The 20-week-old N171-82Q mice and age-matched WT mice (n = 3) were sacrificed after anesthesia with pentobarbital sodium intraperitoneal injection (40–45 mg/kg body weight). After the brain tissues were dissected and weighed, samples were washed and digested in ultrapure nitric acid. All the samples were evaporated to dryness, and were resuspended in 2% nitric acid. After the resuspending of the samples, the total zinc was detectable by SpectrAA-240FS (VaRIAN).
Spectraa 240fs
Manufactured by Agilent Technologies
Sourced in Australia
The SpectrAA-240FS is a Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometer manufactured by Agilent Technologies. It is a laboratory instrument used for the quantitative determination of trace elements in a wide range of sample types.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Certipur, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Spectraa 240z, by Agilent Technologies (2 mentions)
Cary 60, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
Suprapur hno3, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Nh4no3, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Vga 77, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
Uv vis spectrophotometer, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Lipofectamine 2000, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
14 protocols using spectraa 240fs
1
Zinc Quantification in Transgenic Mice
2
Characterization and Sorption of Heavy Metals
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The physicochemical characteristics of Dowex M 4195, Amberlite IRA 743 and Purolite Arsen Xnp are presented in Table 1 .
The sorption tests were carried out using Cu(II) or As(V) solutions. The solutions of Cu(II) and As(V) were prepared for experiments by dissolving CuCl2·6H2O or Na2HAsO4·7H2O in water. The specific pH of the solutions was achieved by adding appropriate amounts of 1 M HCl and 1 M NaOH. To test sorptive properties of Dowex M 4195, Amberlite IRA 743 and Purolite Arsen Xnp forwards Cu(II) or As(V), respectively, 20 mL solutions of 100 mg/L concentration at pH 2.0 or 6.0 and 0.1 g of the selected ion exchanger were placed in 100 mL conical flasks and shaken using laboratory shaker ELPIN+ type 358A (Lubawa, Poland) in the time of 6 h. The above experiments were carried out at room temperature with a shaking speed of 180 rpm and amplitude 7. All samples after shaking were separated by filtration using the filter paper. The concentration of Cu(II) ions was determined by means of atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) using the spectrometer SpectrAA240 FS (Varian Inc., Melbourne, Australia). The concentrations of arsenic(V) ions were determined using the UV-Vis method (Cary 60, Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA).
The sorption tests were carried out using Cu(II) or As(V) solutions. The solutions of Cu(II) and As(V) were prepared for experiments by dissolving CuCl2·6H2O or Na2HAsO4·7H2O in water. The specific pH of the solutions was achieved by adding appropriate amounts of 1 M HCl and 1 M NaOH. To test sorptive properties of Dowex M 4195, Amberlite IRA 743 and Purolite Arsen Xnp forwards Cu(II) or As(V), respectively, 20 mL solutions of 100 mg/L concentration at pH 2.0 or 6.0 and 0.1 g of the selected ion exchanger were placed in 100 mL conical flasks and shaken using laboratory shaker ELPIN+ type 358A (Lubawa, Poland) in the time of 6 h. The above experiments were carried out at room temperature with a shaking speed of 180 rpm and amplitude 7. All samples after shaking were separated by filtration using the filter paper. The concentration of Cu(II) ions was determined by means of atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) using the spectrometer SpectrAA240 FS (Varian Inc., Melbourne, Australia). The concentrations of arsenic(V) ions were determined using the UV-Vis method (Cary 60, Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA).
3
Mehlich II Soil Extraction and Analysis
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At first, the Mehlich II solution was prepared. A total of 11.5 mL of glacial acetic acid was added to 10.7 g of NH4Cl; 0.56 g NH4F and 1 mL concentrated HCl into a glass volumetric flask (1000 mL) and deionized water was added up to the mark. Amounts of 5 g of fine soil I and 50 mL of Mehlich II were weighed into a 100 mL plastic bottle, and mixed. The bottle was then shaken for 10 min on a horizontal shaker Unimax 2010 (Heidolph Instrument, GmbH, Schwabach, Germany). The samples were then filtered through quantitative filter paper Filtrak 390 (Munktell, GmbH, Bärenstein, Germany). The content of micronutrients (Ca, Mg, K,) was determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry—F-AAS—on a spectrometer SpectrAA 240FS (Varian Inc., Mulgrave, VIC, Australia). The phosphorus content was determined by pipetting 1 mL of the filtrate into a flask, adding 8 mL of solution B and making up the volume to 50 mL with deionized water. After 2 h of staining, the phosphorus content was determined by the Ultraviolet-visible scanning spectrometer Shimadzu UV-VIS 1800, λ = 666 nm, (Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan) [52 (link)].
