All cell culture media and supplements were from Invitrogen (Paisley, UK). All other reagents were from Sigma Chemical Co. (Poole, UK) and were of the highest purity available. DPDPE, endomorphin‐1, naloxone, and SB‐612111 were bought from Tocris Bioscience (Bristol, UK). Fentanyl was bought from SALARAS, Como, Italy) (authorization SP/270, 26/11/2012). Native coelenterazine (CLZN, 5 mmol/L, EtOH) was from Synchem UG & Co. KG (Altenburg, Germany). N/OFQ, dermorphin, dynorphin A, Ro 65‐6570, and cebranopadol were synthesized in house. Stock solutions (1 mmol/L) of peptides and fentanyl were made in distilled water. SB‐612111, Ro 65‐6570, and cebranopadol (10 mmol/L) were solubilized in DMSO. Stock solutions of ligands were stored at −20°C.
Endomorphin 1
Manufactured by Bio-Techne
Sourced in United Kingdom, United States
Endomorphin-1 is a synthetic peptide that is a potent and selective agonist of the μ-opioid receptor. It is commonly used in laboratory research to study the effects of μ-opioid receptor activation.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Naloxone, by Bio-Techne (1 mentions)
Sb 612111, by Bio-Techne (1 mentions)
Cell culture media and supplements, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Dpdpe, by Bio-Techne (1 mentions)
Morphine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Met enkephalin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Forskolin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Tnf α, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Phorbol myristate acetate (pma), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
2 protocols using endomorphin 1
1
Opioid Ligand Preparation and Storage
2
Comparative Analysis of MOR Agonists
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
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We chose six MOR agonists that include endogenous and exogenous ligands and that vary in terms of G-protein bias: morphine (Sigma–Aldrich; St. Louis, MO, USA), DAMGO ([D-Ala2-MePhe4-Gly-ol]-enkephalin; Bachem, Torrance, CA, USA), met-enkephalin (Sigma–Aldrich), β-endorphin (American Peptide Co., Sunnyvale, CA, USA), endomorphin-1 (Tocris Bioscience, Minneapolis, MN, USA), and TRV130 (oliceridine; synthesized by B.E.B.). All ligands except TRV130, which was first dissolved in DMSO (20%), were dissolved in water, then prepared as serial dilutions to concentrations between 10−11 to 10−5 M. GPCR independent substrates including forskolin, TNF-α and PMA (Sigma–Aldrich) were used to activate cAMP, NF-ĸB and MAPK/JNK respectively. All GPCR independent substrates were diluted in DMSO to final concentrations of 10 μM for forskolin, 50 ng/mL for TNF-α, and 10 ng/mL for PMA.
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