The following reagents, materials, and substances were employed. For the absorber layer, regioregular P3HT (Poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) 99.995% purity, PCBM ([6 (link),6 (link)]-Phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester >99 % purity, and chlorobenzene (C6H5Cl) 98.9 % purity, all from Sigma-Aldrich. For the substrate a commercial PET/ITO (polyethylene terephthalate film, Indium tin oxide coated) foil from Sigma-Aldrich. For metallic cathode, commercial silver pellets with 92.5 % purity. For cleaning, deionized water, acetone, methyl, and ethyl alcohol, all from Sigma-Aldrich.
Regioregular p3ht
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in Japan
Regioregular P3HT is a type of semiconducting polymer material used in various laboratory applications. It is characterized by a high degree of regioregularity, which refers to the consistent orientation of the side chains along the polymer backbone. This property contributes to the material's desirable electronic and optical properties.
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Lab products found in correlation
Acetone, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Chloroform, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Pvdf hfp, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Fibronectin, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Ethyl alcohol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Phenyl c61 butyric acid methyl ester, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Chlorobenzene c6h5cl, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
2 propanol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
1 ethyl 3 methylimidazolium bis trifluoromethylsulfonyl imide emim tfsi, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Piperazine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Sylgard 184 silicone elastomer kit pdms, by Dow (1 mentions)
Isopropyl alcohol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Gold chloride trihydrate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Anhydrous dcm, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
3 aminopropyltriethoxysilane aptes, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Acetone, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Cyclohexanone, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Triton x 100 x100, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Pdms rubber sylgard 184 silicone elastomer kit, by Dow (1 mentions)
Fibronectin from bovine plasma, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
11 protocols using regioregular p3ht
1
Organic Photovoltaic Device Fabrication
2
Fabrication of Organic Semiconductor Devices
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Processing solvents such as acetone, chloroform, and 2-propanol were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Regioregular P3HT (Mn: 54,000–75,000, lot number: MKCK1947), PVdF-HFP (Mn: 110,000), and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (EMIM:TFSI) ionic liquid were also purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. The azide crosslinker bis(6-((4-azido-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzoyl)oxy) hexyl)decanedioate was synthesized as previously reported42 (link). P3HT solution was prepared by dissolving P3HT in concentrations of 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, and 13 mg mL−1 in chloroform for obtaining P3HT organic channels of various thicknesses. After being stirred on a hot plate for 5 h at 50 °C, the P3HT solution was blended with the azide crosslinker (5 mg mL−1 in chloroform) in a 4:1 ratio. Ion-gel solution was prepared by mixing the EMIM:TFSI ionic liquid, PVdF-HFP, and acetone solvent in a 4:1:7 ratio. The ion-gel solution was stirred at 50 °C for 5 h before use.
3
Organic Photovoltaic Device Fabrication
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Piperazine, NAP, BAP, regioregular P3HT (Mn 30 000–60 000), Triton-X
100, and 1,2-dichlorobenzene (DCB) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.
2-Propanol (IPA) and ethanol were purchased from Kanto Chemical Co.
PEDOT:PSS dispersion in water (Clevios P) (1.3 wt %) was purchased
from H.C. Starck. PCBM was purchased from Frontier Carbon. ITO substrates
(sheet resistance = 10 Ω sq–1) and Au wires
were purchased from Furuuchi Chemical Corporation. Quartz substrates
were purchased from Iiyama Precision Glass Co., Ltd. ITO layers (10
Ω sq–1) on the quartz substrates were fabricated
by Geomatec Co., Ltd. Masking tape E-MASK TP200 was provided from
Nitto Denko. Lamination film Cellel F1550H was purchased from Kureha
Extech.
100, and 1,2-dichlorobenzene (DCB) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.
2-Propanol (IPA) and ethanol were purchased from Kanto Chemical Co.
PEDOT:PSS dispersion in water (Clevios P) (1.3 wt %) was purchased
from H.C. Starck. PCBM was purchased from Frontier Carbon. ITO substrates
(sheet resistance = 10 Ω sq–1) and Au wires
were purchased from Furuuchi Chemical Corporation. Quartz substrates
were purchased from Iiyama Precision Glass Co., Ltd. ITO layers (10
Ω sq–1) on the quartz substrates were fabricated
by Geomatec Co., Ltd. Masking tape E-MASK TP200 was provided from
Nitto Denko. Lamination film Cellel F1550H was purchased from Kureha
Extech.
4
Fabrication and Characterization of P3HT-based Organic Thin Films
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Regioregular P3HT (99.995% purity, Mn 54.000–75.000 molecular weight) was purchased from Sigma Aldrich; PCBM (99.5% purity) was purchased from Nano-C; Microposit® S1813 photoresist was purchased from Shipley. All materials were used without any further purification. The samples for cell cultures and surface potential measurements were prepared by spin-coating on square 18×18 mm2 glass (VWR) or glass/ITO (10 Ω/sq, from NanoCS) substrates, carefully rinsed in successive ultrasonic baths of nanopure water, acetone and isopropanol. P3HT and P3HT:PCBM (1:1 wt) solutions were prepared in chlorobenzene at a final P3HT concentration of 20 g/l. They were spin-coated on the cleaned substrates with a two-steps recipe: i) 3 s at 800 rpm, ii) 60 s at 1600 rpm. All films were thermally treated in an oven at 120°C for 2 h for annealing and sterilization. To promote adhesion, samples for cell cultures were coated with fibronectin (from bovine plasma, Sigma Aldrich) at a concentration of 2 μg/ml in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) for at least 30 min at 37°C and then rinsed with PBS.
