Explore ct 120

Manufactured by GE Healthcare

Sourced in United States

The EXplore CT 120 is a compact computed tomography (CT) imaging system designed for preclinical research applications. The system provides high-resolution, high-contrast imaging capabilities for small animal studies.

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Lab products found in correlation

Microview, by GE Healthcare (3 mentions) Ingenia, by Philips (1 mentions) Xradia 520 versa, by Zeiss (1 mentions) Iohexol, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions) Isovue 370, by Bracco (1 mentions) Microview 2, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions) 9.4t scanner, by Bruker (1 mentions) Explore speczt, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions)

16 protocols using explore ct 120

Microstructural Bone Density Assessment

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Tissue mineral density (TMD) was measured with microCT at a 50 micron voxel size (eXplore CT 120, GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, USA). A mineral phantom was used for calibration with analysis completed in Microview (version ABA 2.2, GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, USA).

Brock G.R., Chen J.T., Ingraffea A.R., MacLeay J., Pluhar G.E., Boskey A.L, & van der Meulen M.C. (2015). The effect of osteoporosis treatments on fatigue properties of cortical bone tissue. Bone Reports, 2, 8-13.

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Microstructural Analysis of Femoral Bone

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The left femora were harvested, wrapped in saline soaked gauze, and stored in an airtight container at −20 °C. Images of the femoral diaphyseal cross-section were obtained by micro-computed X-ray tomography with a voxel size of 25 μm (eXplore CT 120, GE, Fairfield, CT, USA; 80 kVp, 32 μA, 100 ms integration time). A Gaussian filter (radius = 1) was used to remove noise, and a global threshold was used to segment mineralized tissue from surrounding nonmineralized tissue. Cross-sectional geometry of the mid-diaphyseal cortical bone was determined using a volume of interest extending 2.5% of total bone length and centered midway between the greater trochanter and lateral condyle (BoneJ, version 1.3.3) (Doube et al., 2010 (link); Bouxsein et al., 2010 (link)). Femur length was measured from the greater trochanter to the lateral condyle using digital calipers.

Castaneda M., Smith K.M., Nixon J.C., Hernandez C.J, & Rowan S. (2021). Alterations to the gut microbiome impair bone tissue strength in aged mice. Bone Reports, 14, 101065.

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Measuring Bone Mineral Density Using microCT

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Tissue mineral density (TMD) was measured with microCT at a 50 μm voxel size (eXplore CT 120, GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, USA). A mineral phantom was used for calibration with analysis completed in Microview (version ABA 2.2, GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, USA).

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Non-contrast Aortic MRA and Vascular Imaging

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Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) was performed on human subjects at the University of Michigan Medical Center. These exams were performed on 3T MRI scanners (Ingenia, Philips, Best, Netherlands) using a 32-channel torso coil. A non-contrast MRA was performed spanning the thoraco-abdominal aorta using a 3D balanced turbo field echo sequence with navigator-based respiratory compensation (TE: 1.3 ms, TR: 4.3 ms, resolution: 0.7 × 0.7 × 1.5 mm).
As described previously (Cuomo et al., 2019 (link)), mice were anesthetized with 1–2% isoflurane and given a bolus intravenous (jugular vein) injection of nanoemulsion formulation (Fenestra VC, MediLumine Inc., Montreal, QC, Canada), at a dose of 0.2 ml/20 g, as a blood-pool contrast agent for prolonged vascular imaging. The animal was immediately placed prone in a micro-CT scanner (eXplore CT120, GE healthcare) for non-gated whole-body scanning. Images were reconstructed as isotropic 49 μm × 49 μm × 49 μm voxels. A relatively constant heart rate (±10%) was achieved by careful maintenance of isoflurane anesthesia and body temperature.

Hopper S.E., Cuomo F., Ferruzzi J., Burris N.S., Roccabianca S., Humphrey J.D, & Figueroa C.A. (2021). Comparative Study of Human and Murine Aortic Biomechanics and Hemodynamics in Vascular Aging. Frontiers in Physiology, 12, 746796.

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3D Fruit Imaging with Micro-CT

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Images of fruit sections or cell/tissue types were generated by hand tracing high-resolution photographs or light microscopy viewed pericarp sections, respectively. To create three-dimensional (3D) images of fruit, including internal structures, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) was used to scan individual fruit at 10, 15, and 20 DPA (14.2, 16.9, and 26.8 μm/voxel resolution, respectively; Zeiss Xradia 520 Versa), and at 30 DPA, MG, Br, and Pk (50 μm/voxel resolution, GE Healthcare eXplore CT-120). Digital radiographs were reconstructed into 3D images using OsiriX software v.5.7 (Pixmeo SARL).

Shinozaki Y., Nicolas P., Fernandez-Pozo N., Ma Q., Evanich D.J., Shi Y., Xu Y., Zheng Y., Snyder S.I., Martin L.B., Ruiz-May E., Thannhauser T.W., Chen K., Domozych D.S., Catalá C., Fei Z., Mueller L.A., Giovannoni J.J, & Rose J.K. (2018). High-resolution spatiotemporal transcriptome mapping of tomato fruit development and ripening. Nature Communications, 9, 364.

