PAs such
as senecionine, senecionine N-oxide,
retrorsine, retrorsine N-oxide, seneciphylline, seneciphylline N-oxide, jacoline, jacoline N-oxide, jaconine,
merenskine N-oxide (isomer of jaconine N-oxide), jacobine, jacobine N-oxide, erucifoline,
and erucifoline N-oxide were purchased from Phytoplan
(Heidelberg, Germany) or in the case of riddelliine and riddelliine N-oxide from Oskar Tropitzsch (Marktredwitz, Germany). Methanol
and water (both LC–MS grade) were purchased from Merck KGA
(Darmstadt, Germany). Ingredients of the in vitro incubation buffer
were obtained from Carl Roth (Karlsruhe, Germany). All chemicals obtained
were of the highest purity that was commercially available.
as senecionine, senecionine N-oxide,
retrorsine, retrorsine N-oxide, seneciphylline, seneciphylline N-oxide, jacoline, jacoline N-oxide, jaconine,
merenskine N-oxide (isomer of jaconine N-oxide), jacobine, jacobine N-oxide, erucifoline,
and erucifoline N-oxide were purchased from Phytoplan
(Heidelberg, Germany) or in the case of riddelliine and riddelliine N-oxide from Oskar Tropitzsch (Marktredwitz, Germany). Methanol
and water (both LC–MS grade) were purchased from Merck KGA
(Darmstadt, Germany). Ingredients of the in vitro incubation buffer
were obtained from Carl Roth (Karlsruhe, Germany). All chemicals obtained
were of the highest purity that was commercially available.