Dried ginseng, RG, and HTHP-RG powder (1 g each) were extracted using 20 mL of 80% methanol at 80°C for 1 h. The samples were re-extracted by the same method and then filtered with an 8 μm filter paper (Whatman) for vacuum concentration. After the samples were concentrated until only the water was left, 10 mL of water and 10 mL of ethyl acetate were added. The samples were then separated as layers, and the supernatant (ethyl acetate layer) was decanted into the evaporation flask. Another 10 mL of ethyl acetate was added to the water layer, after which the extraction was repeated. The ethyl acetate layer from the two extractions was then combined and subjected to vacuum concentration. The DG extract was dissolved in 5 mL of HPLC methanol and filtered using a 0.2 μm PVDF syringe filter (Waters) for HPLC analysis.
8 μm filter paper
Manufactured by Cytiva
Sourced in Italy, United Kingdom, United States
The 8 μm filter paper is a laboratory filtration product designed for general filtration applications. It has a pore size of 8 micrometers, making it suitable for a range of filtering tasks. The product provides a reliable and consistent filtration performance.
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5 protocols using 8 μm filter paper
1
Ginsenoside Extraction and Purification
2
Extraction of Ziziphus spina-christi Leaves
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The collected leaves of Ziziphus spina-christi (Zi) were firstly collected from Alexandria city in Egypt. They were then dissected, washed, and rinsed using water and double distilled water (DI). The leaves were then oven dried for 72 h at 60 °C. The dried leaves were grounded in a stainless steel mixer to get fine powder.
In total, 500, 2500, and 5000 mg of Zi biomass were added to 100 mL of DI representing concentrations of 5, 25, and 50 mg mL−1, respectively. Each mixture was stirred at room temperature for 90 min with a stirring rate of 400 rpm (magnetic stirrer; FALC, F91T, Italy) then filtered using Whatman 8-μm filter paper, and the filtered solution is kept at 4.0 °C for further usage.
In total, 500, 2500, and 5000 mg of Zi biomass were added to 100 mL of DI representing concentrations of 5, 25, and 50 mg mL−1, respectively. Each mixture was stirred at room temperature for 90 min with a stirring rate of 400 rpm (magnetic stirrer; FALC, F91T, Italy) then filtered using Whatman 8-μm filter paper, and the filtered solution is kept at 4.0 °C for further usage.
3
Solid-state Asymmetric Supercapacitor Device
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The separator (Whatman 8 μm filter paper) covered with a layer of PVA-LiCl gel as a solid electrolyte on both sides and, sandwiched between the two pieces of the GN/KCu7S4/CFF electrodes to form a two electrode device. The detailed fabrication process of the electrode was reported in our previous work (Javed et al., 2015 (link)). Here, the mass loading on the carbon fiber fabric is about 2 mg cm−2 and the working area of each electrode is 4 cm × 1.5 cm.
4
Methanol Extraction of HTHP-RG Powder
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One gram of HTHP-RG powder was extracted using 20 mL of 80% methanol at 80°C for 1 h. The samples were re-extracted by the same method and then filtered with an 8 μm filter paper (Whatman, Maidstone, UK) for vacuum concentration. After the sample was completely concentrated, it was dissolved in 5 mL of HPLC methanol and filtered using a 0.2 μm polyvinyl difluoride (PVDF) syringe filter (Waters, Milford, MA, USA) for HPLC analysis.
5
Fabrication of CNT Thin Film Gas Sensor
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We fabricated a CNT thin film using MWCNTs (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), the average length and diameter of which were in the ranges of 6–13 nm and 2.5–20 μm, respectively. MWCNTs and methanol were mixed in the ratio of 0.2 g per 100 mL, added with 0.5 wt % PEI (Sigma-Aldrich), and the mixture was stirred for 12 h. Thereafter, the mixture was homogenized for 1h using ultrasonic equipment. After fully dispersed, a vacuum filtration process was conducted with 8 μm filter paper (Whatman, Marlborough, MA, USA). After drying the CNT thin film by heating at 70 °C for 1 h, it was placed on a polyimide substrate to make a silver electrode with a gap of approximately 2 cm at both ends of the sample. Subsequently, the silver electrode was heated at 90 °C for 15 min and dried to fabricate a gas sensor. Figure 1 shows the image of the filtration production system, the fabricated sensor, and the flexibility of the sensor.
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