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Dna rna shield

Manufactured by Zymo Research
Sourced in United States, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom

DNA/RNA Shield is a stabilization solution designed to preserve DNA and RNA from a variety of biological samples at ambient temperature. It inactivates nucleases, bacteria, viruses, and other potential contaminants, ensuring the integrity of the genetic material during collection, transportation, and storage.

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273 protocols using dna rna shield

1

Duckweed and Ambient Water Sampling and Analysis

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Four duckweed genera (Spirodela, Landoltia, Lemna, and Wolffia) and ambient (surrounding) water were collected from drainage ditches in Nakorn Pathom, Thailand (14°00′34.7″ N 99°58′13.3″ E) in June 2021 (Figure S1) in five replicates (duckweeds, n = 20; ambient water, n = 5). Duckweed samples were rinsed three times in sterilized water, transferred to 5 mL centrifuge tubes containing 3 mL of DNA/RNA shieldTM (Zymo Research Corp, Irvine, CA, USA), and immediately stored at −80 °C until used. An amount of 500 milliliters of water samples were passed through sterilized Whatman filter paper, grade 4 (20–25 µm), to get rid of impurities before being filtering through Whatman WME membrane (0.2 µm) to capture microbial communities. The filters were excised into small pieces and then transferred to 5 mL centrifuge tubes containing 3 mL of DNA/RNA shieldTM (Zymo Research Corp, Irvine, CA, USA) and immediately stored at −80 °C until used.
EC and chemical composition of the ambient water samples were analyzed for total N, P, K, As, Cd, and NO3-N at the Central Laboratory and Greenhouse Complex, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Thailand.
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2

Predator-Induced Gene Expression in Daphnia

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To determine co-receptor localization, we dissected three-day old D. longicephala in a tissuespecific manner, removing the antennules (by cutting off the rostral tip), and swimming antennae, which were dissected with metal tweezers. Antennules, swimming antennae and the body were then transferred into tubes containing DNA/RNA shield (Zymo Research). Samples were directly manually homogenized with plastic pistils and stored at -80 °C until further usage.
Each biological replicate contained 40-60 animals which we found to provide enough RNA for quantitative PCR.
Predator-induced differential gene expression levels of IR25a and IR93a in the antennules.
To investigate predator-induced differential IR gene expression, we exposed 40-60 three-day old D. longicephala to Notonecta spec. as described in the induction assay for 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h. Subsequently, animals were killed, and antennules were cut off with a sharp razor blade. Again, samples were homogenized and stored in DNA/RNA shield TM (Zymo Research, Germany) at -80 °C until further usage. Each biological replicate contained 40-60 animals providing good quality and quantity yields for gene expression analysis.
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3

Liver RNA Extraction with Zymo Kit

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Liver samples were collected at euthanasia and stored at −80°C in 1X DNA/RNA Shield from Zymo Research. For RNA extraction, approximately 15mg of the stored liver tissue was resuspended in 0.3mL of fresh DNA/RNA Shield and processed using Zymo Research’s Quick-RNA Miniprep Plus Kit. Extraction was performed according to the manufacturer’s protocol with Proteinase K digestion for 4h at room temperature, followed by a brief centrifugation to remove particulate debris. RNA lysis buffer from the kit was added to the clarified supernatant, and column purification with DNase I treatment was again performed according to the manufacturer’s protocol. RNA was eluted in water and stored at −80°C.
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4

SARS-CoV-2 Nucleic Acid Extraction Protocols

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All NP swab samples obtained at the UCSF were pretreated with a 1:1 ratio of DNA/RNA Shield (Zymo Research) before extraction. An input volume of 200 μl of NP swab sample was used for all extraction methods performed at the UCSF and eluted in 100 μl. NP swab samples obtained from the CDPH were extracted using the easyMag instrument (bioMérieux) according to the manufacturer’s instructions with an input volume of 300 μl and elution volume of 110 μl, except for 4 seasonal coronavirus and 3 influenza samples, which were extracted using the Mag-Bind Viral DNA/RNA 96 kit (Omega Bio-Tek) on a KingFisher Flex (Thermo Fisher Scientific) instrument according to the manufacturer’s instructions. For NP swab samples collected at the UCSF, 297 were extracted using the Mag-Bind Viral DNA/RNA 96 kit (Omega Bio-Tek) on the KingFisher Flex (Thermo Fisher Scientific), and 30 samples were extracted using the EZ1 Advanced XL (Qiagen) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
All WB samples (300 μl) were pretreated with a 2:1 ratio of DNA/RNA Shield (Zymo Research) and extracted using Direct-zol RNA MiniPrep kit (Zymo Research) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Samples were on-column deoxyribonuclease (DNase) treated with DNase I (Zymo Research) and eluted in 30 μl. Extracted material was stored at −80°C.
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5

Viral RNA detection from environmental samples

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Air and surface samples were preserved in 1 mL of DNA/RNA shield (Zymo Research). Heat inactivated human coronavirus HCoV-OC43 (ZeptoMetrix) with the known concentration between 105 and 106 gc/L was added to air, surface swab and wastewater samples as an RNA recovery control. All samples were processed within 3h after the collection. Wastewater sample processing included continuous mixing after adding MgCl2 to a concentration of 50 mM and acidification to a pH value between 4.5 to 3.5. Acidified samples were filtered through an electronegative membrane (0.45um pore size, 47mm diameter, SM: Pall HA/MCE membrane, UM: Millipore HAWP4700) [17 (link)–19 ]. Wastewater concentrates consisted of membranes preserved 1 mL DNA/RNA shield. After mixing in the corresponding DNA/RNA shield, air, surface swab and wastewater concentrates, 250μL aliquots were extracted using a Zymo Quick-RNA Viral Kit. The extracted RNA was eluted in 15μL of RNase free water and preserved in −80° C freezer until the V2G-qPCR analysis.
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6

