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7 protocols using ab68194

1

Quantification of Actin-associated Proteins

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For western blot analysis, 10% of total IP lysate was used. Primary antibodies recognizing ACTN1 (ab68194), ACTN4 (ab108198), MYH9 (ab75590) from Abcam were used. After incubation with the rabbit secondary antibodies, protein signals were developed using HRP.
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2

Immunohistochemical Analysis of ACTN1 Expression

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All collected tissues were embedded in paraffin and cut into sections (4 µm). The ACTN1 expression level in all sections was examined by IHC analysis. Briefly, dewaxed sections were blocked with goat serum at 22–25°C for 30 min, after antigen repair in sodium citrate buffer (pH 6.0, ≥92~95°C) in a microwave oven for 15 min. Following this, sections were incubated with anti-ACTN1 antibodies (dilution, 1:100; ab68194, Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA) at 4°C overnight. The next day, these sections were incubated with secondary antibodies at 37°C for 30 min. Finally, the sections were incubated in 2% 3,3′-diaminobenzidine (DAB) chromogenic solution at 22–25°C for 15 min. After mounting, the ACTN1 expression levels in all sections were judged independently by two senior pathologists, according to the following method. The total score of ACTN1 staining = staining intensity score (0: negative; 1: light yellow; 2: brown; 3: tan) × percentage of positive cells (0: <5%; 1: 5%-25%; 2: 25%-50%; 3: 51%–75%: 4: >75%). The total scores of the results of ACTN1 staining were grouped into three categories- a score of 1–4 was regarded as low expression, 5–8 as moderate expression, and 9–12 as high expression.
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3

Characterization of Pancreatic and Cervical Cancer Cell Lines

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PANC-1 and BxPC-3 human pancreatic cancer cell lines and HeLa cervical cancer cell line were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection. DanG human pancreatic cancer cells were provided by Daniel Billadeau (Mayo Clinic). PANC-1, DanG, and HeLa cells were cultured in DMEM with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and penicillin/streptomycin, and BxPC-3 cells were cultured in RPMI media with 10% FBS and penicillin/streptomycin. Cell lines were screened for mycoplasma contamination by DAPI staining and PCR.
Antibodies used in this article were as follows: α-actinin 1 (Santa Cruz; sc-1782, and Abcam; ab68194), α-actinin 4 (Abcam; ab108198), Dyn2 (purification described previously; Henley et al., 1998 ), GAPDH (Cell Signaling; D16H11), GST (Santa Cruz; sc-138), GFP (Roche), His epitope tag (Cell Signaling; 27E8), and cortactin (Cao et al., 2003 (link)). Actin was stained using phalloidin-tetramethylrhodamine or phalloidin–Alexa Fluor 647 (Sigma).
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4

Versatile Western Blot Protocol

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For Western blot analysis, 10 μg of protein were loaded on NuPAGE Novex 4–12% bis-tris Gels (Invitrogen) and processed as described (32 (link)). The following antibodies were used: rabbit anti-FGFR1 (1:500; no. 9740, Cell Signaling Technology), goat anti-OSMRβ (1:500; AF662, R&D Systems), mouse anti-myotrophin (1:500; 611830, BD), rabbit anti-GAPDH (1:5000; no. 2118, Cell Signaling Technology), rabbit anti-pERK (1:500; no. 9101, Cell Signaling Technology), mouse anti-panERK (1:500; 612641, BD), rabbit anti-ACTN1 (1:1000; ab68194, Abcam), rabbit anti-ACTN4 (1:1000; ab108198, Abcam), mouse anti-αSMA (1:1000; A5228, Sigma-Aldrich), rabbit anti–hexokinase I (1:1000; no. 2024, Cell Signaling Technology), mouse anti-MAD2 (1:1000; 610679, BD), mouse anti-Myh (1:1000; LS-B6307, LSBio), mouse anti-myomesin (1:100; clone M5, gift of H. M. Eppenberger), mouse anti-PCNA (1:1000; 555566, Bionity), rabbit anti–phospho–Histone H3 (Ser10) (1:1000; no. 9701, Cell Signaling Technology), rabbit anti–phospho-MEK1/2 (1:1000; no. 3958, Cell Signaling Technology), mouse anti–Ral A (1:5000; 610222, BD), rabbit anti-RUNX1 (1:1000; ab92336, Abcam), rabbit anti-SDHA (1:1000; no. 5839, Cell Signaling Technology), mouse anti-TIMP1 (1:1000; MAB9801, R&D Systems), and anti-goat Alexa Fluor 594 (1:1000; A-21468, Invitrogen).
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5

Characterization of Pancreatic Cancer Cell Lines

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MIA PaCa-2 and CFPAC-1 human pancreatic cancer cell lines were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection. Dan-G human pancreatic cancer cells were provided by Daniel Billadeau (Mayo Clinic). The 6741 human patient–derived xenograft (PDX) cells were isolated from pancreatic tumors implanted in nude mice as described previously (Sagar et al., 2016 (link)) and were provided by the Mayo Clinic SPORE in Pancreatic Cancer. Tissues were collected from surgical resections for research purposes with written informed consent and were deidentified before use in research, and their use was approved by the Mayo Clinic Institutional Review Board (IRB). HPDE normal pancreas cells were obtained from Daniel Billadeau (Mayo Clinic). All cell lines were cultured in DMEM with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and penicillin/streptomycin, except HPDE cells, which were maintained Keratinocyte-SFM with epidermal growth factor, bovine pituitary extract, and penicillin/streptomycin and regularly screened for mycoplasma by 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining and PCR.
Antibodies used in this paper were α-actinin 1 (Santa-Cruz: sc1782 and Abcam: ab68194), α-actinin 4 (Abcam: ab108198), GAPDH (Cell Signaling: D16H11), Ki-67 (Cell Signaling: 12202), and p-ERK (Cell Signaling: 4377).
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6

Protein Expression Analysis of Cellular Processes

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Total protein was extracted from cells in each group and detected using BCA Protein Assay Kit (Solarbio: PC0020), followed by adding with 5×electrophoretic sample-loading buffer and placing in a metal bath (100° C) for 10 min. Afterwards, the protein was loaded (30 μg/well), subjected to SDS-PAGE (spacer gel: 80V/40 min; separation gel: 110V/60 min), and transferred onto a PVDF membrane (300 mA). Subsequently, the membrane was blocked with 5% skim milk (OXOID: LP0031B) and incubated with primary antibodies against SFRP1 (Abcam: ab267466, concentration: 1: 1,000), matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) (Abcam: ab92536, concentration: 1: 1,000), MMP9 (Abcam: ab76003, concentration: 1: 1,000), Ki-67 (Abcam: ab16667, concentration: 1: 1,000), α-actinin (Abcam: ab68194, concentration:1:1000) and GAPDH (Abcam: ab181603, concentration:1:10000) at 4° C overnight. After washing, secondary antibodies (Abcam: ab97080, concentration: 1: 5,000) were added, followed by incubation for 1 h, washing and color development with ECL kit. Finally, the statistical analysis was carried out.
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7

Quantification of Actin-associated Proteins

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For western blot analysis, 10% of total IP lysate was used. Primary antibodies recognizing ACTN1 (ab68194), ACTN4 (ab108198), MYH9 (ab75590) from Abcam were used. After incubation with the rabbit secondary antibodies, protein signals were developed using HRP.
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