Infinity tr22421

We performed intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests (ipGTT) (2 g/kg) after an overnight fast, and intraperitoneal insulin tolerance tests (0.75 units/kg) after a 5-hour fast [67 (link),69 (link)]. Glucose was measured from the tail vein using OneTouch (One Touch Ultra, Bayer). We measured serum insulin by ELISA (Mercodia #10-1247-01). We performed hyperglycemic glucose clamps [21 (link)] and measured body composition as described [70 ]. For hyperglycemic clamps, we placed an indwelling intravenous catheter in the right jugular vein at least 1 week before the clamp. We inserted a polyurethane catheter (PU 10) filled with saline solution containing heparin (10 U/mL) into the target vessel. The catheter was tunneled through the back of the neck and placed under the back skin. A silk suture was tied to the catheter, and a small opening was made at the back of the neck. This partially exposed suture was removed on the day of the clamp. Thereafter, a continuous glucose infusion was adjusted to achieve a target glycemia of 300 mg/dL for at least 60 min. We measured non-esterified FAs with HR Series NEFA-HR (2) (Wako Pure Chemicals) and triglycerides with Infinity #TR22421 (ThermoFisher).

Serum FGF-19 (#RAB0540; Millipore) and serum LPS (#LS-F17912-1; LSBio) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits following the manufacturer’s instructions. Serum triglycerides and cholesterol were quantified using commercially available kits (Infinity #TR22421 and #TR13421, respectively; ThermoFisher).