4
Heavy Metal Content Analysis in Soil
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The total heavy metal content was determined after mineralization in a 2.5 mL 65% HNO3 Suprapur® (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) and 7.5 mL 37% HCl Suprapur® (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) mixture. This mixture is able to extract almost all heavy metals from the soil solution, with the exception of silicate and aluminosilicate soil grid structures.
The mineralization tubes were sealed and placed in a microwave digestion apparatus MarsX-press5 (CEM Corp., Matthews, NC, USA). The samples were filtered through quantitative filter paper Filtrak 390 (Munktell, GmbH, Bärenstein, Germany) and diluted with deionized water (0.054 µS/cm). For all procedures, high purity analytical reagents were used. The total heavy metal content was determined using the atomic absorption spectrometer SpectrAA 240FS (Varian Inc., Mulgrave, VIC, Australia) (Mn, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni) and the atomic absorption spectrometer SpectrAA 240Z (Cd and Pb) with Zeeman background correction. CertiPUR® (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) calibration standard was used for calibration of the instruments.
The total Hg content was determined by the CV-AAS method on a selective Hg analyzer AMA-254 (Altec, Praque, Czech Republic.)
The mineralization tubes were sealed and placed in a microwave digestion apparatus MarsX-press5 (CEM Corp., Matthews, NC, USA). The samples were filtered through quantitative filter paper Filtrak 390 (Munktell, GmbH, Bärenstein, Germany) and diluted with deionized water (0.054 µS/cm). For all procedures, high purity analytical reagents were used. The total heavy metal content was determined using the atomic absorption spectrometer SpectrAA 240FS (Varian Inc., Mulgrave, VIC, Australia) (Mn, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni) and the atomic absorption spectrometer SpectrAA 240Z (Cd and Pb) with Zeeman background correction. CertiPUR® (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) calibration standard was used for calibration of the instruments.
The total Hg content was determined by the CV-AAS method on a selective Hg analyzer AMA-254 (Altec, Praque, Czech Republic.)
5
Serum Zinc Quantification by AAS
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Zinc serum samples were analyzed in triplicate in the same assay by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (SpectrAA-240FS, Varian, Victoria, Australia) with a zinc cathode lamp according to the manufacturer's instructions. The sensitivity of zinc was 0.01 µg/mL, the coefficient of variation was 2.09%, and the reference range was 0.7–1.2 µg/mL, according to our laboratory assessment. The serum zinc concentration was determined from accuracy of the triplicate analyses and an internal reference standard.
Four milliliters of blood were collected for analysis of serum zinc. Venipuncture, collection, separation, and storage of zinc, including materials, chemicals, and laboratory procedures, were made according to Lopes et al. (22 ). The medical examination found no signs or symptoms of zinc deficiency.
Four milliliters of blood were collected for analysis of serum zinc. Venipuncture, collection, separation, and storage of zinc, including materials, chemicals, and laboratory procedures, were made according to Lopes et al. (22 ). The medical examination found no signs or symptoms of zinc deficiency.
6
Quantifying Cadmium in Serum and Renal Tissue
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We quantified Cd in the serum and renal tissue using an atomic absorption spectrometer (SpectrAA-240FS; Varian, Inc, California, U.S.A.).
7
Extracting Mobile Heavy Metals in Soil
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Mobile (available) forms of heavy metals, which are more accessible for plants, were determined by extracting 20 g of dried soil samples in 50 mL of NH4NO3 (Sigma-Aldrich, Inc., Saint-Loius, MO, USA) (c = 1 mol/dm3) using a horizontal shaker Unimax 2010 (Heidolph Instrument, GmbH, Schwabach, Germany) for 2 h. After extraction, the samples were filtered through quantitative filter paper Filtrak 390 (Munktell, GmbH, Bärenstein, Germany).
The content of mobile forms of heavy metals in soil was determined using the atomic absorption spectrometer SpectrAA 240FS (Varian Inc., Mulgrave, VIC, Australia) (Mn, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni) and atomic absorption spectrometer SpectrAA 240Z (Cd and Pb) with Zeeman background correction. CertiPUR® (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) calibration standard was used for the calibration of the instruments.
