Cells (2 × 104 cells/well) were seeded on a 96-well plate, grown overnight, and then treated with the acetone extracts and atranorin (ChromaDex, CA, USA) at concentrations of 100 g/mL to 0.78 g/mL for 48 h. After incubation with MTT at 37 °C, cells were lysed with DMSO (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, USA) and absorbance was measured at 570 nm.
Atranorin
Manufactured by ChromaDex
Sourced in United States
Atranorin is a natural compound extracted from various lichen species. It functions as an antioxidant and has been studied for its potential applications in research and development.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Copper 2 chloride, by Avantor (4 mentions)
Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Avantor (4 mentions)
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by Avantor (4 mentions)
Acetone, by Avantor (4 mentions)
Sodium carbonate, by Avantor (4 mentions)
Ammonium acetate, by Avantor (4 mentions)
Folin ciocalteu s phenol reagent, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Methanol, by Avantor (2 mentions)
Formic acid, by Avantor (2 mentions)
Folin ciocalteu phenol reagent, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Avantor (1 mentions)
Dichloromethane, by Avantor (1 mentions)
5 protocols using atranorin
1
Acetone Extract and Atranorin Cytotoxicity
2
Isolation and Identification of Lichen Compounds
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Sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, DMSO, acetone, dichloromrthane, methanol, ammonium acetate, copper (II) chloride were purchased from Avantor Performance Materials Poland S.A. (Gliwice, Poland). The Folin-Ciocalteu′s phenol reagent was from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Caperatic acid were isolated and identified in Department of Pharmacognosy of Poznan University of Medical Sciences [23 (link)] (Table S1 ), atranorin and methyl β-orcinolcarboxylate (atraric acid) were purchased from ChromaDex (Los Angeles, CA, USA). All other chemicals were from the Sigma–Aldrich Chemical Co. (Taufkirchen, Germany).
3
Quantification of Lichen Compounds
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Formic acid, hydrochloric acid, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, DMSO, acetone, ammonium acetate, copper (II) chloride were purchased from Avantor Performance Materials Poland S.A. (Gliwice, Poland). The Folin-Ciocalteu′s phenol reagent was from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany), HPLC grade water, HPLC grade acetonitrile, and acetate buffer were from the JT Baker–Avantor Performance Materials B.V. (Deventer, The Netherlands), tannic acid from Roth GmbH (Karlsruhe, Germany).
Physodic acid, the mixture of atranorin and chloroatranorin were isolated and identified in the Department of Pharmacognosy of Poznan University of Medical Sciences [26 (link)]. atranorin was purchased from ChromaDex (Los Angeles, CA, USA). All other chemicals were obtained from Sigma–Aldrich (Taufkirchen, Germany).
Physodic acid, the mixture of atranorin and chloroatranorin were isolated and identified in the Department of Pharmacognosy of Poznan University of Medical Sciences [26 (link)]. atranorin was purchased from ChromaDex (Los Angeles, CA, USA). All other chemicals were obtained from Sigma–Aldrich (Taufkirchen, Germany).
4
Lichen Chemical Characterization Protocol
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The examined lichen (E. prunastri) was manually collected from the maple bark, West Pomeranian, XI 2015, and authenticated by Dr Daria Zarabska-Bożejewicz. A voucher specimen (EPES 2015.11) was deposited in the herbarium of the Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials at Poznan University of Medical Sciences.
Sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, DMSO, acetone, dichloromethane, methanol, ammonium acetate, and copper (II) chloride were purchased from Avantor Performance Materials Poland S.A. (Gliwice, Poland). The Folin-Ciocalteu phenol reagent was from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Evernic acid and (+)-usnic acid were isolated and identified in the Department of Pharmacognosy of Poznan University of Medical Science; atranorin was purchased from ChromaDex (Longmont, CO, USA). All other chemicals were from the Sigma–Aldrich Chemical Co. (Taufkirchen, Germany).
Sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, DMSO, acetone, dichloromethane, methanol, ammonium acetate, and copper (II) chloride were purchased from Avantor Performance Materials Poland S.A. (Gliwice, Poland). The Folin-Ciocalteu phenol reagent was from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Evernic acid and (+)-usnic acid were isolated and identified in the Department of Pharmacognosy of Poznan University of Medical Science; atranorin was purchased from ChromaDex (Longmont, CO, USA). All other chemicals were from the Sigma–Aldrich Chemical Co. (Taufkirchen, Germany).
5
Phytochemical Analysis of Lichen Compounds
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Formic acid, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, DMSO, acetone, ammonium acetate, copper (II) chloride were purchased from Avantor Performance Materials Poland S.A. (Gliwice, Poland). The Folin–Ciocalteu phenol reagent was from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). HPLC grade water, HPLC grade acetonitrile, acetate buffer were from JT Baker–Avantor Performance Materials B.V. (Deventer, The Netherlands), tannic acid from Roth GmbH (Karlsruhe, Germany). Salazinic acid, evernic acid, and (−)-usnic acid were isolated and identified in the Department of Pharmacognosy of Poznan University of Medical Sciences. Atranorin was purchased from ChromaDex ((Los Angeles, CA, USA). All other chemicals were from the Sigma–Aldrich Chemical Co. (Taufkirchen, Germany).
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