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Dsc131

Manufactured by Setaram
Sourced in France

The DSC131 is a Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) instrument designed for thermal analysis. It measures the heat flow and temperature difference between a sample and a reference material as a function of time or temperature. The core function of the DSC131 is to provide quantitative and qualitative information about physical and chemical changes in materials that involve endothermic or exothermic processes or changes in heat capacity.

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19 protocols using dsc131

1

Thermal Analysis of Microsponge Formulations

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DSC studies were done on pure TZR and T3 microsponge formulation (DSC131, SETARAM, France). The samples were accurately weighed and packed in aluminium pans. In a nitrogen environment, samples were heated at a rate of 10 °C/minute throughout a temperature range of 25–450 °C12 (link),24 (link).
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2

Calorimetric Analysis of Lipid Formulations

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Calorimetric measurements were performed using a DSC131 (Setaram, France) scanning calorimeter. Typical analyses were carried out under nitrogen flow (20 ml/min) by setting an initial isotherm at 30°C for 300 seconds, a subsequent heating ramp from 30 to 70°C or from 30 to 170°C and a final isotherm at 70 or 170°C for 300 seconds, respectively for the measurements performed in hydrated and anhydrous conditions. Samples for the DSC analyses were obtained solubilizing HSPC, PEG 750 -DMA (or PEG 4000 -DMA) and cholesterol in the minimum volume of chloroform (3 ml) into a round bottom flask. Samples without cholesterol were also prepared and analyzed. The organic solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure at T=60°C to form a lipid film, which was further dried under high vacuum to remove any trace of the solvent. Aliquots (5 mg) of each dried film were gently scraped from the flask and weighed in sealable aluminium pans. For DSC under standard hydrated conditions, thermograms were recorded at scan rate of 5°C/min. For DSC under anhydrous conditions, several heating/cooling cycles were run before thermogram recording at scan rate of 5°C/min. The samples were submitted to heating/cooling cycles until identical thermograms were obtained in two subsequent runs. An empty aluminium pan was used as reference. All the analysis were performed at least in triplicate.
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3

Thermal Analysis of NP Samples

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Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements were performed on a scanning calorimeter (Setaram DSC 131, Caluire, France) equipped with a thermal analysis data system connected to a cooling system. Samples of 10 mg of NP were placed in aluminum pans, sealed and heated under nitrogen atmosphere two times at a rate of 10 °C per minute from −20 to 80 °C and from 25 to 250 °C.
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4

Thermal Analysis of PLA Scaffolds

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DSC (Setaram, model DSC131) was used to investigate the calorimetric properties of the scaffolds. The analysis was carried out with two cycles of heating from room temperature to 190°C at 10°C/min heating rate under nitrogen flow on electrospun samples with approximately the same weight (~ 5 mg) sealed in aluminum pans.
PLA and PLA‐based composites crystallinity degree (χ) were calculated according to the following equation66: χ%=HmHccH0PLA×XPLA×100 where ΔHcc and ΔHm are the cold crystallization and melting enthalpy of the samples, respectively. XPLA is the weight fraction of PLA and ΔH0m is the melting enthalpy of 100% crystalline PLA equal to 93.7 J/g.66
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5

Thermal Analysis of Metformin-Loaded PLA MPs

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The thermal of samples were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC-131, Setaram, France). DSC thermograms of pure metformin, blank PLA MPs and metformin loaded MPs were obtained using SETSOFT software. The samples (8-12 mg) were weighted and sealed into aluminium pans; an empty sealed pan was used as a reference. DSC curves were obtained at a heating rate of 10 °C from 30-300 °C.
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6

Calorimetric Analysis of Polymer Scaffolds

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A differential scanning calorimeter (Setaram Instrumentation, Caluire, France, model DSC131) was used to investigate the calorimetric properties of the scaffolds. The analysis was carried out by heating the samples, whose weight was about 5 mg, from room temperature to 200 °C at 10 °C/min heating rate under nitrogen flow.
PLLA and PHA crystallinity degree (χ) were calculated according to Equation (2) [11 (link)]: χi (%)=HmHccH0i × Xi×100
where Hcc and Hm are the cold crystallization and melting enthalpy of the samples, respectively. Xi is the weight fraction of PLA or PHA, and H0i  is the melting enthalpy of 100% crystalline PLLA or PHA equal to 93.7 J/g [11 (link)] and 145 J/g [50 (link)], respectively.
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7

Thermal Analysis of Biopolymer Samples

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Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis was performed using a differential scanning calorimeter DSC 131 (Setaram, Caluire, France). The samples were placed in aluminum crucibles and analyzed in a temperature range between −90 and 220 °C, with heating and cooling speeds of 10 °C/min. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed using the thermogravimetric equipment Labsys EVO (Setaram, Caluire, France). Samples were placed in aluminum crucibles and analyzed in a temperature range between 25 and 500 °C, at 10 °C/min. The crystallinity index (Xc, %) of the samples was estimated as the ratio between the melting enthalpy (ΔHm, J g−1) of its melting peak and the melting enthalpy of 100% crystalline P(3HB), previously reported to be 146 J g−1 [27 (link)].
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8

Thermal and Spectral Analysis of Drug Formulation

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Differential scanning colorimetry (DSC)

The DSC for drug and formulation C6 was studied (DSC131, SETARAM, France). Accurately weighed samples were transferred to aluminium pans and sealed. Samples were run at a heating rate of 10 °C/min over a temperature range 25–450 °C in an atmosphere of nitrogen18 (link).

Fourier transformer infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)

To ascertain compatibility, FTIR spectra of CLN-free base and other excipients were recorded in KBr disc. (Bruker IR, Germany)19 (link).

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9

Differential Scanning Calorimetry of Powders

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Differential scanning calorimetry of powders was determined by module version 1.54 f (DSC 131, Setaram Instrumentation, France). Experiments were performed at an ambient temperature of 250°C (heating rate was 10°C/min) and 10 mL/min was the speed of N 2 gas for drying (Khoshdouni Farahani et al., 2023a ).
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10

Synthesis and Characterization of Isosorbide-Based Monomers

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Isosorbide was purchased from Alfa Aesar (Karleshrue, Germany), Isomannide and Isoidide were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Milwaukee, WI, USA), previously crystallized from acetone and dried under high vacuum. 1-fluoro-4-benzonitrile (99%), 1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclooctadecane (18-Crown-6), activated palladium supported on charcoal (10%), and thionyl chloride were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). KOH (Normapur) was purchased from Prolabo (Paris, France). Unless otherwise mentioned, all the reactants were used as received. The solvents were distilled over CaH2 and placed on molecular sieves.
1D and 2D NMR techniques were recorded at 300 and 500 MHz (Bruker WP 250). The chemical shifts are given in ppm. Differential Scanning Calorimetric data were obtained using DSC131 (SETARAM). DSC measurements were conducted with a heating and cooling rate at 10 °C/min. The first heating cycle was conducted from room temperature to 150 °C. Then samples were cooled down to room temperature. Then, a second heating scan was conducted (RT to 500 °C for the diacid) (RT to 300 °C for the AB monomers) (RT to 250 °C for the polymer). The Tm and Tg values were determined from the second DSC heating scan. Sample weights of about 10−15 mg were used in these experiments.
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