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13 protocols using platinum sybr green kit

1

Quantitative Analysis of Hepatic HBV DNA

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Hepatic HBV DNA was extracted with the QIAamp DNA Mini kit (Qiagen) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Southern blot analysis was performed as previously described44 (link). Hepatic HBV DNA was quantified by PCR using the Platinum SYBR Green Kit (Invitrogen/Life technologies, Darmstadt, Germany) with the sense primer 5′-TGC CTC ATC TTC TTR TTG GTT CT-3′ and the antisense primer 5′-CCC CAA WAC CAK ATC ATC CAT ATA-3′. The primer contained wobble bases (r = purine (A,G), w = weak binding (A,T) and k = keto (G,T)).
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2

HBV DNA Extraction and Quantification

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Serum HBV DNA was extracted by using QiAamp DNA Blood Mini kit (Qiagen) and quantified by real time PCR using a Platinum SYBR green Kit (Invitrogen) as described [35 (link), 41 (link)].
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3

Quantitative RT-PCR Analysis of Gene Expression

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For qRT‐PCR experiments, first‐strand cDNA was synthesized from 1 μg of total RNA in a volume of 20 μL with oligo‐d(T)17 and Superscript III (Invitrogen Life Technology, Carlsbad, CA, USA), following the manufacturer’s instructions. The cDNA concentration in the RT mix was quantified using a ND‐1000 UV spectrophotometer (Nanodrop Technologies, Wilmington, DE, USA), and 1 μg of cDNA was used for qRT‐PCR experiments, employing an MX3000 thermal cycler (Stratagene, La Jolla, CA, USA) and Platinum Sybr‐Green Kit (Invitrogen Life Technology), according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The elongation factor 1α gene, having constitutive expression, was used to normalize raw data and to calculate relative transcript levels. The primer sequences used in qRT‐PCR are displayed in Table S1.
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4

Quantitative HBV Viral Markers

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The serum HBsAg and HBeAg levels were determined using the Architect System and HBsAg and HBeAg CMIA kits (Abbott Laboratories, Wiesbaden-Delkenheim, Germany) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Serum HBV DNA was extracted using the QiAamp DNA Blood Mini kit (Qiagen) and quantified by real-time PCR using a Platinum SYBR Green Kit (Invitrogen, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) as described.28 (link)
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5

Quantitative RT-PCR for Gene Expression Analysis

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Quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) was performed in triplicate using the Platinum Sybr Green Kit (Invitrogen) on an Applied Biosystems Fast 7500 machine. Detection of CCND1 ORF abundance was performed using Relative Quantitation (RQ) settings, and was normalized to the total integrated ORF library using primers targeting the PGK promoter as the endogenous control (CCND1 Forward: 5′ GCTGTGCATCTACACCGACA 3′; Reverse: 5′ TTGAGCTTGTTCACCAGGAG 3′. PGK Forward: 5′ CAA CCG GCT CCG TTC TTT GG 3′; Reverse: 5′ CAC GAG ACT AGT GAG ACG TGC TA 3′). Detection of combined genomic DNA (gDNA) and plasmid signal using CMV or PGK primers was performed using RQ settings, and was normalized to total gDNA using primers targeting the GAPDH promoter as the endogenous control (CMV Forward: 5′ TGGCATTATGCCCAGTACATGACC 3′; Reverse: 5′ CCATTGATGTACTGCCAAAACCGC 3′. GAPDH Forward: 5′ ATC CAA GCG TGT AAG GGT CC 3′; Reverse: 5′ GGA CTG AGA TTG GCC CGA TG 3′). Detection of shRNA half-hairpins was performed in this same manner, using primers JH353F (5′ TAGTGAAGCCACAGATGTA 3′) and HHR2L (5′ ATGTATCAAAGAGATAGCAAGGTATTCAG 3′), with GAPDH promoter as the endogenous normalization control.
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6

Quantitative Real-Time PCR Analysis of Leptin Expression

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Total RNA from epididymal adipose tissues was extracted using TRIzol reagent (Life Technologies, France) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Total RNA (0.5 µg) was reverse transcribed with mouse myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase (Promega) under standard conditions using hexanucleotide random primers according to the manufacturer’s instructions. cDNA was amplified by PCR with specific primers. Real-time PCR was performed on the Light Cycler Instrument (Roche Diagnostics) using the Platinum SYBR Green kit (Invitrogen). Specific primers for mouse leptin and two mouse housekeeping genes used for normalization (β-actin and 34B4 mouse genes) were purchased from Sigma (Sigma, France). We used primers for Leptin (forward,AAC CTG GAA ATG CTC TGG CTGT; reverse,ACT CGC TGT GAA TGG CCT GAA A), 36B4F (forward,TCC AGG CTT TGG GCA TCA; reverse,CTT TAT CAG CTG CAC ATC ACT CAG A), and β-actin (forward, CTA AGG CCA ACC GTG AAA AG; reverse, CCT GCT TCA CCA CCT TCT TG).
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7