FCV RT-qPCR Detection and Quantification

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Prior to TNA extraction, oropharyngeal cytobrush samples stored in DNA/RNA shield (Zymo Research) were thoroughly mixed and incubated at 40 °C for 10 min. TNA was extracted from 100 µL EDTA anticoagulated blood or 200 µL RNA/DNA shield (Zymo Research) using the MagNa Pure LC (Roche Diagnostics AG) and the MagNa Pure LC Total Nucleic Acid Isolation Kit (Roche Diagnostics AG) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Positive and negative RT-qPCR controls were run in parallel. Two different real-time RT-qPCR assays (FCV RT-qPCR S1 and S2) were used to detect FCV, as previously described [7 (link)]. For a semiquantitative analysis of FCV viral loads in cytobrush and blood samples, FCV RNA standards were run in parallel.
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7

SARS-CoV-2 Detection in Ecuador

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Nasopharyngeal swabs (NS) or broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) samples were collected from patients in public third-level hospitals located in different provinces of Ecuador. Sample positivity for SARS-CoV-2 using standard RT-qPCR protocols, was officially reported to hospitals by the Ecuadorian Ministry of Public Health (MSP) and National Institute of Public Health and Research (INSPI). The use of samples was approved by the Bioethics Committee of Universidad San Francisco de Quito (CEISH No. 1234). The BAL samples were collected in a sterile tube with 2X DNA/RNA Shield (Zymo), and NS were immersed in 1X DNA/RNA Shield (Zymo), to ensure virus inactivation and preservation of the genetic material. Samples were transported immediately at 4°C to the Institute of Microbiology at USFQ (IM-USFQ) in a sealed container with all the biosecurity and containment measures recommended by the CDC of the USA (https://www.fda.gov/media/134922/download).
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8

Optimizing Nucleic Acid Extraction from BAL

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We tested nucleic acid extraction conditions by combining 200 μL of mock-positive BAL with either 600 μL DirectZol, 600 μL lysis buffer, or 200 μL DNA/RNA Shield (Zymo), followed by mechanical homogenization with either 0.1 mm or 0.5 mm glass bashing beads (Omni) for 2, 5, or 8 cycles of 25 seconds, bashing at 30 Hz with 60 seconds rest on ice between each cycle (TissuerLyser II, Qiagen). Samples homogenized in DNA/RNA Shield also underwent enzymatic mycolysis with either 0.15 mg or 0.38 mg proteinase K at 23°C for 30 or 60 minutes (Zymo) or with 0.4 mg, 1.2 mg, 4 mg, or 8 mg Yatalase (Takara Bio Inc.) at 23°C or 37°C for 60 or 90 minutes. Subsequently, all samples underwent 10 minutes of centrifugation at 4°C, and the supernatant was used for parallel DNA/RNA extraction (Zymo ZR-Duet DNA/RNA MiniPrep Kit). Aspergillus niger nucleic acid yield was measured using an orthogonal digital droplet polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay with pan-Aspergillus primers (Supplementary Material 2) [17 (link)]. RNA and DNA sequencing libraries were prepared in parallel (New England Biolabs NEBNext Ultra-II Library Prep) and underwent 125 nucleotide paired-end sequencing on an Illumina HiSeq 4000 instrument (Supplementary Material 3).
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9

Retro-orbital Lentivirus Delivery in Mice

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A total of 100 μl of lentivirus displaying either VSVG or CD19 + VSVGmut, or PBS was administered to C57BL/6 mice (000664, Jackson Laboratory, 9-10 weeks of age) by retro-orbital injection following anesthesia induction with 2-3% isofluorane. Mice were killed with CO 2 30 min post treatment and spleen, kidney, heart, liver, lung and blood were collected. Spleen, kidney, heart, liver and lung samples (15 mg each) were collected and stored in 1× DNA/RNA Shield (Zymo Research). Blood samples were drawn into tubes pre-coated with 0.5 M EDTA and were then separated into plasma and red blood cells by carefully layering blood diluted with PBS containing 2% FBS on top of Percoll density gradient media (Cytiva) and centrifuging at 800×g for 20 min. Plasma and red blood cell layers were extracted and mixed with an equal volume of 2× DNA/RNA Shield (Zymo Research). RNA was extracted from tissue samples using the Quick-RNA Viral Kit (Zymo Research) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Lentivirus titers were measured using the Lenti-X qRT-PCR Titration Kit (Takara Bio) on a QuantStudio 3 Real-Time PCR System (Thermo Fisher).
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10

Shrimp Pond Microbiome Sampling Protocol

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Sampling in Vietnam was performed at two separate shrimp farms in the Quang Ninh province (approximately 20 km apart), while sampling in Malaysia was performed at a large shrimp farm with multiple pond systems located in Perak state (Table 1). Two mL of pond water was sampled from 2–4 distant location (corners) of each pond, pelleted via centrifugation at 7,000 rpm for 10 min and resuspended in RNA/DNA shield (ZymoResearch, Irvine, CA, USA). Shrimp intestinal samples were collected by dissecting out the shrimp guts followed by homogenization in RNA/DNA shield (ZymoResearch, Irvine, CA, USA). Sampling was performed with the permission and under the supervision of the aquaculture manager from the respective farms. No field permit was required for this study because samples were collected from private fields. As per the request of the aquaculture manager, exact sampling location of some farms was not disclosed in this study to protect the identity of the farm.
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