Resin-based root canal sealer (Epiphany, Pentron Clinical Technologies, Wallingford, CT, US) was prepared according to manufacturer's instructions and placed into the plastic molds approximately 2 mm in height and 3 mm in diameter. Mylar matrix strip and glass slide were placed above the specimens and light-cured with light emitting diode (LED) (Elipar Freelight 2, 3M ESPE Dental Products, St. Paul, MN, US) for 40 s exposures with a standard mode. The output of the LED was 1200 m W/cm2. Twenty-four specimens were prepared. Immediately, after the curing process, the specimens were taken out from the molds and separated into two groups. The first group (n = 12) was immersed in Eppendorf tubes containing 200 µl phosphate-buffered saline solution (PBS) and incubated at 37°C for 45 s, the second group (n = 12) got the same treatment, but for 24 h.
Elipar freelight 2
Manufactured by 3M
Sourced in United States
The Elipar Freelight 2 is a light-curing unit designed for dental applications. It provides consistent light output to facilitate the curing of light-sensitive dental materials.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
11 protocols using elipar freelight 2
1
Resin-Based Root Canal Sealer: Curing and Immersion
2
LED-Cured Dental Restorative Materials
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Polymerization of DXP specimens was carried out by using
a light-emitting diode (LED) polymerization light (Elipar Free
light 2, 1,200 mW/cm2, 3M ESPE, Ireland) for 20 seconds to
each surface, with the tip of the light on the glass slide for 40 seconds. EF restorative material was applied to each capsule
with a 10-second mixer, molded with a carrier, and left at
room temperature for 5 minutes to complete the hardening.
According with the manufacturer’s recommendation, the
EF coating was applied to the surface of the specimens and
cured for 20 seconds using the LED unit. GCP restorative material
was applied to each capsule for 15 seconds with a mixer,
molded with a carrier, and the GCP Gloss surface coating
was applied following the manufacturer’s guide. Curing was
performed with GCP CarboLED (1,400 mW/cm2 (max 60° C),
GCP-Dental, Elmshorn, Germany) for 90 seconds.
a light-emitting diode (LED) polymerization light (Elipar Free
light 2, 1,200 mW/cm2, 3M ESPE, Ireland) for 20 seconds to
each surface, with the tip of the light on the glass slide for 40 seconds. EF restorative material was applied to each capsule
with a 10-second mixer, molded with a carrier, and left at
room temperature for 5 minutes to complete the hardening.
According with the manufacturer’s recommendation, the
EF coating was applied to the surface of the specimens and
cured for 20 seconds using the LED unit. GCP restorative material
was applied to each capsule for 15 seconds with a mixer,
molded with a carrier, and the GCP Gloss surface coating
was applied following the manufacturer’s guide. Curing was
performed with GCP CarboLED (1,400 mW/cm2 (max 60° C),
GCP-Dental, Elmshorn, Germany) for 90 seconds.
3
Resin-Based Restorative Material Evaluation
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Resin-based restorative materials, one compomer (C) and two composite resins (NF and MH), with or without the resin coating (RC), were used in this study with the shade of A3 (Table 1 ). A total of 36 disk-shaped specimens (10 mm in diameter and 2 mm in height) were prepared, covered with clear strips and light cured perpendicularly (Elipar FreeLight 2, 3 M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA, for 20 s) in plastic molds for both the Ra and ΔE tests (n = 6 for each group). After polymerization was completed, the specimens were divided into two groups, and half were treated with the RC by using microtip applicator with the same above light curing device for 20 s. Then, the specimens were stored at 37°C and 100% relative humidity for 24 hours to ensure complete polymerization. One specimen, before and after the UV testing from each group, was stored for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The tested groups are shown in Table 1 .
