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89 protocols using ow cytometry

1

Characterizing Microglial Activation and Neuroprotection

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The supernatants of BV2 cells were harvested. The blood of mice was collected from the eyeballs and centrifuged to collect serum. According to the manufacturer's protocol, the NGF, IL-1β, and IL-10 protein concentrations in BV2 cells and serum were determined by ELISA. Brie y, samples were assayed at 450 nm, and the concentrations were calculated from respective standard curves.
Flow Cytometric Analysis BV2 cells were harvested by centrifuging after washing the BV2 cells with cold PBS. Next, BV2 cells were stained with anti-mouse CD86-FITC or anti-mouse CD206-APC followed standard protocols and manufacturer's instructions. Finally, the stained cells were immediately analyzed by ow cytometry (BD, USA). PC-12 cells were harvested and washed with cold PBS, followed by the addition of 195 μL binding buffers. Then incubate the cells with 5 μL Annexin V-FITC for 10 min and 10 μL PI for 5 min at room temperature in the dark. Finally, the stained cells were immediately analyzed by ow cytometry (BD, USA).
CCK-8 Assay PC-12 cells with or without Aβ1-42 were cultured with the supernatant of different groups of BV2 cells in 96-well plates. Then, 10 μL CCK-8 reagents per well were added to the cells at 37°C for 2 h, and the absorbance at 450 nm was measured to calculate the cell viability using a multi-mode reader (LD942, Beijing, China).
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2

Annexin V-FITC Apoptosis Assay

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Following treatment, cell apoptosis was assessed using an Annexin V-FITC apoptosis detection kit (BD Pharmingen, San Diego, CA, USA). In brief, Annexin V‐FITC (5 μl) and PI (5 μl) were added to 100 μl cells at a concentration of 1x106 cells/ml and incubated in the dark for 15 min at room temperature. Subsequently, binding buffer was added, and apoptosis was analyzed using ow cytometry (BD Biosciences).
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3

Measuring Intracellular ROS in CRC Cells

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The levels of ROS were measured using DCFH-DA (Beyotime, Shanghai, China) according to the manufacturer's protocol. Brie y, CRC cells were treated with α-hederin or not. Next, cells were labeled with 20 µM DCFH-DA and incubated at 37°C for 30 min in the dark. Following the incubation, the uorescence intensity of DCF was measured using ow cytometry (BD Biosciences, US).
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Cell Cycle and Apoptosis Assays

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For the cell cycle assay, after LIPUS or sham irradiation treatment, cell-laden GelMA scaffolds were cut into small pieces and lysed using GelMA Lysis Buffer (EFL-GM-LS-001, SuZhou, China), harvested, and xed with pre-cooled 75% ethanol at 4 °C overnight. After centrifugation, the cells were incubated with PI and RNase A at 37 °C for 30 min in the dark. The cell cycle stages were analyzed at an excitation wavelength of 488 nm using ow cytometry (BD Biosciences, San Jose, USA) and the data were analyzed using FlowJo software (TreeStar, Ashland, OR, USA).
Apoptosis of H9C2 cells was determined using an FITC Annexin V and PI double staining kit (Servicebio, Wuhan, China). After different treatments, the cells were collected, resuspended, and incubated with 5 µL of Annexin V and 5 µL of PI. After incubation for 20 min in the dark at room temperature, the cells were stained for 15 min, and a ow cytometer (BD Biosciences, San Jose, USA) was used to detect apoptosis. The data were analyzed using FlowJo software (TreeStar, Ashland, OR, USA).
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5

Cell Cycle Analysis by Flow Cytometry

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Cell Cycle Analysis Kit (Beyotime) was used for analysis of cell cycle distribution. Transfected cells were collected and xed with ice-cold 70% ethanol at 4 ℃ overnight. The next day, cells were incubated with RNase A and PI for 30 minutes. DNA content was measured by ow cytometry (BD Biosciences) and analyzed by FlowJo software.
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6

Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Modulation

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Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) of cells was detected by JC-1. Cells in the 6-well plate were incubated with 10 4.4 TCID 50 PCV2 for 2 h and discarded the supernatant, then Cepharaanthine and Curcumin were added. After 48 h incubation, cells were stained with JC-1 using a commercial kit (Beyotime Biotechnology, Jangsu, China) treated and analyzed by ow cytometry (BD Biosciences, USA).
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7

Cell Cycle and Apoptosis Analysis in SiHa Cells

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For cell cycle analysis, SiHa cells were incubated with various concentrations of 4SC-202 (0, 1, and 5 μM) for 72 h, digested with 0.25% trypsin and resuspended in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at a density of 1 × 10 6 cells/mL. Cell cycle distribution was detected by ow cytometry (BD Biosciences, CA, USA) and analyzed using Cell Quest software. For apoptosis detection, the cell suspension was gently mixed with 5 μL Annexin V-FITC and 10 μL PI, followed by an incubation at room temperature for 15 min in the dark. Apoptosis rate was determined by using the ow cytometry.
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8

Cell Cycle and Apoptosis Analysis of Glioma Cells

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In the cell cycle analysis, U87MG and A172 glioma cells were collected, re-suspended and stained with propidium iodide (PI) (BD Biosciences; USA) for 20 min in the presence of RNase A. In the apoptosis assay, U87MG and A172 cells were stained with Annexin V-FITC (BD Biosciences; USA) and PI for 20 min. Cells were analyzed using ow cytometry (BD Biosciences; USA) according to manufacturer's instructions.
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9

Transfection Efficiency Comparison in 293T and SMMC-7721 Cells

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Human embryonic kidney cell 293T cells, liver cancer cell line SMMC-7721 were preserved by the laboratory. And cultured in Dulbecco's Modi ed Eagle Medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 100 U/mL - 1 penicillin and 100 µg/mL streptomycin in a humidi ed incubator with 5% CO 2 at 37 °C. SMMC-7721 cells were seeded at 2 × 10 5 cells/well in 6-well plate (Corning Inc., NY, NJ, USA) in 2 mL of complete medium. After 24 hours of incubation, the medium in each well was replaced with 2 mL of fresh serum-free medium. The pVAX-GFP (pGFP) reporter plasmid was maintained at 2 µg per well, while the mass ratios of PL/pGFP, Tf-PL/pGFP and Lipo 2000/pGFP were 25:1. The serum-free medium was then replaced with complete medium after 6 hours. Then, the cells were cultured for an additional 48 hours at 37 °C. Expression of GFP was visualized by an Olympus IX 71 inverted uorescence microscope (Olympus Corp., Tokyo, Japan). Cell suspensions were harvested and analyzed by ow cytometry (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA) to determine transfection e ciency.
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10

Cell Cycle Analysis by Flow Cytometry

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The analysis of cell cycle was performed by a ow cytometry (BD, San Diego, CA). Cells were treated by DPP supplemented with or without CM for 24h, and then the cells were harvested, xed in cold ethanol, and stored at -20°C overnight. The cell cycle was analyzed by ow cytometry using after the xed cells were suspended in PI/RNase staining buffer.
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