Sorbitol

M. oryzae Guy11 was used as the wild-type strain (WT) in this study, and the ΔMosec24B knockout mutant was generated from WT. All strains in this experiment were plated on complete medium (CM) and placed in an incubator at a temperature of 25 or 28°C, where the light-dark cycle was 16 h-light and 8 h-darkness (Beckerman and Ebbole, 1996 (link)). In the pharmacodynamic stress experiment, the strains were separately cultured on CM containing 100 μg/ml calcofluor white (CFW) (Yuanye Bio-Technology Co., Ltd, S26637), 0.004% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) (Sangon Biotech, A100227-0500), 800 μg/ml Congo red (CR) (Sangon Biotech, A600324-0050), 0.6 M NaCl (HuShi, 10019318), 0.6 M KCl (Sangon Biotech, A100395-0500), 1.0 M sorbitol (Sangon Biotech, A100691-0500) for 8 days.
To detect the expression of sporulation-related genes in WT and ΔMosec24B, cultured aerial mycelia were collected from cellophane, and total RNA was extracted and reverse transcribed into cDNA using a reverse transcription kit (TaKaRa, Japan). All primers were designed online by Integrated DNA Technologies and are shown in Table S1.

Trichoderma reesei Δtku70 (ATCC MYA-256), a nonhomologous end joining pathway-deficient strain, was used as the parent strain in this study [52 (link)]. All the other strains constructed in this study are listed in Additional file 8: Table S1. The E. coli strain GB05-dir was used for constructing all the plasmids [53 (link)].
Wheat bran was kindly provided by Longlive Bio-Technology Co., Ltd. (Yucheng, Shandong, China). The p-nitrophenyl-β-d-cellobioside (pNPC) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Uridine, PEG6000, sorbitol, and lactose were purchased from Sangon Biotech Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). KOD FX DNA polymerase (Toyobo Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan) was used for all polymerase chain reaction amplifications. RNAiso™ reagent, PrimeScript^® RT reagent Kit With gDNA Eraser (Perfect Real Time) and SYBR^® Premix Ex Tag™ (Tli RNase H Plus) were purchased from Takara Bio Inc. (Shiga, Japan). The DIG High Prime DNA Labeling and Detection Starter Kit I (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany) was used for Southern blotting analysis. The restriction enzymes Ase I and Xho I used for genome digestion were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. (Waltham, MA, USA). All other chemicals were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China).