For SEM of surface structures of tergite cuticle, freshly killed H. brevicornis were dissected and fixed in a solution containing 1% glutaraldehyde in cacodylate buffer (pH 7.3) for 1 h. Samples were washed for 5 min in bi-distilled water and dehydrated in an ascending series of aqueous isopropanol solutions (30, 50, 70, 90, and 100% vol%) for 10 min each and critical point dried using a CPD 030 device (Bal-Tec, Liechtenstein). Whole mounts of dorsal cuticle were sputter-coated with gold/palladium in a Balzers MED 010 (Liechtenstein) and mounted on aluminium dishes using self-adhesive carbon pads and conductive glue. The whole mounts were analysed using a Zeiss DSM 962 SEM at an acceleration voltage of 20 kV using either a secondary or backscatter electron detector.
Med 010
Manufactured by Oerlikon Balzers
Sourced in Liechtenstein
The MED 010 is a laboratory equipment product from Oerlikon Balzers. It is designed for controlled deposition of thin films and coatings. The core function of the MED 010 is to provide a precise and reproducible deposition environment for research and development applications.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Jsm 5310, by JEOL (2 mentions)
Xl30 esem, by Philips (2 mentions)
Leo 435 vp, by Zeiss (2 mentions)
Dsm 962 sem, by Zeiss (1 mentions)
Whatman, by Cytiva (1 mentions)
Nova nanosem 400, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Scai scanner, by Zeiss (1 mentions)
Lab6 electron gun, by Ametek (1 mentions)
Jsm 5200, by JEOL (1 mentions)
Leo 1530, by Zeiss (1 mentions)
Dsm 950, by Zeiss (1 mentions)
Cpd 010, by Oerlikon Balzers (1 mentions)
S 4700 fe sem, by Hitachi (1 mentions)
S 800 scanning electron microscope, by Hitachi (1 mentions)
Coolpix 5400, by Nikon (1 mentions)
Cpd 020, by Oerlikon Balzers (1 mentions)
Epoxycure, by Buehler (1 mentions)
Jsm 6460lv, by JEOL (1 mentions)
Jsm 5600lv, by JEOL (1 mentions)
28 protocols using med 010
1
Scanning Electron Microscopy of Insect Cuticle
2
SEM and EDS Analysis of Specimens
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Three specimens of each group were selected and observed under SEM (JEOL-JSM, 6460LV, Tokyo, Japan). The specimens were washed in ultrasonic bath (Ultra Cleaner, Unique, Indaiatuba, SP, Brazil) for 10 min and dried for 24 h. After drying, specimens were sputter-coated with gold (MED 010, Balzers, Balzer Liechtenstein) and submitted to SEM evaluation (3000× magnification) in vacuum mode (45 Pa), operating at 15 kV [18 (link)]. For EDS analysis, the other three specimens were covered with carbon and submitted to automatic image analyzer system (JEOL-JSM, 6460LV, Tokyo, Japan), providing a percentage of the chemical elements (%atomic) present on the total area of the specimens’ surfaces [18 (link)].
3
Comprehensive Morphological and Elemental Analysis of Bovine Specimens
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The morphological analysis of the specimens was performed in a scanning electron microscope (EGA 3, TESCAN, LMU, Kohoutovice, Czech Republic), operating at 15 kV. For the morphological analysis of the specimens, the blocks were previously sputter-coated with gold in a vacuum evaporator (MED 010; Balzers, Balzer, Liechtenstein), and then microscopically analyzed to obtain photomicrographs of the surface morphology of the treated specimens (1000× magnification). Representative images of selected regions of the sputter-coated specimens were taken in order to characterize the morphological aspect of the surface [5 (link), 20 , 21 (link)]. The EDS point analysis (80 mm2, SDD Detector, Oxford Instruments, Concord, MA, USA) was performed to determine a qualitative elemental analysis of specimens, operating in high vacuum mode and an accelerating voltage of 15 kV. For each sample, five points were randomly selected for each sample (300 µm2 for each point), and the mean values were calculated [20 , 21 (link)].
For the subsurface analysis, cross-sections of the bovine blocks were obtained by longitudinally sectioning the specimens under water-cooling. Both half-blocks were used for the SEM and the elemental analyses. The halves were dehydrated in silica gel for 3 h. The specimens were then gold-sputtered and evaluated using an SEM coupled with an EDS [20 , 21 (link)].
For the subsurface analysis, cross-sections of the bovine blocks were obtained by longitudinally sectioning the specimens under water-cooling. Both half-blocks were used for the SEM and the elemental analyses. The halves were dehydrated in silica gel for 3 h. The specimens were then gold-sputtered and evaluated using an SEM coupled with an EDS [20 , 21 (link)].
4
Cryo-EM Fiducial Marker Preparation
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Holey gold EM grids (Quantifoil R 2/1, 200 mesh; Quantifoil) were plasma cleaned in a Turbo Sputter Coater Med 010 (Balzers) for 2 min. To make fiducial marker solution, BSA-coated 10-nm gold nanoparticle solution (Aurion 210.133) was concentrated by two centrifugations at 16,000g for 25 min (at 4°C), and the pellet was resuspended first in Ca2+-free HBM and the second time in HBM + 1.2 mM CaCl2. Warm fiducial marker solution was mixed with synaptosomes at 1:10 ratio. Four microliters of the mixture was deposited on each grid, allowed settle down for approximately 7 s, blotted at a small angle for 5 to 7 s with a filter paper (Whatman filter paper 1, qualitative circles, 90 mm in diameter, catalog no. 1001 090) and vitrified by plunge freezing into liquid nitrogen (LN2)–cooled pure ethane (Westfalen AG, ethane 2.5 99.5% vol % C2H6) using a portable manual plunger (designed and built by Max Planck’s workshop). Vitrified grids were stored in LN2 until EM imaging.
