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4 protocols using recombinant wnt5a protein

1

Time-Lapse Imaging of Wnt5a in Xenopus

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DMZ explants were dissected at stage 10.25 and cultivated in petri dishes coated with 1% BSA in 1x MBSH until their siblings reached stage 12.
Animal caps of stage 9 embryos were cut manually, placed on BSA coated glass cover slides and fixed with cover glass. To generate a cultivation chamber, the cover glass was separated from the cover slides by a thin layer of silicone. Recombinant Wnt5a protein (R&D Systems) was added by carefully changing MBSH in the cultivation chamber with MBSH containing 0,1 µg/µl Wnt5a and 0,1% BSA.
Time-lapse movies and z-stacks were captured using the Z1 Cell Observer Spinning Disc inverse microscope (Zeiss, Jena, Gemany). For the z-distribution of fluorophore-tagged proteins in animal cap explants ten optical sections with 1 µm distance were captured, starting from the basal side at position 0 µm, where cell protrutions were visible.
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2

Comprehensive Anticancer Pathway Analysis

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FAP antibody was purchased from Cell Signaling (catalog 66562). DOXO (catalog D1515), PTX (catalog T7402), and CCR2 antagonist (catalog 227016) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Navitoclax (ABT-263) (catalog S1001) was purchased from Selleckchem. Recombinant IL-6 protein (catalog 7270-IL), recombinant WNT5A protein were acquired from R&D System (catalog 645-WN). Tocilizumab was acquired from Novus Biologicals (catalog NBP2-75193). Puromycin was acquired from Thermo Fisher Scientific (catalog A11138). Cell Signaling Technology antibodies contributed: anti–PKC-α (catalog 59754S), anti–p-PKC-α/β II (catalog 9375S), anti–p-PLC-γ1 (catalog 8713S), anti–PLC-γ1 XP (catalog 5690S), anti–p-RAC1/cdc42 (Ser71) (catalog 2461), anti-RAC1/2/3 (catalog 2465), anti-WNT5A/B (catalog MA5-15502), and anti–cleaved caspase-3 (catalog 9661S). Mouse monoclonal β-actin–HRP (catalog 47778, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) was used as loading control. Anti-Ki67 was acquired by BD Horizon (catalog 565929).
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3

Wnt Modulation in Organoid Generation

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Wnt signal manipulation was performed during organoid generation between Day 0 and 6 by 50 ng/mL recombinant WNT5A protein (R&D), 2 μM IWP2 (Sigma), 2 μM XAV939 (Calbiochem), and 3–9 μM IWR1e. On Day 6, organoids were examined by RT-qPCR.
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4

Signaling Pathway Antibody Panel

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Antibodies to Wnt5a/b, phospho-β-catenin(Ser33/37/Thr41), phospho-CaMKII(Thr286), phospho-JNK(Thr183/Tyr185), phospho-p38(Thr180/Tyr182), phospho-ERK(Thr202/Tyr204), phospho-p65, phospho-Akt(Ser473), phospho-GSK-3β(Ser9), phospho-Smad1(Ser463/465)/ Smad5(Ser463/465)/ Smad8(Ser465/467), phospho-Smad1(Ser206), phospho-Smad2(Ser465/467), and total β-catenin, CaMKII, JNK, p38, ERK, p65, Akt, GSK-3β and Smad1, and secondary antibodies were from Cell Signaling Technology. Antibodies to MMP2, MMP3 and MMP13 were from EMD Millipore. MMP1 antibody was from Abnova. β-actin antibody was from Abcam. Wnt5a antibody (Cat. No. AF645) for immunohistochemistry (IHC), recombinant Wnt5a protein and recombinant Wnt3a protein were from R&D Systems. Purified endotoxin-free recombinant 42kDa FN-f, containing the cell binding RGD domain, was produced as previously described17 (link). RT2 qPCR primers were from Qiagen except that aggrecan (ACAN) primer was as previously described18 (link). ImProm-II™ Reverse Transcriptase and SsoAdvanced™ Universal SYBR® Green Supermix were from Promega and Bio-Rad, respectively. Chemical inhibitors were from Calbiochem (JNK-IN-8, SB203580, LY294002, Box-5, CaMK IINtide), Cell Signaling Technology (PD98059, U0126), and Selleck Chemicals (Ruxolitinib).
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