Santa Cruz, sc-9996, 1:1000 for WB), mouse anti-GFP (Invitrogen, A-11,120, 1:1000 for staining), mouse anti-PSD95 (Millipore, MAB1598, 1:1000 for WB and 1:500 for staining), mouse anti-synaptophysin (Dako, M7315, 1:5000 for WB), rabbit anti-β-actin (Santa Cruz, sc-1616-R, 1:1000 for WB), mouse anti-Tau-1 antibody (Millipore, MAB3420, 1:500 for staining), mouse anti-MAP2 antibody (Millipore, MAB3418, 1:500 for staining), DGCR2 antibody was generated against hDGCR2-ICD in rabbit (1:1000 for WB and 1:200 for staining).
To generate FLAG-hDGCR2, the human DGCR2 cDNA encoding 22–550 amino acids of DGCR2 without signal peptide was amplified by PCR and subcloned into pFLAG-CMV1 (Sigma, E7273) downstream of an artificial signal peptide sequence and a FLAG epitope. Different cDNAs encoding ΔECD and ΔICD of DGCR2 were amplified with primers 5’- GAAGATCTGATGCGCCTGGTCGTC-3’ and 5’- ACGCGTCGACCTACACCACAGTATTG-3’, 5’-GAAGATCTGCGGCCAGAGCTG-3’ and 5’- ACGCGTCGACCTACCGGTGGACCATGAAG-3’, and subcloned into pFLAG-CMV1 separately. NRXNs and NLGNs constructs were obtained as described previously [48 (link)]. The authenticity of all constructs was verified by DNA sequencing and western blotting analysis.
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2

Plasmid Construction for Bacterial and Mammalian Expression

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We generated plasmids encoding various truncated mutants of UCP, pVHL and wild-type UbcH5c for expression in bacterial cells or mammalian cells [9 (link)]. For bacterial expression, plasmids were constructed by ligating PCR products into pET28a (Novagen, WI, USA) and pGEX-4T-1 (GE Healthcare Life Sciences, WI, USA), and for mammalian expression, pFlag-CMV1 (Sigma-Aldrich, MO, USA), pEBG and pcDNA3-HA (Invitrogen, CA, USA) were used. Mutants of UCP and VHL were generated based on the wild-type genes using a PCR method [16 (link)].
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3

Cloning and Mutating SPRTN cDNA

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The I.M.A.G.E. full-length SPRTN cDNA clone (IRATp970E1156D, ImaGenes) was cloned into pFlag–CMV-1 (Sigma), peGFP-C1 (Clontech) or pcDNA3.1 (Invitrogen). Mutants were cloned using PCR amplification and restriction enzyme digestion and recombination. Site-directed mutagenesis was performed by PCR to introduce the desired mutations. The correctness of the DNA sequence was verified by sequencing.
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4

Recombinant Protein Expression in E. coli

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For recombinant protein expression in E. coli, the DNA fragments encoding desired proteins were cloned into a modified pET32M (Novagen) or pGEX-4T-1 (GE Healthcare) vector, which encodes a Trx-6×His or glutathione-S-transferase (GST) tag followed by an HRV 3C protease cutting sequence before the multiple cloning sites. We also constructed a modified pET32M vector in which the Trx-6×His tag is replaced by a maltose-binding protein (MBP)-6×His tag to produce MBP fusion protein. All the point mutations in constructs were introduced by standard PCR protocol. For overexpression in HEK293T cells, the coding sequences for full-length HOIL-1L, HOIP, and SHARPIN were inserted into pFLAG-CMV-1 (Sigma), resulting in a fusion protein with an N-terminal FLAG tag. The IpaH1.4 wild type or mutants were cloned into a modified version of pFLAG-CMV-1, in which a FLAG-mCherry tag was fused to the N terminus of IpaH1.4 or IpaH2.5. All point mutations were introduced by standard PCR methods and verified by DNA sequencing.
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5

Molecular Cloning of Neuroligin Variants

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The coding sequences of mouse NLGN2, NLGN3, and NLGN4 were amplified by RT-PCR using total RNA prepared from the forebrains of mice at postnatal day (P) 11 with primer sets, Nlgn2-Cla-S/ Nlgn2-Sal-A, Nlgn3-ERI-S2/Nlgn3-Sal-A, and Nlgn4-ERI-S/Nlgn4-RV-A, respectively, and cloned into pFLAG-CMV-1 (Sigma) to yield N-terminally FLAG-tagged expression vectors. The FLAG-NLGN1 expression vector was previously described20 (link). The coding sequences of ECDs of mouse PTPδ and NLGN splice variants were cloned into pEB6-Igκ-Fc49 (link) to yield expression vectors for Fc fusion proteins. Expression vectors for the mutated forms of NLGN3 were generated by PCR-based mutagenesis using the FLAG-, Fc- or hexahistidine (His6)-tagged NLGN3A (see “Crystallization”) as templates. The coding sequences of ECD of mouse MDGA1, myc epitope, and His6 were cloned into pEBMulti-Neo (Wako chemicals) to yield expression vector for myc-His-tagged MDGA1-ECD. Other expression vectors were previously reported20 (link),21 (link),50 (link). Primer sequences used in this study are presented in Supplementary Table 3.
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