Quantitative Analysis of TGM2 Isoforms

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Real-time RT-PCR was performed on cDNA isolated from EAC, BE, and normal gastric or esophageal mucosa samples using either the 96-well StepOne Plus or 384-well 7900HT Systems (Applied Biosystems) and the Platinum SYBR Green kit (Invitrogen). All primers were designed using NCBI Primer-BLAST and the primer sequences for TGM2 are: TGM2 all isoforms, forward CCAACTACAACTCGGCCCAT, and reverse CTGGTCATCCACGACTCCAC targeting between exons 7 and 8; long isoform (NCBI NM_004613), forward GCAGGGGAGGAAGTTAAGGTGAGAA, and reverse GGCGGGGCCAATGATGACA targeting exon 13; common short isoform (NCBI NM_198951), forward GGTAAAGCCCTGTGTTCCTG, and reverse AGCGCCATGTAAGTGTCTGTG targeting its unique portion in exon 10. Genomic primers for TGM2 are for intron 2 forward GTGGCCGGGCTGGGATGG and reverse AAGGTGGGGTCGGGGTTTGAGG and for intron 11 forward ATCCTTATCATCGCCATCATCATCATTATA and reverse ACTGCCGCTCCCTCTGCTGTTTA. Annealing temperatures were determined and optimized using Cepheid SmartCycler (Cepheid, Anaheim, CA). Expression values and copy number changes were determined by the 2−ΔΔCt algorithm.31 (link) Reference genes (GAPDH and ACTB) were applied to normalize the 2−ΔΔCt calculation of Ct values of each target gene.
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8

Gene Expression Analysis Protocol

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Gene expression analysis was carried out as described before24 (link)54 (link). RNA was isolated using the RNeasy Mini Kit from Qiagen (Hilden, Germany) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Subsequently residual remaining DNA was digested with DNase I. Reverse transcription was performed with 1 μg RNA and random primers using qScript from Quanta Biosciences according to the manufacturers' protocol. Additionally each sample was analysed without reverse transcription. The signals obtained without RT were neglectable (<1%). Finally, realtime amplification was performed with the Stratagene Mx3005P using the Platinum SYBR Green kit (Invitrogen, Karlsruhe, Germany) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Primer sequences, names of the corresponding proteins, ref-sequences, as well as annealing temperature and fragment length are given in supplementary table S1. qPCR efficiency was >90%. All primers for genes of interest are intron-spanning and have been validated by RT-PCR and gel electrophoresis. Furthermore, the primers were validated by melting curve analysis. The relative expression of the two genes of interest was calculated using the 18S signal for normalization. Each sample was analysed as triplicate. All values are expressed as mean ± standard error of mean normalized to the wildtype control group.
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9

Quantitative PCR Analysis of Gene Expression

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Total RNA was extracted using Trizol (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA). RNA concentration and purity were determined spectrophotometrically by measuring fluorescence at 260 and 280 nm. Three micrograms of RNA was reverse transcribed into cDNA using Superscript III (Invitrogen) transcription reagents according to the manufacturer’s instructions. After obtaining the cDNA, gene expression was quantified by quantitative PCR using Platinum SYBRGreen Kit (Invitrogen) in Mx3005P detector equipment (Stratagene, Santa Clara, CA, USA). The following primers were used: BCR–ABL 5′-TGGGTCCAGCGAGAAGGTT-3′ (forward) and 5′-GCATTCCGCTGACCATCAAT-3′ (reverse); GAPDH 5′-GGAGAAGGCTGGGGCTCAT-3′ (forward) and 5′-TCCTTCCACGATACCAAAGTT-3′ (reverse); TRAIL 5′-AAGGCTCTGGGCCGCAAAATAAAC-3′ (forward) and 5′-CCAACTAAAAAGGCCCCGAAAAA-3′ (reverse); DR4 5′-GTACGCCCTGGAGTGACATC-3′ (forward) and 5′-CCTCGTAGGAGACCCAAGC-3′ (reverse); DR5 5′-CTAGCTCCCCAGCAGAGAGT-3′ (forward) and 5′-GTGGTGCAGGGACTTAGCTC-3′ (reverse). WASP 5′-GGCTGGTCGGCTGCTCTGGGAACA-3′ (forward) and 5′-GGTGGTGGGGGTAGCTGGCGTCTGT-3′ (reverse). Results were given as relative expression represented as 2−ΔΔCt.
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10

Quantifying WHV DNA by Real-time PCR

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WHV DNA was quantified by real-time PCR using Platinum SYBR Green Kit (Invitrogen) as described previously [28] (link).
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