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22 protocols using 2 hydroxyethyl acrylate

1

Characterization of Block Copolymer Composition

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Tetrahydrofurane (THF), N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF), Methanol, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) and styrene (S) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and were used as received. (N-tert-butyl-N-(1′-diethylphosphono-2,2′-dimethylpropyl)-O-(2-carboxyl-prop-2-yl) (MAMA-SG1) alkoxyamine initiator (registered as trademark BlocBuilder by Arkema) and N-tert-butyl-N-(1′-diethylphosphono-2,2′-dimethylpropyl) (SG1, 85%) free nitroxide were provided by Arkema and were used as received.
The chemical structure and composition of the block copolymer was investigated by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. NMR experiments were performed with a Bruker Avance III 400 MHz Nanobay spectrometer. 1H NMR spectra were recorded at a frequency of 400 MHz with a 11.3 μs 30° pulse, a repetition time of 4 s and 16 scans. NMR chemical shifts were reported in standard format as values in ppm relative to deuterated solvents. Infrared analysis was carried out using a Perkin Elmer Spectrum 2 equipped with a single reflection diamond module (ATR). IR spectrum was recorded in the 400–4000 cm−1 range, at 4 cm−1 resolution.
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2

Synthesis of Functional Polymer Materials

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Monomers N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA), N-acryloylmorpholine (NAM), and 2-hydroxyethylacrylate (HEA) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and deinhibited prior to use by passing them over monomerthyl ether hydroquinone (MEHQ) inhibitor removal resin. 4-cyano-4 [(dodecylsulfanylthiocarbonyl) sulfanyl]pentanoic acid, glucose oxidase (GOx) from Aspergillus Niger, glucose, potassium hydroxide, carbon disulfide, acetic acid, and 2-bromo-2-methylpropionic acid were purchased from Sigma, whereas zinc tetraphenylporphyrin, 1-propanethiol, and VA-044 were purchased from Fisher Scientific. Dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and hexanes were purchased from VWR.
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3

Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles: A Versatile Protocol

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Ferric chloride hexahydrate (Loba Chemie), ferrous sulphate heptahydrate (SRL), aqueous ammonia (SRL), oleic acid (Merck), divinyl benzene (Sigma-Aldrich), styrene (Sigma-Aldrich), benzoyl peroxide (Alfa Aeser), 2-acryloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride (Sigma-Aldrich), 2-hydroxyethylacrylate (Sigma-Aldrich), liquid ammonia (SRL), chloroauric acid (Sigma-Aldrich), copper bromide (Sigma-Aldrich), polyethylene glycol (PEG (M.wt-4000)) (SRL), 1,10 phenanthroline (Sd-fine), EDTA (SRL), chloroauric acid (Sigma Aldrich), rhodamine-B (Sigma-Alrich) and sodium borohydride (SRL) were used as such. All the chemicals were of analytical grade with >90% purity. Solvents like methanol (SRL), acetone (SRL), ethanol (SRL), diethylether (SRL), dichloromethane (SRL) and DD water were also used.
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4

Synthesis and Characterization of Dental Composites

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Acrylic acid, methAcrylic acid, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate, 3,4-dichloromalealdehydic acid, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, toluene, ethyl acetate, sodium chloride, hydrochloric acid, sodium bicarbonate, pentaerythritol, mercaptoacetic acid, 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile, potassium persulfate, itaconic acid, anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and alumina particles with different sizes were received from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (Milwaukee, WI) and used without further purifications. GC Fuji II glass-ionomer cement and the corresponding glass powders were supplied by GC America Inc (Alsip, IL).
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5

Photocured Highly Stretchable Resin

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The resin used in this work was a combination of urethane acrylates [EBECRYL 8413, Allnex, Inc. (North America), Alpharetta, GA, USA], isobornyl acrylate (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (Sigma-Aldrich) in a weight ratio of 1:3:1. Photoinitiator Irgacure 819 and photoabsorber Sudan I were added with 1 and 0.05 weight %, respectively. This formula allows the photocured material to have a high stretchability at low degree of cure (DoC) and high stiffness at high DoC. A more detailed chemical depiction is provided in the fig. S1. The mechanical behaviors of the printed materials at different light intensities were characterized using an electromechanical load frame (C41.103, MTS Systems Corporation, Eden Prairie, MN, USA). The stress-strain curves are shown in fig. S4.
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6

