Phillips ict 256

All patients were examined by CT for 2-6 times at different time points. The patients in the supine position were scanned using Siemens Emotion 16 (Siemens Healthineers, Forchheim, Germany), Phillips iCT 256 (Phillips Healthcare, Andover, MA, USA), or GE revolution frontier (GE Healthcare, Issaquah, WA, USA). Scans were conducted from the apex of lung to the base of lung on the condition that patients were instructed to hold breath during examination. The following scan parameters were used: tube voltage 120 kV, tube current 70-168mAs, pitch 08-1.2 mm, slice thickness 5 mm, matrix 512×512, FOV 55*35cm, axial reconstruction image layer thickness 1-1.5mm. Three experienced radiologists blinded to nucleic acid results of patients, reviewed all CT scans.

For the present study, 13 fresh-frozen human cadaveric upper extremities (5 right and 8 left) were available. The specimens were obtained from body donors; written consent was available. Institutional ethics committee approval was given prior to this study (VT 20–1399). The mean age at the time of death was 80 ± 9 (66–94) years. Six of the 13 specimens (46.2%) originated from female donors.
To exclude possible confounding variables for fracture simulation, the specimens were radiographically checked for degenerative changes and implants. In addition, the range of motion was examined under fluoroscopic control, especially to diagnose possible extension and forearm rotation deficits.
CT imaging of each specimen was performed (Phillips iCT 256, Phillips, Amsterdam, Netherlands) and our Institutions Picture Archiving and Communication System (IMPAX) was available to calculate Hounsfield Units (HU) as a reference for bone mineral density in 8 specimens prior to fracturing. Based on the study of Wagner et al. measurements were performed on 3 sequential coronal computed tomography scan slices, however, at the level of the proximal radial–ulnar joint [10 (link)]. The region of interest was defined via a circle to best fit the radial head without involving the cortical surface. The mean of 3 measurements was calculated for each specimen.