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Multimodal Imaging for Colorectal Cancer

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As a potential strategy to improve the detection of the spatial distribution of fluorescent signal from 3-D fluorescence tomography imaging, multimodality imaging with contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) and FMT imaging was performed on Apc^Min/+ mice. Mice were injected with ProSense 680 probes 24 hours before imaging, as described above. Iodine-based CT contrast agent (iohexol [300 mg-I/mL]; GE Healthcare, Inc, Chicago, IL) was orally gavaged into mice 1.5 hours prior to CT imaging using a total volume of 0.4 mL in 2 separate gavages (30 minutes apart). Each mouse was then placed in the FMT animal cassette and imaged using a microCT scanner (eXplore CT120; GE Healthcare, Inc), followed by 3-D fluorescence imaging in the same cassette. Fiducial marker holders on the animal cassette were filled with contrast agent to facilitate registration between CT and FMT imaging. The CT imaging protocol used 70 keV X-ray energy level, a current of 30 mA, 100 µm isotropic resolution, and total imaging time of 5 minutes. After in vivo imaging, the animal was euthanized, and intestine and colon were dissected for validation by ex vivo fluorescence imaging. The CT images and FMT images were registered based on coregistration of fiducial markers.

Ding S., Blue R.E., Moorefield E., Yuan H, & Lund P.K. (2017). Ex Vivo and In Vivo Noninvasive Imaging of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibition on Colon Tumorigenesis Using Activatable Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probes. Molecular Imaging, 16, 1536012117729044.

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Femoral Bone Microstructural Analysis

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The right femora were harvested, wrapped in saline soaked gauze and stored in an airtight container at −20°C. Images of the femoral diaphyseal cross-section were obtained by micro-computed X-ray tomography with a voxel size of 25 μm (eXplore CT 120, GE, Fairfield, CT, USA; 80 kVp, 32 μA, 100 ms integration time). A Gaussian filter was used to remove noise and a global threshold (determined as the average of those selected by a user across all samples, 1220 HU) was used to segment mineralized tissue from surrounding nonmineralized tissue. Cross-sectional geometry of the mid-diaphyseal cortical bone was determined using a volume of interest extending 2.5% of total bone length^{(3 (link))} and centered midway between the greater trochanter and lateral condyle (BoneJ, version 1.3.3). The total area, cortical cross-sectional area, cortical thickness, marrow area, moment of inertia (I) about the medial-lateral axis (the direction of loading), distance from the neutral axis to the edge of the bone surface (c), and section modulus (I/c) were determined. Geometric measures are reported as original, unadjusted values (values adjusted for body weight are provided in the Supplementary Material^{(20 )}).

Luna M., Guss J.D., Vasquez-Bolanos L.S., Castaneda M., Rojas M.V., Strong J.M., Alabi D.A., Dornevil S.D., Nixon J.C., Taylor E.A., Donnelly E., Fu X., Shea M.K., Booth S.L., Bicalho R, & Hernandez C.J. (2021). Components of the Gut Microbiome that Influence Bone Tissue-Level Strength. Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 36(9), 1823-1834.

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MicroCT Imaging of Anesthetized Animals

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Anesthetized live animals were imaged with a microCT (eXplore CT120, GE Medical Systems). Scanning protocol, shutter speed (325 s); 2 × 2 binning; 120 kV, 40 mA; 720 images; 0.877° increments; gain, 100; and offset, 20. Images were reconstructed and analyzed with MicroView (GE Healthcare). A threshold value and ROI were chosen by visual inspection of images (constant for all groups), and bone volume (BV) was measured.

Min J., Choi K.Y., Dreaden E.C., Padera R.F., Braatz R.D., Spector M, & Hammond P.T. (2016). Designer Dual Therapy Nanolayered Implant Coatings Eradicate Biofilms and Accelerate Bone Tissue Repair. ACS nano, 10(4), 4441-4450.

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Quantifying Osteophyte Volume in Rat Joints

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After fixation and before decalcification, excised rat joints were attached to the bore of a microCT scanner (GE eXplore CT 120) and scanned at .03° angles for a total of 1200 scans over a time period of 1.5 hours. Scans used an 80 kV x-ray potential, 32 mA current, and a 100 ms integration time. Image data sets were reconstructed into regions of interest encompassing single joints using Microview software (Parallax Innovations).
3D positioning data were used to quantify total volume of osteophytes on each joint. 3D DICOM analysis software (Osirix MD) was used by a blinded investigator (BCG) to re-section the images into a uniform frontal plane, perpendicular to an axis tangential to the femoral condyles and tibial plateau in the sagittal plane and an axis bisecting the femoral condyles and tibial plateau in the transverse plane. The blinded investigator then manually outlined osteophytes with regions of interest (ROIs) in each contiguous frontal section. Osteophytes were defined as bone exhibiting both reduced bone mineral density and protrusion from the normal bone contour. The sections were then reconstructed to 3D, and total osteophyte ROI volume was calculated (35 (link), 36 (link)).

Geiger B.C., Wang S., Padera RF J.r., Grodzinsky A.J, & Hammond P.T. (2018). Cartilage Penetrating Nanocarriers Improve Delivery and Efficacy of Growth Factor Treatment of Osteoarthritis. Science translational medicine, 10(469), eaat8800.

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In Vivo Degradation of Metallic Wires

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In vivo degradation of metallic wires was evaluated by high-resolution micro-CT (GE eXplore CT-120) at week 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 after implantation. Animals were anesthetized with 3% isoflurane in 1L/minute oxygen flow and then CT scanning was performed. For enhanced micro-CT, 1 mL 76% Iopamidol (ISOVUE-370, Bracco Diagnostics, USA) was injected through the rat tail vein prior to scanning. For each metallic wire, 100 scanning planes were obtained and only the middle 50 scanning planes were used to calculate the volume of metallic wire. In vivo degradation of metallic wires was defined as a ratio of metallic wire volume at each time point to metallic wire volume before implantation and expressed as a percentage.

Fu J., Su Y., Qin Y.X., Zheng Y., Wang Y, & Zhu D. (2019). Evolution of metallic cardiovascular stent materials: a comparative study among stainless steel, magnesium and zinc. Biomaterials, 230, 119641.

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