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5 protocols using p vegfr2

1

Protein Expression and Immunoblotting

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Cells were lysed with lysis buffer (catalog no. #9803s; Cell Signaling Technology) containing protease inhibitor cocktail (catalog no. #3100-001; Gendepot). Total protein was immunoblotted with primary antibodies against KAI1 (catalog no. ab135779; Abcam), LIF (catalog no. AB-449-NA; R&D Systems), tSrc, pSrc (Tyr416), and pSrc (Tyr527) (Cell Signaling Technology), Myc (catalog no. 05-724; Sigma-Aldrich), p53 (catalog no. MABE327; Merck Millipore), Pbx1 (catalog no. sc-889; Santa Cruz), Cav-1 (Caveolin-1, catalog no. sc-894; Santa Cruz), Flot1 (Flotillin1, catalog no. #3253s; Cell signaling Technology), p-VEGFR2 (catalog no. ab38473; Abcam), total VEGFR2 (catalog no. #2479s; Cell Signaling Technology), p-PDGFRβ (catalog no. #3166s; Cell signaling Technology), total PDGFRβ (catalog no. #4564s; Cell signaling Technology), PDGF-BB (catolg no. 07-1437; Sigma-Aldrich), and VEGF-A (catalog no. #ABS82; Merck Millipore) followed by incubation in horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies (Jackson Laboratory). GAPDH (catalog no. ab9485; Abcam) and beta-actin (catalog no. ab8227; Abcam) were used as an internal control.
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2

Western Blotting of GSC Proteins

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Western blotting was performed as previously described [23 (link)]. Briefly, the total proteins of GSCs or tissues were isolated using a total cell protein extraction kit (KeyGen Biotechnology, Nanjing, China). Protein lysates were prepared, subjected to SDS-PAGE, transferred onto polyvinylidene difluoride membranes and blocked with 2% bovine serum albumin (KeyGen Biotechnology). The primary antibodies against ISL2 (1:1000; Abcam), VEGFA (1:1000; Abcam), VEGFR2 (1:1000; Abcam), p-VEGFR2 (1:1000; Abcam), MEK1/2 (1:1000; Abcam), p-MEK1/2 (1:1000; Abcam), ERK1/2 (1:500; Abcam), p-ERK1/2 (1:500; Abcam), and β-actin (1:2000; Proteintech, Rosemont, IL, USA) were incubated at 4 °C overnight. After secondary antibody (Proteintech) incubation, the bands were detected using a chemiluminescence ECL kit (Beyotime Biotechnology, Beijing, China) and quantified by ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA).
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3

Multicolor Immunofluorescence Staining of Skin Tissue

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Skin tissue sections were incubated with two unconjugated primary antibodies, anti-CD31 (Cat#sc-1506, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, TX, USA) and anti-DA D2 receptor antibody (Cat#sc-9113, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) or anti-CD31 (Cat# sc-1506, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and anti-phospho-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (p-VEGFR-2) (Cat# ab5473, Abcam) or anti-CD31 (Cat# sc-1506, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and anti-nidogen 2 (NID2) (Cat# ab14513, Abcam) or anti-CD31 (Cat# sc-1506, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and anti-Apelin (Cat# 11497–1-AP, Life Technologies, CA, USA) at 4°C overnight. All the antibodies were used at a dilution of 1:100). The corresponding fluorochrome-conjugated secondary antibodies were applied for 1 hour at room temperature on the next day, and DAPI was used to counterstain the nuclei. Slides were mounted and visualized under a confocal scanning microscope (FBV-1000; Olympus Corporation, Center Valley, PA) (6 (link), 13 (link)).
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4

Anlotinib Hydrochloride Pharmacological Evaluation

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Anlotinib hydrochloride (purity >99%) was manufactured by Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd (Nanjing, China) and dissolved in physiological saline to various concentrations. Primary and secondary antibodies against VEGFR2, p-VEGFR2, and β-actin were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, MA, USA). β-catenin and c-Myc were provided by Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA). Matrigel was obtained from BD Bioscience (Pasadena, CA, USA). Tris-buffered saline with 0.1% Tween-20 (TBST) was purchased from Sigma Aldrich.
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5

Comprehensive Immunophenotyping and Signaling Analysis

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For IHC, antibodies used were from Cell Signaling Technology for CD31 (#77699S) and for CD8 (#98941S). For immunoprecipitation performed for Western blot analysis, antibodies used were from R&D Systems [Goat-anti-mouse antibody, VEGFR2 (#AF644) and AXL (#AF154)]. For Western blot analysis, antibodies used were from Cell Signaling Technology [VEGFR2 (#9698), pAXL (#5724), and cMET (#4560S)], Thermo Fisher Scientific [pVEGFR2 (#44-1047G) and pMET (#44-88G)] and Abcam [AXL (#ab215205)].
For flow cytometry, antibodies used for surface staining were: PD-L1 (MIH5; Thermo Fisher Scientific), PD-1 (29F.1A12; BioLegend), CD3 (145-2C11; BioLegend), CD11b (M1/70; BioLegend), CD45 (30-F11; BioLegend), CD8 (53-6.7; BioLegend), NKp46 (29A1.4; BioLegend), CD4 (RM4-5; BioLegend), Ly6G (1A8; BioLegend), CD11c (N418; Thermo Fisher Scientific), F4/80 (T45-2342; BD Biosciences), Ly6C (AL-21; BD Biosciences), MHC II (M5/114.15.2; BD Biosciences), CD19 (6D5; BioLegend), and CD25 (PC61; BioLegend). For intracellular staining, the antibodies used were: Arginase 1 (A1exF5; Thermo Fisher Scientific), Foxp3 (FJK-16s; eBioscience), Ki67 (Sola15; eBioscience), IFN (XMG1.2; BioLegend), and granzyme B (GB11; BioLegend).
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