5
Cross-Sectional SEM-EDS Imaging of Composite Films
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SEM–EDS
imaging
analysis of cross sections of the composite cast film, pressed disks
and extruded filament was performed on cleaved samples mounted onto
a carbon tape and placed on 45°/90° (Ted Pella 16104) low
profile aluminum mount to allow cross-sectional imaging. The mounted
samples were carbon-coated (4 nm) using a Balzers Mini deposition
system MED 010 prior to SEM imaging to prevent charging. SEM imaging
was performed on a FEI Nova NanoSEM 400 operating at 20 kV with a
spot size of 4.0. The images were collected with an Everhart–Thornley
detector (ETD), a BSE detector, or an Oxford INCA X-Sight EDS detector.
The BSE mode and EDS mapping were used to identify the dispersion
of nanoparticles within the polymer for the lowest and highest volume
fractions of nanoparticles.
imaging
analysis of cross sections of the composite cast film, pressed disks
and extruded filament was performed on cleaved samples mounted onto
a carbon tape and placed on 45°/90° (Ted Pella 16104) low
profile aluminum mount to allow cross-sectional imaging. The mounted
samples were carbon-coated (4 nm) using a Balzers Mini deposition
system MED 010 prior to SEM imaging to prevent charging. SEM imaging
was performed on a FEI Nova NanoSEM 400 operating at 20 kV with a
spot size of 4.0. The images were collected with an Everhart–Thornley
detector (ETD), a BSE detector, or an Oxford INCA X-Sight EDS detector.
The BSE mode and EDS mapping were used to identify the dispersion
of nanoparticles within the polymer for the lowest and highest volume
fractions of nanoparticles.
6
Surface Morphology Analysis of Toothpaste Effects
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Two additional specimens treated with the different toothpaste slurries were prepared for surface morphology analysis. The analysis was performed in a SEM (JSM-5310; JEOL, Tokyo, Japan), operating at 10 kV. Specimens were previously sputter-coated with gold in a vacuum evaporator (MED 010; Balzers, Balzer, Liechtenstein), and then microscopically analyzed to obtain photomicrographs of the surface morphology of demineralized and remineralized thirds at 5,000× magnification.
7
Evaporated Carbon Layer Characterization
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A deposition system (Balzers Med010) was used to evaporate a homogeneous layer of carbon. The samples were collected over 400 mesh Cu grids. The grids were then negatively stained with a solution of 1% (w/w) uranyl acetate. Micrographs were recorded on an FEI Tecnai Sphera microscope operating at 200 kV and equipped with a LaB6 electron gun, using the standard cryotransfer holders developed by Gatan, Inc. For image processing, micrographs were digitized in a Zeiss SCAI scanner with different sampling windows.
8
Morphological Analysis of Sanitized Spunbond and Melt-Blown TNT
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The morphological
analysis of the surfaces of the spunbond and melt-blown TNT and of
the fracture sections before and after sanitization was carried out
by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements, using
the SEM Jeol instrument JSM 5200. Before analysis, all of the samples
were metallized with gold, using the Balzers MED010 instrument. Furthermore,
the sections were made after freezing the samples.
analysis of the surfaces of the spunbond and melt-blown TNT and of
the fracture sections before and after sanitization was carried out
by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements, using
the SEM Jeol instrument JSM 5200. Before analysis, all of the samples
were metallized with gold, using the Balzers MED010 instrument. Furthermore,
the sections were made after freezing the samples.
9
Scanning Electron Microscopy of Alginate
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Alginate powder amounts of 0.5 mg were used from each material (n = 5), according to the previous study [6 ]. The alginate powders were fixed in plastic stubs, sputter coated with carbon (MED 010, Balzers, Balzer, Liechtenstein) to eliminate the charging effects. After that, the samples were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM)/energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX).
The EDX was used to detect the main inorganic components of the tested materials. Specimens were identified by using a SEM operating with a Vantage System (Noran Instruments, Middleton, WI). The spectra for EDX measurements were obtained for 100 s livetime (voltage: 15 kV; dead time 20–25%; working distance: 20 mm) [11 (link)].
The EDX was used to detect the main inorganic components of the tested materials. Specimens were identified by using a SEM operating with a Vantage System (Noran Instruments, Middleton, WI). The spectra for EDX measurements were obtained for 100 s livetime (voltage: 15 kV; dead time 20–25%; working distance: 20 mm) [11 (link)].
10
Particle Morphology Evaluation of Encapsulated Extracts
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The particle morphology of all the encapsulated extracts was evaluated using a scanning electron microscope system (Fei Quanta FEG 250 Esem) in a high vacuum. The samples were processed with a mini deposition of Au (99.99% purity) by Sputtering Metal (Balzers MED 010) for high-resolution metallization.
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