Quantification of eventual SDS remaining in Okara Protein Isolate samples was performed with slight modifications of the method described by Žilionis, based on Mukerjee’s photometric method [30 (link)]. Briefly, 100 µL of each sample were incubated with 400 µL of cold acetone (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) for 1 h at −20 °C, then centrifuged 10,000× g 10 min. 125 µL were then transferred and 1 mL of a solution of 10 µg/mL methylene blue (Carlo Erba, Cornaredo, Italy) in 10 mM HCl, 200 µL of CHCl3 were added and the samples were thoroughly vortexed. After 10 min incubation at room temperature, a centrifugation step at 2000 g was performed for 10 min. Samples were left 10 min at room temperature, then 800 µL of the upper aqueous layer were transferred to a plastic cuvette and absorbance read at 655 nm against a blank sample. A standard curve was built with the same procedure with SDS standard solutions at different concentrations between 0.0025% and 0.025%. For each sample, the mean absorbance was subtracted to the mean absorbance of the blank solution to obtain a positive correlation curve. Each sample was measured in triplicate.
Methylene blue
Manufactured by Carlo Erba
Sourced in Italy, France
Methylene blue is a synthetic dye compound used as a laboratory reagent. It is a dark blue crystalline solid with the chemical formula C₁₆H₁₈ClN₃S. Methylene blue is commonly used as an oxidation-reduction indicator, a biological stain, and a coloring agent in various applications.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Acetone, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Polyvinyl alcohol (pva), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Sodium hypophosphite, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Paraquat dichloride hydrate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Crystal violet, by ITW Reagents (1 mentions)
β cyclodextrin, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Citric acid monohydrate, by RCI Labscan (1 mentions)
Graphite powder, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Crystal violet, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Rhodamine 123, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Chitosan, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Sodium chloride (nacl), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Polyethyleneimine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Potassium periodate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
5 protocols using methylene blue
1
Quantification of SDS in Okara Protein
2
Multifunctional Cotton Cord Fabrication
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β-cyclodextrin (Acros Organics, Geel, Belgium), poly (vinyl alcohol) Mw = 89,000–98,000 with 99+% hydrolyzed (Sigma-Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA), citric acid monohydrate (RCI labscan, Bangkok, Thailand), cotton cord (Taisonghuad, Bangkok, Thailand), sodium hypophosphite (Acros Organics, Geel, Belgium), crystal violet (PanReac, Barcelona, Spain), methylene blue (CARLO ERBA Reagents S.A.S., Val de Reuil, France), and paraquat dichloride hydrate (Sigma-Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA) were obtained from commercial sources. Ultrapure water was used for all experiments and other chemicals were analytical grade.
3
Synthesis of Fluorescent Compounds
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Graphite powder, gold acetate, Coumarin-500, crystal violet, eosin, and Rhodamine 123 were purchased from Sigma. Methylene blue was purchased from Carlo Erba (Val-de-Reuil, France). All other chemicals used in this study were of analytical grade.
4
Chitosan-based Hydrogel Synthesis
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Chitosan (MW 50–190 kDa; deacetylation degree: 75–85%), polyethylene imine (MW 25 kDa), potassium periodate, and sodium chloride were obtained from Sigma Aldrich (Dortmund, Germany). Methylene blue was obtained from Carlo Erba Reagent (Val-de-Reuil, France). Polyacrylic acid (PAA) (MW 150–170 kDa) was synthesized using radical polymerization as described in our previous study [21 (link)].
5
Microparticle Injectability: Rheological Properties and Ex-vivo Evaluation
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To evaluate microparticle injectability, their viscous behavior as a function of temperature was estimated using a rotational rheometer (Kinexus series, Malvern Instruments Ltd, Worcestershire, UK), in the following experimental conditions: fixed shear stress value equal to 5•10 -1 Pa, 1 Hz of constant frequency, heating rate equal to 3°C per min, in the range 15-45°C. Values of viscosity at room temperature (25°C) and physiological temperature (37°C) were recorded. Six replicates were tested and results are reported as the average value ± standard deviation.
Ex-vivo injectability tests were also performed to evaluate both the injectability and the adherence of microparticles to the myocardial tissue. A known amount of microparticles, stained with methylene blue (Carlo Erba Reagenti, Italy), was loaded into an insulin syringe with a 26 G needle and PBS was added. After 15 min, once microparticle hydration was reached, the solution was injected into the myocardium of a porcine heart, collected from a local slaughterhouse. The heart was then dissected and the microparticle distribution at the implantation site was evaluated by infrared analysis.
Ex-vivo injectability tests were also performed to evaluate both the injectability and the adherence of microparticles to the myocardial tissue. A known amount of microparticles, stained with methylene blue (Carlo Erba Reagenti, Italy), was loaded into an insulin syringe with a 26 G needle and PBS was added. After 15 min, once microparticle hydration was reached, the solution was injected into the myocardium of a porcine heart, collected from a local slaughterhouse. The heart was then dissected and the microparticle distribution at the implantation site was evaluated by infrared analysis.
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