As previously described (13 (link)), full body DXA (Prodigy and iDXA models; GE/Lunar Radiation Corp, Madison, WI) scans were performed by a single certified technician using standard subject positioning and data acquisition protocols. All scan analyses were completed using GE Lunar enCORE™ software version 16.2. From the whole-body DXA scans, an android region of interest (ROI) was defined as the region with its lower border placed at the top of the iliac crest and upper border defined by 20% of the distance between the top of the iliac crest and immediately below the chin. The ROI extended laterally to include the entire torso. DXA-derived VAT was obtained from the ROI using the GE Lunar CoreScan application. This application uses a validated algorithm to estimate visceral fat mass from the android region (14 (link)). DXA-derived VAT has been shown to correlate well with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-derived VAT from the L4-L5 region in our sample (r = 0.79, p < 0.001) (13 (link)) and with computed tomography (CT)-derived estimates of VAT in adolescents classified as overweight or obese (r = 0.86; 95% CI: 0.08, 0.90) (15 (link)).
Ge lunar encore
Manufactured by GE Healthcare
The GE Lunar enCORE™ is a diagnostic imaging system designed for bone density assessment. It utilizes dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) technology to measure bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition parameters. The device provides accurate and reproducible measurements to aid in the diagnosis and management of conditions such as osteoporosis.
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4 protocols using ge lunar encore
1
Quantifying Visceral Adipose Tissue by DXA
2
Bone Density Measurement in HIV Patients
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BMD of the lumbar spine (LS; L1-L4) and right and left femoral neck was measured using a Hologic Discovery (Hologic, Waltham, MA, USA) for the HIV seropositive arm and a GE Lunar iDXA (GE Healthcare lunar, Madison, WI, USA) system for the healthy control arm. Manufactures standard scan and position protocols were used. The scans were analyzed using Hologic Apex and the GE Lunar EnCore software; version 13.2:5 and 13.60.033 respectively. The BMD values from both systems were converted into standardized BMD (sBMD) using the Hui et al.[19 (link)] formulas for spinal BMD and the Lu et al.[20 (link)] and Damilakis and Guglielmi [21 (link)] formulae for femur BMD to minimize the differences between the two machines. sBMD is expressed in mg/cm2 while BMD are in gm/cm2. World Health Organization (WHO) criteria was used to classify the BMD results: normal BMD with a T-score of more than -1.0 standard deviation (SD), osteopenia was defined as a T-score between -1.0 and -2.5 SD, and osteoporosis was defined as T-score equals or less than -2.5 SD.[22 (link)]
3
Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry of Body Composition
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Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) was performed on the GE Lunar iDXA scanner (General Electric Healthcare, USA) to measure the total and regional body composition (fat and lean mass content) before and after training. Briefly, thigh-specific lean mass and fat content were determined using regions of interest (ROI) with GE Lunar Encore™ software (V.11.20) by subtracting the lower leg ROI below the tibio-femoral joint from the total leg mass (distal section of the leg below the iliac crest and femoral neck).
4
Body Composition Analysis via DXA Scanning
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Total body fat and lean content were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) 5 days before the OGTT using a densitometry device (GE Lunar Prodigy Advance; GE Healthcare, Madison, WI, USA). Pigs were scanned in the prone position using the total body scanning mode (GE Lunar enCORE, version 8.10.027; GE Healthcare). Anaesthesia was induced with sevoflurane (7%) and maintained with isoflurane (5%) during the scans. The DXA total body lean, and fat mass value were converted to their protein and lipid whole-body chemical equivalents29 –31 .
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