5
Polymer Thin Film Preparation for Cell Culture
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Regioregular P3HT (99.995% purity; Mn 54,000 to 75,000 molecular weight) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and used without any further purification. The samples for cell cultures were prepared by spin coating on a square 18 mm by 18 mm glass (VWR International) substrates carefully rinsed in subsequent ultrasonic baths of ultrapure water, acetone, and isopropanol. P3HT solution was prepared in chlorobenzene at a final P3HT concentration of 20 g/liter and spin coated on the cleaned substrates with a two-step recipe: (i) 3 s at 800 rpm and (ii) 60 s at 1600 rpm. Polymer film thickness is about 150 nm.
Microposit S1813 photoresist was purchased from Shipley and used without any further purification. Photoresist thin films were prepared by spin coating on cleaned substrates with a two-step recipe: (i) 3 min at 300 rpm and (ii) 30 s at 2600 rpm. Parameters were adjusted to obtain homogeneous films and similar optical absorbance to the one of the polymer thin films, at the same excitation wavelength used in the long-term stimulation protocol (see below). All films were thermally treated in an oven at 120°C for 2 hours for annealing and sterilization. To promote adhesion, samples were coated with fibronectin (from bovine plasma; Sigma-Aldrich) at a concentration of 2 mg/ml in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for at least 30 min at 37°C and then rinsed with PBS.
Microposit S1813 photoresist was purchased from Shipley and used without any further purification. Photoresist thin films were prepared by spin coating on cleaned substrates with a two-step recipe: (i) 3 min at 300 rpm and (ii) 30 s at 2600 rpm. Parameters were adjusted to obtain homogeneous films and similar optical absorbance to the one of the polymer thin films, at the same excitation wavelength used in the long-term stimulation protocol (see below). All films were thermally treated in an oven at 120°C for 2 hours for annealing and sterilization. To promote adhesion, samples were coated with fibronectin (from bovine plasma; Sigma-Aldrich) at a concentration of 2 mg/ml in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for at least 30 min at 37°C and then rinsed with PBS.
6
Fabrication of Flexible Hybrid Electronics
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Anhydrous DCM (>99.8%), acetone (>99.9%), isopropyl alcohol (IPA; >99.5%), PU pellets, regioregular P3HT, liquid metal (eutectic gallium-indium), gold chloride trihydrate (HAuCl4·3H2O; >99.9%), and anhydrous ammonia (NH4OH; 28%) were all purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and used as received. The PDMS silicone elastomer kit (Sylgard 184) was from Dow Corning. AgNW solution (1 weight % in IPA; average diameter, 90 nm; length, 40 μm) was purchased from Zhejiang Kechuang Advanced Materials. Pressure-sensitive rubber sheets (ZL45.1) and conductive rubber pastes (FL45) were from Zoflex.
7
Organic Photovoltaic Material Preparation
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Ag flakes (10 µm size, 99.9% trace metals basis, 327077), regioregular P3HT (445703), tetrahydronaphthalene (522651), cyclohexanone (398241), Triton X-100 (X100), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([EMIM][TFSI], >98%), poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP, 427160), and (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES, 440140) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich and used without further modification. PEDOT:PSS (PH 1000) was from Ossila Limited. Acetone was from Fisher Chemical. PDMS rubber (Sylgard 184 Silicone Elastomer Kit) was from Dow Corning.
8
Fabrication of P3HT Thin Films for Cell Cultures
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Regio-regular P3HT (99.995% purity, Mn 54.000–75.000 molecular weight) was purchased from Sigma Aldrich. All materials were used without any further purification. The samples for cell cultures were prepared by spin-coating on square 18 × 18 mm2 glass (VWR) substrates, carefully rinsed in subsequent ultrasonic baths of ultrapure water, acetone and isopropanol. P3HT solution was prepared in chlorobenzene at a final P3HT concentration of 20 g/l, and spin-coated on the cleaned substrates with a two-steps recipe: i) 3 s at 800 rpm, ii) 60 s at 1600 rpm. All films were thermally treated in an oven at 120 °C for 2 h for annealing and sterilization. To promote adhesion, samples were coated with fibronectin (from bovine plasma, Sigma Aldrich) at a concentration of 2 mg/ml in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) for at least 30 min at 37 °C and then rinsed with PBS.
9
Fabrication of Flexible Optoelectronic Devices
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The gold ink, DryCure Au-J 1010B (10 cps, 10 wt%), was obtained from C-INK Co., Ltd, and used as it is, being stored in an ambient environment. The poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate) (PEN) substrate (125 μm thick) was purchased from Du Pont. Commercial tattoo paper (Tattoo 2.1) was obtained from The Magic Touch Ltd. Ethylcellulose powder (48.0–49.5% (w/w) ethoxyl basis) was provided by Sigma Aldrich. Regioregular P3HT (regioregularity >99%; MW = 17.5 kDa) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and used as received without any further purification. s-SWCNTs were extracted from CoMoCAT raw carbon nanotubes (Chasm Advanced Materials, SG65i-L58) via selective polymer wrapping with poly[(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-alt-(6,6′-(2,2′-bipyridine))] (PFO-BPy, American Dye Source, M_W = 40 kg mol−1). p(NDI-C4-TEGMe-T2) was synthetized according to the procedure reported elsewhere.43,50 (link) Chitosan (low molecular weight), glycerol and the AgNP ink (Silverjet DGP-40LT-15C) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich.
10
Characterization of Organic Semiconductors
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Regioregular P3HT (Sigma-Aldrich) has a molecular weight (M w ) of 115-135 kDa. PTB7 was purchased from Ossila, batch M216, M w = 78 kDa. PBDB-T was purchased from Ossila, batch M1002 (M w = 70 kDa). Pluronic® F127 ( powder, BioReagent), Phosphate-Buffered Saline (PBS) tablets, penicillin and streptomycin were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.
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