Hr4000

Manufactured by OceanOptics

Sourced in United States, Japan

The HR4000 is a high-resolution spectrometer from Ocean Optics. It is designed to provide accurate optical measurements across a wide range of applications. The HR4000 features a high-efficiency optical bench and a robust, compact design.

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Lab products found in correlation

Qp400 2 sr, by OceanOptics (2 mentions) Tcldm9, by Thorlabs (2 mentions) Hl 2000 tungsten halogen light, by OceanOptics (2 mentions) Spectra suits, by OceanOptics (2 mentions) R400 7 uv vis, by OceanOptics (2 mentions) Dh 2000 bal, by OceanOptics (2 mentions) Hl 2000, by OceanOptics (2 mentions) Cc 3 uv s, by OceanOptics (1 mentions) Dh 2000 bal lamp, by OceanOptics (1 mentions) Tds 2024, by Tektronix (1 mentions) Thiophenol, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Alpha 300, by WITec (1 mentions) Nacit, by Merck Group (1 mentions) N butyryl l homoserine lactone, by Cayman Chemical (1 mentions) Hpx 2000, by OceanOptics (1 mentions) Tcs sp5, by Leica (1 mentions) Agno3, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Qp450 1 xsr, by OceanOptics (1 mentions) P200 2 uv vis, by OceanOptics (1 mentions) Qe65 pro, by OceanOptics (1 mentions)

Spelling variants of this product

HR4000 spectrometer (15 citations) Ocean Optics HR4000 (3 citations) HR4000 UV-VIS (2 citations) HR4000 CG-UV-NIR spectrometer (2 citations)

69 protocols using hr4000

Optical Characterization of Patterned Microspheres

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A monolayer
of fabricated microspheres was patterned on a piece of clean silicon
wafer. The reflection spectra and corresponding OM images were measured
on the pre-patterned samples in the BF and DF illumination modes,
using a microscope with a 20×/0.4 NA objective integrated with
a white light source (100 W tungsten xenon lamp) with a light spot
size around 1.1 mm in diameter and an Ocean Optics HR4000 visible
fiber optic spectrometer. The reflected light was collected by the
same objective and passed through a multimode fiber (QP450–1-XSR,
Ocean Optics) to the spectrometer with an integrated detector (HR4000,
Ocean Optics). A clean silicon wafer without any patterns was used
as 100% reflection in BF mode. The observed intensities of samples
from the microscope are normalized to the intensity as observed with
a clean piece of silicon wafer without any patterns. The used microscope
uses a higher illumination intensity in the DF mode than that in the
BF mode. The fabricated samples were measured both in ambient air
and hexadecane.

Wang J., Le-The H., Karamanos T., Suryadharma R.N., van den Berg A., Pinkse P.W., Rockstuhl C., Shui L., Eijkel J.C, & Segerink L.I. (2020). Plasmonic Nanocrystal Arrays on Photonic Crystals with Tailored Optical Resonances. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 12(33), 37657-37669.

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Soft Plasma-Jet System for Cell Treatment

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Fig. 1a demonstrates the experimental configuration of the soft plasma-jet system at atmospheric pressure, consisting mainly of a high-voltage power supply, electrodes, and dielectrics. The porous stone used here has a porosity of 30% and a pore diameter of 150 μm; it served, as a dielectric vehicle among stainless steel electrodes to induce micro-discharges and decrease the gas temperature. The output voltage (1.8 kV) and current (15 mA) waveforms have a profile with an average power of 3 W (Fig. 1b). The air gas flow rate was 1 L/min, and the system was operated in open air with across a 1 mm gas hole. During the air plasma operation, the length of the plume was approximately 3–4 mm at a gas flow rate of 1 L/min. Optical emission spectroscopic measurements were taken with a charge-coupled device spectrometer (HR4000, Ocean optics) and optical fiber (QP400-2-SR) with a diameter of 600 μm (Fig. 1c). The distance between the tip of the plasma discharge device and the media surface was fixed at 3 mm and the depth of DMEM is about 4 mm from the upper surface of media (Fig. 1d).

Kaushik N., Uddin N., Sim G.B., Hong Y.J., Baik K.Y., Kim C.H., Lee S.J., Kaushik N.K, & Choi E.H. (2015). Responses of Solid Tumor Cells in DMEM to Reactive Oxygen Species Generated by Non-Thermal Plasma and Chemically Induced ROS Systems. Scientific Reports, 5, 8587.

