All scans were performed using the same imaging protocol on 1.5 T CMR scanners from three major vendors: Philips Medical Systems, Best, The Netherlands (Achieva, n = 424); General Electric Medical Systems, Waukesha, Wisconsin, USA (total, n = 138; Signa Genesis, n = 11; Signa Excite, n = 127), Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany (total, n = 197; Sonata, n = 5; Avanto, n = 62; Symphony, n = 1; Verio, n = 3; NA, n = 126). The external testing dataset was acquired on 1.5 T CMR scanner (Achieva, Philips Healthcare). Each patient dataset included breath-hold electrocardiogram (ECG)-gated bSSFP cine sequences of short-axial slices acquired with the following parameters: TR = 2.5–3.6 ms, TE = 1.1–1.7 ms, flip angle = 39°–60°, 17–30 cardiac phases, pixel resolution = 0.6–1.4 mm, slice thickness = 8–10 mm, slice gap = 8–10 mm, and bandwidth = 920–1150 Hz. In addition to bSSFP cine images, each patient dataset included LGE dataset that was used only for identifying presence of myocardial scar as described below.
Signa excite
Manufactured by Siemens
Sourced in United States, Germany
The Signa Excite is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system developed by Siemens. It is designed to capture high-quality images of the body's internal structures. The Signa Excite utilizes a powerful magnetic field and radio frequency waves to generate detailed visualizations that can assist healthcare professionals in diagnosis and treatment.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
5 protocols using signa excite
1
Multivendor Cardiac MRI Imaging Protocol
2
Standardized CMR Imaging Protocol for Infarct Assessment
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The patients underwent CMR imaging on 1.5T (Siemens models: Aera, Avanto, Espree, Sonata, SonataVision and Symphony; Philips models: Achieva and Intera; GE models: Signa excite) or 3T (Siemens Verio) clinical scanners within 10 days after infarct following a standardized protocol6 (link),23 (link),24 (link), that includes ECG-gated balanced steady-state free precession sequences (TR = 3.573 ms; TE median of 1.786 (1.649—1.786) ms; Flip angle = 60°) and T1-weighted LGE images. All sequences were acquired in horizontal and vertical long-axis views as well as continuous short-axis (SAx) stacks capturing the whole LV (Pixel size: 1.25 (1.25—1.48) mm; Spacing between SAx: 8.00 (8.00–8.00) mm). Ventricular volumes and infarct characteristics were determined in sequential SAx by blinded clinicians6 (link),24 (link), via dedicated software cmr4227 . Standard thresholding techniques were applied to assess IS and MVO, as explained in6 (link),24 (link).
3
Breast MRI for Invasive Ductal and Lobular Carcinoma
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Patients with confirmed histopathological reports of IDC (30) and ILC (28) from the Duke breast cancer MRI data set of the cancer imaging archive (TCIA) were included in this study
18
,19 (link)
(underlying data).
20 (link)
Sample size for the study was calculated using the formula of sensitivity and specificity for diagnostic test accuracy based on sensitivity and specificity and area under the curve.
The MRI breast dataset (IDC and ILC) used for this study is publicly available online at
https://wiki.cancerimagingarchive.net/ ;
https://doi.org/10.7937/TCIA.e3sv-re93 ). The Duke breast cancer dataset is composed of a retrospectively collected cohort of 922 biopsy-confirmed invasive breast cancer patients from a single institution (Duke Hospital, Durham, North Carolina, USA) with preoperative MRI from January 1, 2000 to March 23, 2014. The images were acquired using 1.5 Tesla GE (Signa Excite, Signa HDxt) and Siemens (Avanto) MRI scanners. The mean age (years) of the patients with IDC and ILC was 48 ± 11.15 and 59 ± 11 years, respectively. Demographic characteristics are shown in
Table 1 . Axial T1 dynamic post-contrast (DCE) sequence (gadolinium-based contrast of 15–20 ml) was performed using the image acquisition parameters listed in
Table 2 .
18
,19 (link)
(underlying data).
20 (link)
Sample size for the study was calculated using the formula of sensitivity and specificity for diagnostic test accuracy based on sensitivity and specificity and area under the curve.
The MRI breast dataset (IDC and ILC) used for this study is publicly available online at
4
Rare Tumor MRI Imaging Protocols
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Because these tumors are extremely rare (less than 1/100,000), patients were sometimes referred to our tertiary center after initial imaging was obtained. The pre-treatment MRIs obtained on these patients were usually obtained on a variety of MRI scanners, using several different MR sequences and parameters. We focused on T1 sequences because this was the most available sequence (all tumor imaging MRI protocols had T1 sequences without fat saturation).
Pre-treatment MRIs were performed using either 0.6 T (Fonar Corp), 1.2 T (Hitachi Oasis), 1.5 T (Siemens Magnetom Espree; Siemens Avanto; General Electric Medical Systems Optima; General Electric Medical Systems Signa Excite) or 3 T (Siemens Verio; Siemens Symphony) systems. T1-weighted sequences were as follows: 0.6 T (repetition time (TR) 414 ms, echo time (TE) 20 ms, slice thickness 5 mm, interslice gap 0 mm, acquisition matrix 1024 × 200); 1.2 T (TR 545, TE 12, slice thickness 4 mm, interslice gap 1 mm, acquisition matrix 256 × 192); 1.5 T (TR 400–600 ms, TE 10–20 ms, slice thickness 3–5 mm, interslice gap 0.5–1 mm) and 3 T (TR 560–700 ms, TE 9–23 ms, slice thickness 4–6 mm, interslice gap 1–1.5 mm, and acquisition matrix 256–320 × 204–224).
Pre-treatment MRIs were performed using either 0.6 T (Fonar Corp), 1.2 T (Hitachi Oasis), 1.5 T (Siemens Magnetom Espree; Siemens Avanto; General Electric Medical Systems Optima; General Electric Medical Systems Signa Excite) or 3 T (Siemens Verio; Siemens Symphony) systems. T1-weighted sequences were as follows: 0.6 T (repetition time (TR) 414 ms, echo time (TE) 20 ms, slice thickness 5 mm, interslice gap 0 mm, acquisition matrix 1024 × 200); 1.2 T (TR 545, TE 12, slice thickness 4 mm, interslice gap 1 mm, acquisition matrix 256 × 192); 1.5 T (TR 400–600 ms, TE 10–20 ms, slice thickness 3–5 mm, interslice gap 0.5–1 mm) and 3 T (TR 560–700 ms, TE 9–23 ms, slice thickness 4–6 mm, interslice gap 1–1.5 mm, and acquisition matrix 256–320 × 204–224).
5
Comprehensive Limb Muscle MRI Analysis
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Lower limb muscle MRI was performed on the proband (II-5) and his available family members using a 3.0T MR scanner (Signa Excite, Siemens, Germany). T2-weighted (TR: 4000–6800 ms; TE: 76–89 ms; slice thickness: 5 mm; interslice gap: 4–6 mm) and T1-weighted imaging (TR: 500–689 ms; TE: 9–20 ms; slice thickness: 4–5 mm; interslice gap: 4–5 mm) was used to identify affected muscles, fatty degenerative changes, and muscle edema.
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