Synthesis and Characterization of Polymeric Drug Delivery System

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All chemical reagents used for the study were of analytical grade or above, purchased from commercial suppliers and used without further purification unless otherwise mentioned. Orlistat (≥98%), N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) and diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA), 2-hydroxyethylacrylate (HEA), 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (EHA), Azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), copper(I) bromide, triethyl amine (Et3N), 1,4-dioxane and RAFT-agent were obtained from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Cell culture media, fetal bovine serum (FBS), antibiotics streptomycin and penicillin (PS) were purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). MDA-MB-231 and SkBR3 breast cancer cell lines, and HeLa ovarian cancer cells were purchased from American type culture collection (ATCC) (Manassas, VA, USA) between 2012 and 2013. MCF10A breast fibroblast cells were purchased American type culture collection (ATCC) (Manassas, VA, USA) in 2015. All cell lines were authenticated by short tandem repeat DNA profiling by Genetica-DNA laboratories (Labcorp, Burlington, NC). The cell lines were used for less than 40 passages. Cell lines were routinely tested for mycoplasma contamination.
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7

Hydrophobic Acrylic PSA Synthesis

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2-Ethylhexyl acrylate (EHA, 98%), isobornyl acrylate (IBOA), 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA, 96%), PVA, HA, and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI, 98%) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Seoul, Korea). Irgacure 184 and darocur TPO (photoinitiators) were purchased from Shinyoung Rad Chem (Seoul, Korea). 1-dodecanethiol (98%), a chain transfer agent, was purchased from Alfa Aesar. SA3000, a commercial acrylic PSA with hydrophobicity (Mw: 700,000–800,000 g/mol, contact angle: 95.19°), was purchased from Samwha Co., (Seoul, Korea) All materials were used without further purification.
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8

Synthesis of Functional Polymer Materials

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Monomers N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA), N-acryloylmorpholine (NAM), and 2-hydroxyethylacrylate (HEA) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and deinhibited prior to use by passing them over monomerthyl ether hydroquinone (MEHQ) inhibitor removal resin. 4-cyano-4 [(dodecylsulfanylthiocarbonyl) sulfanyl]pentanoic acid, glucose oxidase (GOx) from Aspergillus Niger, glucose, potassium hydroxide, carbon disulfide, acetic acid, and 2-bromo-2-methylpropionic acid were purchased from Sigma, whereas zinc tetraphenylporphyrin, 1-propanethiol, and VA-044 were purchased from Fisher Scientific. Dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and hexanes were purchased from VWR.
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9

Electropolishing of Aluminum Foils

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The monomers, butyl methacrylate (BMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) and the initiator, 2,2′-azobis-(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN), were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Madrid, Spain. Monomethyl ether hydroquinone inhibitor present in BMA and HEA was removed by a silica gel column, and the initiator was purified by recrystallization from methanol before use.
Ultrapure aluminum foils (99.999%) from Advent Research Material were cleaned and degreased by sonication into solvents of different polarity (acetone, water and ethanol). Subsequently, an electropolishing process was carried out for 4 min in a solution of perchloric acid (70%)/ethanol (99.9%) (volume ratio 1:4) with constant voltage 20 V at temperature below 10 °C, in order to eliminate irregularities on the aluminum surface.
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10

Covalent Graphene Functionalization Protocol

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The
first stage of covalent graphene functionalization is carried out
by using an ASTEX AX 4500 electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma-assisted
equipment. A comprehensive description of the plasma system can be
found elsewhere.45 (link) During functionalization,
the chamber pressure is 5.4 × 10–2 mbar, and
the plasma power is 200 W. HOPG purchased from Tip Nano OÚ
and Si/SiOx wafer-supported CVD graphene purchased from Graphenea
Inc. are used as substrates. The p-aminophenol (p-AP) powder precursor is purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (H2NC6H4OH ≥ 98%), and H2 is used as a gas carrier. The second stage of functionalization
and the final step to build up the hybrid material is carried out
in an oven with a constant nitrogen flow. The monomer and initiator,
2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) (96%, contains 200–650 ppm of
monomethyl ether hydroquinone as the inhibitor) and 2,2-azobis(isobutyronitrile)
(AIBN), the reactants used to carry out in situ free-radical (FR)
polymerization on the surface, are purchased and used as received
from Sigma-Aldrich.
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