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Spectral Imaging of Fly Wings

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We narrowed the field of view of a spectrometer (HR4000, Ocean Optics, USA) attached to a cosine corrector (CC-3-UV-S, Ocean Optics, USA), using a Gershun tube constructed of matte black construction paper. The tube extended 5 cm beyond the tip of the cosine corrector and had a 6-mm opening. We positioned decoupled female L. sericata wings as described above, keeping the wing and the aperture of the Gershun tube 2 cm apart. At this distance, the spectrometer’s field of view is limited to an 8-mm radius circle. Through this approach, we could maximize the field of view occupied by the wing. We took radiance spectra of (1) the illuminating 100-watt white-light LED, (2) the reflection from the matt black velvet background behind the wings, and (3) the reflectance of the wing oriented to reflect or (4) to not reflect, light towards the opening of the tube.

Eichorn C., Hrabar M., Van Ryn E.C., Brodie B.S., Blake A.J, & Gries G. (2017). How flies are flirting on the fly. BMC Biology, 15, 2.

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Spectroscopic Analysis of Plasmonic Nanostructures

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The optical properties of the SOAs have been analyzed by far-field transmission spectroscopy in a range between 500 nm and 900 nm. In order to collect appreciable far-field signals from the plasmonic nanostructures, 40 μm × 40 μm size matrices of SOAs were patterned on CaF₂ (100) substrate, employed for its high transparency in visible (VIS) and near-infrared (NIR) region. During the optical characterization, the samples have been illuminated at different incidence angles (θ) with a linearly polarized VIS-NIR (DH-2000-BAL lamp, Ocean Optics) light source, performing optical spectroscopy (HR4000, Ocean Optics) for polarization parallel to the SOA long axis. The optical set-up employed is the same described in Panaro S. et al., ACS Photonics, 1(4), 310-314, (2014) (Supplementary Information, section 3). The sample has been placed on a rotating stage which allowed the spectroscopic investigation at tilted incidence angle.

Saeed A., Panaro S., Zaccaria R.P., Raja W., Liberale C., Dipalo M., Messina G.C., Wang H., De Angelis F, & Toma A. (2015). Stacked optical antennas for plasmon propagation in a 5 nm-confined cavity. Scientific Reports, 5, 11237.

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Optical Spectrum Analysis of Liquid Samples

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The optical spectrum is obtained in the visible and near-IR spectrum (400 to 1100 nm) using an Ocean Optics spectrophotometer (spectrum analyzer Ocean Optics HR +4000) with liquid samples embedded in quartz cuvettes of 1 cm width. A Halogen–Deuterium lamp was explored to illuminate the sample using fiber bundles with standard multimode fiber (62 μm/125 μm) to guide the light to the cuvette and collect the transmitted light to the spectrophotometer.

Farooq S., Wali F., Zezell D.M., de Araujo R.E, & Rativa D. (2022). Optimizing and Quantifying Gold Nanospheres Based on LSPR Label-Free Biosensor for Dengue Diagnosis. Polymers, 14(8), 1592.

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Characterization of Pulsed LED Array

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The pulsing circuit used is shown in Fig. 1a.
The frequency and duty cycle of the optical pulses were set by a 5 V TTL signal from a pulse generator. The duty cycle is the percentage of a period of a waveform during which the signal is high or, in this case, the LED array is on: given by Equation [1], with pulse width, τ, and pulse period, T.

The circuit was used to operate the LED array either continuously (100% duty cycle) or pulsed (25%, 50%, 75% duty cycles), depending upon the TTL input. The LEDs were powered using a voltage in the range of 30–40 V.
The optical output was captured by a photodiode (BPW34 B, OSRAM) used in conjunction with a resistor (Fig. 1b). This setup provided an arbitrary reading of the optical output in millivolts to ensure the optical output remained constant. Absolute intensity was recorded using a radiant power meter (Model-70260; Oriel Instruments) and photodiode detector (Model-1Z02413; Ophir), calibrated at 405 nm, and a spectrometer (Ocean Optics HR4000). Voltage and current waveforms were viewed using a Tektronix TDS 2024 digital storage oscilloscope.

Gillespie J.B., Maclean M., Given M.J., Wilson M.P., Judd M.D., Timoshkin I.V, & MacGregor S.J. (2017). Efficacy of Pulsed 405-nm Light-Emitting Diodes for Antimicrobial Photodynamic Inactivation: Effects of Intensity, Frequency, and Duty Cycle. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery, 35(3), 150-156.

