Spss 18.0 statistical package

The aim of the study was to determine the effects of different types of PA (e.g., walking, strength exercise, flexibility exercise) on the HRQoL of Korean women with depression. The design of the complex sample suggested in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Guidelines [32 ] was used to accomplish the purpose of this study. The questionnaire area was allocated to the cluster after the data from 2007 to 2015 were vertically merged. The stratification variable was designated to the dispersion estimation layer. Furthermore, there were the integrated weights for analysis from 2007 to 2015, with the integration rate as 0.5/8.5 in 2007 and 1/8.5 from 2008 to 2015.
The characteristics of the participants were examined by the complex sample in frequency analysis. In addition, the complex sample general linear model was performed to identify the effects of different types of PA on the HRQoL of Korean women with depressive episodes. The significance level in this study was p < 0.05. To avoid bias in the dispersion estimator and the dispersion estimation after deleting missing data, the value of user-missing was shifted to valid values, and all elements with the missing data were contained for analysis. All statistical analyzes were conducted by the SPSS 18.0 statistical package.

We used Microsoft Excel (Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA, USA) and the SPSS 18.0 statistical package (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA) to perform statistical analyses. All p values presented in this study were two sided, and p = 0.05 was considered the cutoff for statistical significance. Differences in the characteristics of the case and control study populations were analyzed using chi-square tests for categorical variables and Welch's t tests for continuous variables. In all analyses, the lower frequency allele was considered to be the ‘risk’ allele. Control genotype frequencies for each SNP were tested for departure from HWE using Fisher's exact tests. Allele and genotype frequencies in the cases and controls were compared using chi-square tests [22 (link)]. Four models (codominant, dominant, recessive, and log-additive) were used to assess the association between each genotype and the risk of IgAN. The effects of the polymorphisms on the risk of IgAN were expressed as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval (CIs), which were calculated using unconditional logistic regression analysis after adjusting for age and gender [23 (link)].

All data were presented as mean ± standard error of mean (SEM). Shapiro-Wilk test was applied to evaluate data normality and homogeneity distribution. One way ANOVA, with Tukey’s post-hoc test was used to determine pair wise difference, and the level of significance was set at p<0.05. Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients were applied to determine correlation between knee range of motion and hormones levels. Density of each band in Western blot was analyzed by using Image J software, and the results were presented as the ratio of target proteins to β-actin. SPSS 18.0 statistical package was used in this study.

For quantitative analysis, the samples for terpenoid identification using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) were prepared according to Karanikas’ method [20 ].
Subsequently, terpenoids of masson pine were detected by GC/MS with an Agilent 6890N gas chromatography coupled with a HP-5MS column (ID: 0.25 mm, length: 30 m, film thickness: 0.25 μm), and an Agilent 5975B mass spectrometer. For GC, the program of oven temperature was 60°C for 2 min, increasing 2°C/min to 80°C, 80°C for 5 min, subsequent increase rate of 4°C/min until 280°C and 280°C for 5 min. Helium was used as the carrier gas at a flow rate of 1 mL/min, injector temperature was set up at 260°C, injection volume was 1 μL with a split ratio of 1:50. Electron ionization mass spectrometry analysis was carried out with 70 eV electron energy, 230°C ion source and 280°C connection part temperature. Terpenoids were identified by matching fragmentation of mass spectra with NIST08. In addition, experimental retention indices were also used to match with reference compounds. The concentration of each terpenoid was expressed as the mass of a compound in oleoresin per gram. SPSS 18.0 statistical package was used to perform the statistical analysis. The significant difference between high and low oleoresin-yielding clones was determined by non-parametric Mann-Whitney test.

Statistical analyses were performed using Microsoft Excel and the SPSS 18.0 statistical package (SPSS, Chicago, IL). Values of p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Two-sided χ² tests were used to calculate the genotype frequencies of the case and control individuals [35 (link)]. We assessed whether the genotype frequency of each SNP adhered to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) using Fisher’s exact test. The genotype frequencies of cases and controls were compared using the χ² test [36 (link)]. We determined odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%, CIs) using unconditional logistic regression analysis with adjustment for age and gender [37 (link)]. Finally, Haploview software (version 4.2) was used to estimate the pairwise linkage disequilibrium (LD).