The measured concentrations of selected heavy metals in soil samples were compared with Slovakian limit values, as given by Act No 220/2004, as well as with Threshold value given by the European Commission (2006).
The content of mobile forms of heavy metals in soil was determined using the atomic absorption spectrometer SpectrAA 240FS (Varian Inc., Mulgrave, VIC, Australia) (Mn, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni) and atomic absorption spectrometer SpectrAA 240Z (Cd and Pb) with Zeeman background correction. CertiPUR® (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) calibration standard was used for the calibration of the instruments.
The measured concentrations of selected heavy metals in soil samples were compared with Slovakian limit values, as given by Act No 220/2004, as well as with Threshold value given by the European Commission (2006).
8
Quantifying Selenium in Plant Leaves
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Total selenium content was determined in oven-dried ground leaf samples after digestion with nitric and perchloric acids and reduction by hydrochloric acid [48 (link)]. The digests were analyzed by an atomic absorption spectrometer (SpectrAA 240FS, Varian Inc., Mulgrave, Australia) coupled with a hydride generation system (VGA 77, Mulgrave, Varian Inc., Australia). Glass tubes containing only the chemical reagents were used as blanks for the analytical quality controls in order to constantly monitor for Se contamination in the chemical hood.
9
Characterization of L-EGCG-Mn Contrast Agents
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Three sets of L-EGCG-Mn buffer solutions with different pH values (pH = 7.4, 6.8, and 5.5 PBS) were prepared. The Gd-DTPA in PBS (pH = 7.4) solution was used as a control. For each set of the L-EGCG-Mn solutions, the Mn concentrations used were 0.04, 0.08, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 mM. Likewise, the Gd concentration in the Gd-DTPA solution was 0.04, 0.08, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 mM. Three samples per concentration were analyzed. Thus, this group contained a total of 60 samples.
Forty-five more samples were prepared in the same manner and incubated with human serum albumin (HSA, 10 mg/mL) for 24 h. Fresh samples were prepared before the MR scan. Finally, 210 samples were analyzed via MR scanning (1.5 and 3 T at 22 °C).
After MR scanning, the final Mn concentration of the L-EGCG-Mn buffer solutions (180 samples) was measured via flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (SpectrAA-240FS, Varian, Palo Alto, CA) (wide range [Mn2+], 0.02–0.6 mM). Nitric acid was added to decompose the L-EGCG-Mn NPs before detection.
Forty-five more samples were prepared in the same manner and incubated with human serum albumin (HSA, 10 mg/mL) for 24 h. Fresh samples were prepared before the MR scan. Finally, 210 samples were analyzed via MR scanning (1.5 and 3 T at 22 °C).
After MR scanning, the final Mn concentration of the L-EGCG-Mn buffer solutions (180 samples) was measured via flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (SpectrAA-240FS, Varian, Palo Alto, CA) (wide range [Mn2+], 0.02–0.6 mM). Nitric acid was added to decompose the L-EGCG-Mn NPs before detection.
10
Determination of Mn in Mate Infusions
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A Varian ® (Mulgrave, Australia) model SpectrAA-240FS ame atomic absorption spectrometer equipped with a deuterium (D 2 ) lamp-based background correction system was employed for the Mn determinations. The following instrumental conditions were used: wavelength of 279.5 nm; slit width of 02 nm; Mn hollow-cathode lamp, operating with a current of 8.0 mA; air/C 2 H 2 ame with an oxidizer/fuel stoichiometric ratio of 13.5 L min -1 /2.0 L min -1 . A Jung-200 hot plate (Jung Ò , Brazil) and a mechanical horizontal stirring system were used for performing the acid digestions and batch adsorption experiments, respectively. Filtered infusions were obtained using a vacuum ltration system (Steri l Ò , Millipore Ò , USA). Melanoidins` presence in the ltered fresh infusions of the roasted and green mate were assessed by a UV-vis spectrophotometer (Thermo Scienti c Ò , USA). The pH measurements were performed using a Lucadema Ò LUCA-210 pH-meter (São José do Rio Preto, Brazil) and a combined glass electrode, calibrated with pH 7.00 and 4.00 buffer solutions. An analytical balance Mark 210A (Logen Scienti c Ò , EUA) with readability of 0.1 mg was used for all weighings, and a water bath model 550 (Fisatom ® , Brazil) was used for preparing the hot infusions of mate.
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