4
Restoring Root Caries Lesions with RMGI
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The cavities in artificial caries specimens were stained with Sable Seek Caries indicator (Ultradent, South Jordan, UT, USA). Softened dentin was excavated using a low-speed carbide bur and a spoon excavator until no traces of dye remained. When the root caries lesion was undermining enamel tissue, the overlying enamel of natural root caries was removed using a tungsten carbide bur (No. 330) in a high-speed handpiece until the carious dentin was exposed. The carious dentin was then excavated in the same manner as that used for the artificial caries specimens. All the cavities were conditioned using Dentin Conditioner (GC Corp., Tokyo, Japan) for 10 seconds, washed with water spray for 15 seconds, dried with dry compressed air for 15 seconds, and filled with RMGI (Fuji II LC capsule, GC Corp.) according to the manufacturer's instructions. The restoration was cured for 20 seconds using a light-emitting diode curing light (Elipar FreeLight 2, 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA) with an intensity of 1,200 mW/cm2. The restored teeth were stored in distilled water in a sealed container at 37℃.
5
Dental Post Cementation Protocol
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Equal amounts of PD Primer liquids A and B (Kuraray Medical, Osaka, Japan) were combined on a mixing dish, applied to the inside of the canal with a microbrush, and allowed to stand for 60 s. Excess liquid was eliminated with a paper point before completely drying the primer with a gentle air flow. Equal amounts of Panavia F pastes A and B (white shade; Kuraray Medical) were then combined for 20 s on the mixing plate and applied to the post with a brush. The cement-covered post was inserted into the root canal and polymerized for 20 s with a light-curing unit (Elipar Free Light 2; 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA) operating from the cervical orifice at a power density of 1000 mW/cm2.
6
Evaluating Composite Resin Color Stability
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Four direct restorative materials were tested, as described in Table 1 .
Eighty cylindrical specimens of each composite resin were fabricated (shade A3) using a metallic matrix (2 mm in height and 3 mm in diameter) and cured on the top surface using LED photocuring unit (Elipar Freelight 2, 3M/ESPE, St. Paul, MN) at 1200 mW/cm2 power density, activated for 40 s. A mylar strip was placed over the resin composite and pressed with a glass plate to provide a flat surface, being removed after curing.
After curing, the specimens were stored in individual containers with deionized water for 24 h. Then, they were polished using a sequence of 1200, 2400 and 4000 grit aluminum oxide abrasive disks (Extec, Enfield, CT) in a polishing device (DP-10, Panambra Industrial e Técnica, São Paulo, Brazil). All the samples were stored in individual containers in deionized water at 37 °C for 24 h.
All groups of composite resins were submitted to the same treatment protocol: (1) immersion in food-simulating liquids, (2) brushing protocol and (3) staining in coffee immersion. After each treatment, the color was evaluated.
Eighty cylindrical specimens of each composite resin were fabricated (shade A3) using a metallic matrix (2 mm in height and 3 mm in diameter) and cured on the top surface using LED photocuring unit (Elipar Freelight 2, 3M/ESPE, St. Paul, MN) at 1200 mW/cm2 power density, activated for 40 s. A mylar strip was placed over the resin composite and pressed with a glass plate to provide a flat surface, being removed after curing.
After curing, the specimens were stored in individual containers with deionized water for 24 h. Then, they were polished using a sequence of 1200, 2400 and 4000 grit aluminum oxide abrasive disks (Extec, Enfield, CT
All groups of composite resins were submitted to the same treatment protocol: (1) immersion in food-simulating liquids, (2) brushing protocol and (3) staining in coffee immersion. After each treatment, the color was evaluated.
7
Fabrication and Surface Finishing of Resin Composite Discs
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A total of three hundred and fifteen disc-shaped specimens measuring 10.0 mm in diameter ×2.0 mm in height were fabricated from resin composites (n=105) by placing the materials in stainless-steel molds. The molds with the Mylar strips and microscopic glass slides on top and bottom sides were filled with respective resin composites, and a finger which was pressed gently to extrude the excess material. Subsequently, each specimen was 20 s light irradiated on top and bottom surfaces of the specimens by a light emitting diode (LED) (Elipar Freelight 2, 3M ESPE, St. Paul, USA/1000 mW/cm2). The device underwent regular inspections to verify irradiance values using a digital radiometer (Bluephase Meter II, Ivoclar, Amherst, USA). Following the removal of specimens from the molds, they were placed in distilled water (37°C) for 24 h. Subsequently, the specimens were finished and polished using a sequence of Sof-Lex discs of Sof-Lex discs (3M/ ESPE, St. Paul, USA). The discs were replaced after every 2 specimens, following a decreasing order, with intermittent movements.
8
Enamel Bonding Comparison: Phosphoric Acid vs. Self-Etching Primer
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All teeth were bonded with lower premolar brackets (Discovery, Dentaurum, Germany). The average bonding surface of the employed bracket was 13.42 mm2. One investigator (XXX) performed the bonding in accordance to the manufacturer’s instructions. All brackets were positioned in the center in between incisal edge and cementoenamel junction.
In the control group the enamel surfaces were etched for 30 s with a 37 % phosphoric acid (Ormco, Orange, CA, USA), rinsed for 10 s with water and air-dried. A thin film of TransbondXT-primer was applied on the etched enamel surface and hardened with a light source for 15 s. TransbondXT-adhesive was applied on the bracket base.
In the experimental group a thin film of self-etching Tectosan-primer was applied on the tooth enamel for ten seconds, followed by drying the surface with air. Tectosan-adhesive was applied on the bracket base.
In both groups the brackets were applied at a pressure of 3 N with the help of a Correx™ gauge (Haag-Streit, Berne, Switzerland), following the procedure described by Bishara et al. [26 (link)]. The curing process was conducted in both groups for 20 s with minimal distance each from the mesial and distal side using a light-emitting diode (LED) with a light intensity of 1200 mW/cm2 (Elipar™ FreeLight™ 2, 3 M ESPE, Neuss, Germany).
In the control group the enamel surfaces were etched for 30 s with a 37 % phosphoric acid (Ormco, Orange, CA, USA), rinsed for 10 s with water and air-dried. A thin film of TransbondXT-primer was applied on the etched enamel surface and hardened with a light source for 15 s. TransbondXT-adhesive was applied on the bracket base.
In the experimental group a thin film of self-etching Tectosan-primer was applied on the tooth enamel for ten seconds, followed by drying the surface with air. Tectosan-adhesive was applied on the bracket base.
In both groups the brackets were applied at a pressure of 3 N with the help of a Correx™ gauge (Haag-Streit, Berne, Switzerland), following the procedure described by Bishara et al. [26 (link)]. The curing process was conducted in both groups for 20 s with minimal distance each from the mesial and distal side using a light-emitting diode (LED) with a light intensity of 1200 mW/cm2 (Elipar™ FreeLight™ 2, 3 M ESPE, Neuss, Germany).
9
Adhesive Microdiscs Bonding Evaluation
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A thin layer of resin cement (RelyX Veneer, 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA) was applied on the area of the tooth, where the microdiscs were then placed. The microdiscs were cemented on three different areas of the buccal surface: occlusal third, middle third, and cervical third. The microdiscs were placed on the tooth surface using a tweezer. Excess cement was removed using a microbrush. They were then light cured for 40 seconds using light-emitting diode unit with a light intensity of 1200 mW/cm2 (Elipar™ FreeLight 2, 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA). All specimens were aged by thermocycling for 2,500 cycles in water baths with a temperature range between 5 and 55°C with a dwell time of 15 seconds in each bath and 5 seconds transfer time [15 (link)] (Figure 2 ).
10
Composite Resin Specimens Preparation
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The 2 types of composite resin and 3 different bleaching materials used in this study are shown in Table 1. An A2 color tone microhybrid composite (Gradia ® Direct Anterior; GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) and a nanohybrid composite (Grandio ® ; VOCO GmbH, Cuxhaven, Germany) were selected for the research. One hundred and fifty specimens were obtained from each composite resin, using a Teflon mold, 2-millimeter-thick and 8 mm in diameter. The composites were placed inside the mold; then, a celluloid microscope slide holder strip was placed on the composite surface to obtain a smooth surface, and finger pressure was applied. The composite materials were then polymerized on their upper and lower surfaces for 20 s, using a light-curing unit (Elipar™ FreeLight 2; 3M ESPE, St. Paul, USA) with a power of 1,000 mW/cm 2 . The light intensity of the curing unit was checked using a digital radiometer (Hilux Ultra Plus; Benlioğlu Dental Inc., Ankara, Turkey) and the calibration of the light-curing unit was repeated for each group. After polymerization, the surfaces of the specimens were polished for 30 s, using a slow-speed handpiece with polishing discs (Sof-Lex™; 3M ESPE) under water.
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