1 2 dinonadecanoyl sn glycero 3 phosphatidylcholine

A fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) mix with 37 components (Food Industry FAME MIX, Restek, Bellefonte, PA, USA) was used for identification of the FAMEs. A 21-component FAME mix (Qualmix PUFA Fish M, Methyl Esters (Menhaden Oil), Larodan AB, Solna, Sweden) was used for identification of all-cis-6,9,12,15-octadecatetraenoic acid methyl ester, all-cis-8,11,14,17-eicosatetraenoic acid methyl ester, and all-cis-7,10,13,16,19-docosapentaenoic acid methyl ester. In addition, the following individual FAME standards were used: nonanoic acid methyl ester (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), 13-methyltetradecanoic acid methyl ester, trans-9-tetradecenoic acid methyl ester, cis-9-heptadecenoic acid methyl ester, cis-13-octadecenoic acid methyl ester, cis-9-eicosenoic acid methyl ester, and hexacosanoic acid methyl ester (all from Larodan AB, Solna, Sweden). Three internal standards were used (10 mg/mL, dissolved in CHCl₃), one for each lipid fraction; 1,2-dinonadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine for the PL fractions, nonadecanoic acid for the FFA fractions, and trinonadecanoin for the NL fractions (all from Larodan AB, Solna, Sweden). nonadecanoic acid methyl ester (Larodan AB, Solna, Sweden) was added to the 37 components FAME mix for retention time identification, since C19:0 was used as internal standard in the samples.

Essentially fatty acid-free BSA was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). 1,2-diheptadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine, 1,2-dinonadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine, and retinyl acetate were obtained from Larodan Fine Chemicals AB (Stockholm, Sweden) and Sigma-Aldrich and used as internal standards. Retinyl palmitate (RP) and cholesteryl oleate were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Lalistat 2 was a kind gift from Dr. Paul Helquist (Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN).