Ursodeoxycholate

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United States

Ursodeoxycholate is a chemical compound used in laboratory research. It is a bile acid that is naturally produced in the human body. Ursodeoxycholate is commonly used as a reagent or analytical standard in various scientific applications, such as biochemical and cell biology studies.

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4 protocols using ursodeoxycholate

Bile Acids Standard Protocol

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Standards for primary bile acids cholate (CA) and cheno deoxycholate (CDCA), conjugated primary bile acids glycocholate (GCA), taurocholate (TCA), glycocheno deoxycholate (GCDCA), and taurocheno deoxycholate (TCDCA), secondary bile acids lithocholate (LCA), deoxycholate (DCA), ursodeoxycholate (UDCA), and hyodeoxycholate (HDCA), and conjugated secondary bile acids glycolithocholate (GLCA), taurolithocholate (TLCA), glycodeoxycholate (GDCA), and taurodeoxycholate (TDCA) were purchased from Sigma.

McPherson J., Hu C., Begum K., Wang W., Lancaster C., Gonzales-Luna A.J., Loveall C., Silverman M.H., Alam M.J, & Garey K.W. (2022). Functional and Metagenomic Evaluation of Ibezapolstat for Early Evaluation of Anti-Recurrence Effects in Clostridioides difficile Infection. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 66(8), e02244-21.

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Hepatocyte response to bile acids

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Purified hepatocytes (2 × 10⁵) were plated on collagen-coated 6-well plates and incubated in serum-free Minimum Essential medium (MEM) containing 500 ng/mL insulin (Sigma). After ~2 hours, cells were incubated with or without osteopontin (R&D Systems), chenodeoxycholate, ursodeoxycholate, or taurocholate (Sigma) at various concentrations for 4 days. Triplicate cultures were pooled after cell lysis using Trizol reagent (Life Technologies), followed by total RNA isolation and subsequent qRT-PCR analysis.

Yovchev M.I., Locker J, & Oertel M. (2016). Biliary fibrosis drives liver repopulation and phenotype transition of transplanted hepatocytes. Journal of hepatology, 64(6), 1348-1357.

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Bile Acid Standards for Mass Spectrometry

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A series of bile acid standards, containing cholate (CA), chenodeoxycholate (CDCA), ursodeoxycholate (UDCA), deoxycholate (DCA), lithocholate (LCA), glycocholate (GCA), glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA), glycodeoxycholate (GDCA), taurocholate (TCA), taurodeoxycholate (TDCA), tauroursodeoxycholate (TUDCA), taurohyodexoycholate (THDCA), taurochenodeoxycholate (TCDCA), taurolithocholate (TLCA) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Tauro-β-muricholate (TβMCA) was purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). As internal standard (IS), deoxycholic acid-2,2,4,4-d4 (DCA-d4) were obtained from CDN isotopes (Pointe-Claire, Quebec, Canada). All organic reagents for mass spectrometric analysis were HPLC grade purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). And spexin used for drug treatment was purchased from Phoenix Pharmaceuticals (Belmont, CA, USA). M871 was purchased from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA). SNAP37889 was purchased from Key Organics Ltd (Camelford, Cornwall, UK).

Lin C.Y., Zhao L., Huang T., Lu L., Khan M., Liu J., Zhong L.L., Cai Z.W., Fan B.M., Wong A.O, & Bian Z.X. (2018). Spexin Acts as Novel Regulator for Bile Acid Synthesis. Frontiers in Physiology, 9, 378.

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Immortalized Preadipocyte Differentiation

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The generation of immortalized preadipocytes from the stromal vascular fraction of inguinal white adipose tissue has been reported previously^{31 (link)}. Cells were grown to confluence in culture medium comprising Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (4.5 g/l glucose, GE Healthcare Bio-Sciences), 20% fetal bovine serum (Life Technologies), 20 nM insulin and 1 nM T3. Adipocyte differentiation was induced by complementing the medium with 250 µM indomethacin, 500 µM isobutylmethylxanthine and 2 µg/ml dexamethasone for 24 hours after confluence. During six days of differentiation, the medium was supplemented or not (control) with one of the following compounds (each at 20 µM): rosiglitazone (Biomol), cholate, glycodeoxycholate, urso deoxycholate, tauro deoxycholate, cheno deoxycholate, taurocholate, deoxycholate, taurourso deoxycholate, taurocheno deoxycholate, glyocholate (all Sigma-Aldrich) or tauro-beta-muricholate (Santa Cruz). Primary brown adipocytes were isolated, cultured and differentiated from the stromal vascular fraction of interscapular BAT of male 129S6/SvEvTac mice as described previously^{13 (link)}.

Fromme T., Hüttinger K., Maurer S., Li Y., Gantert T., Fiamoncini J., Daniel H., Westphal S, & Klingenspor M. (2019). Bile acid supplementation decreases body mass gain in C57BL/6J but not 129S6/SvEvTac mice without increasing energy expenditure. Scientific Reports, 9, 131.

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