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Optical Fiber Humidity Sensor Development

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Standard communication MMF with a 62.5/125 µm core and cladding diameters, respectively, were used for the development of the OFHS. MMF enables easy coupling of the light launched by a white halogen light source (ANDO AQ-4303B). Light was launched through a 2 × 1 (50:50) splitter in a reflection setup. The other arm of the splitter was connected to an optical spectrometer (HR4000 from OceanOptics), which collects the light reflected from the end facet of a MMF pigtail with the grating on it (Figure 2b). This pigtail was introduced in a climatic chamber (ACS CH 250 from Angelantoni Industries) where several cycles of 20% to 60% relative humidity (RH) were applied while the temperature was kept constant to 25 °C. The RH started at 20%RH and it was increased with a slope of 1.33%RH/min until reaching 60%RH. The same parameters were used for decreasing the RH and there was also an addition final step to stabilize when it reached 20%RH. The experimental setup, and a scheme of the optical structure, are shown in Figure 2.

Ascorbe J., Corres J.M., Arregui F.J, & Matias I.R. (2017). Humidity Sensor Based on Bragg Gratings Developed on the End Facet of an Optical Fiber by Sputtering of One Single Material. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 17(5), 991.

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Laser-Mediated Silver Nanostructure Synthesis

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In a typical laser-deposition, AgNO₃ (2 mM, Sigma-Aldrich) was mixed with an aqueous solution of sodium citrate (NaCit, 0.1 M, Sigma-Aldrich) in a 1:1 molar ratio. A drop of this mixed solution was then placed onto a glass cover slip which was then mounted under a Leica TCS SP5 confocal laser scanning microscope. A 405 nm wavelength diode laser (7 mW) was employed to deposit silver nanostructures at the liquid-substrate interface using a 10× objective lens (NA=0.25). Parameters for the confocal microscope were tuned so that the deposition resulted in a 1mm×1mm square consisting of the silver nanostructures.
Morphology of the laser-deposited silver structures was characterized by using the Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) mode in a Nearfield Scanning Optical Microscope (NSOM, Alpha300, Witec). The absorption spectra were acquired by an optical spectrometer (HR4000, Ocean Optics) using a high power Xenon lamp (HPX-2000, Ocean Optics). Raman spectra of thiophenol (Sigma-Aldrich) and N-butyryl-L-homoserine lactone (Cayman Chemical Company) were acquired through Raman mode in the NSOM utilizing a Nd-YAG laser (532 nm) and 20× objective lens (NA=0.4). The acquisition time was fixed to 10 s.

Culhane K., Jiang K., Neumann A, & Pinchuk A.O. (2017). Laser-Fabricated Plasmonic Nanostructures for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy of Bacteria Quorum Sensing Molecules. MRS advances, 2(42), 2287-2294.

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UV-Vis and Raman Spectroscopy of Colloidal Samples

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Figure 3 shows a detail of the experimental apparatus used to interrogate the liquid samples using UV-Vis as well as Raman spectroscopy. The optical source for UV-Vis extinction spectra (scattering plus absorption) of the colloidal samples is a tungsten halogen lamp (LS-1, Ocean Optics, Dunedin, FL, USA), coupled to the cuvette holder by a 500 µm core diameter optical fiber (Ocean Optics P200-2-UV-VIS). Light emerging from the cuvette is coupled to the spectrometer (Ocean Optics, HR4000, 200–1100 nm composite grating HC-1) by another 200 µm core diameter optical fiber (M25L02, Thorlabs, Newton, NJ, USA), resulting in a resolution of about 6.6 nm. The spectra were recorded using an integration time of 4 ms and 100 averages.

De Góes R.E., Muller M, & Fabris J.L. (2017). Spectroscopic Detection of Glyphosate in Water Assisted by Laser-Ablated Silver Nanoparticles. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 17(5), 954.

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Spectroscopic Characterization of Nanostructured Samples

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To
characterize the anti-reflective and scattering properties of the
nanostructured samples, we have performed far-field spectroscopic
measurements in transmission and reflection configuration. An optical
beam from a white light source (halogen and deuterium lamp DH-2000-BAL,
Mikropak) was coupled to a linear polarizer (Glan-Thompson) through
an optical fiber with a core diameter of 600 μm, which finally
impinged on the sample. Then, the light transmitted or reflected by
the samples has been fiber coupled to the PC-controlled high-resolution
solid-state spectrometer supplied by Ocean Optics (HR4000) operating
in the spectral range of 300–1100 nm. Total transmission and
reflection spectra were collected employing an integrating sphere.
The schematics of the optical measurement configurations are displayed
in Figure S2.

Chowdhury D., Mohamed S.A., Manzato G., Siri B., Chittofrati R., Giordano M.C., Hussein M., Hameed M.F., Obayya S.S., Stadler P., Scharber M.C., Della Valle G, & Buatier de Mongeot F. (2023). Broadband Photon Harvesting in Organic Photovoltaic Devices Induced by Large-Area Nanogrooved Templates. ACS Applied Nano Materials, 6(7), 6230-6240.

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