P gingivalis atcc33277

KSHV+ PEL cell line BCBL-1 was kindly provided by Dr. Dean Kedes (University of Virginia) and cultured in RPMI 1640 media with supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 10 mM HEPES, 100 U/mL penicillin, 100 μg/mL streptomycin, 2 mM L-glutamine, 0.05 mM β-mercaptoethanol, and 0.02% (wt/vol) sodium bicarbonate. Primary human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) and periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLF) were purchased from ScienCell and maintained in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS, 10 mM HEPES, 100 U/mL of penicillin, 100 μg/mL streptomycin, and 0.25 μg/mL amphotericin B. P. gingivalis ATCC33277 and Escherichia coli ATCC25922 strains were purchased from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), and grown as recommended by ATCC. P. gingivalis and E. coli LPS were purchased from InvivoGen, with purities more than 99.5%. SB203580 and JNK-IN-8 were purchased from Selleck Chemicals. To obtain KSHV for the infection experiments, BCBL-1 cells were incubated with 0.6 mM valproic acid for 4–6 days, and KSHV was purified from the culture supernatant by ultracentrifugation at 20,000 × g for 3 h, 4°C. The viral pellets were resuspended in 1/100 the original volume with the appropriate culture media. The infectious titers were determined as described previously. ^{15 (link)}