Aanalyst 200 faas instrument

Macro and trace elements were analyzed as described by Cabrita et al. [35 ]. Afterward, forage samples were mineralized using a Milestone (Sorisole, Italy) MLS 1200 Mega high-performance microwave digestion unit, and sample solutions were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS; iCAP Q ICP-MS instrument, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) and flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS; AAnalyst 200 FAAS instrument, PerkinElmer, Shelton, CT, USA). Internal standards and tuning solutions for ICP-MS analysis were prepared by appropriate dilution of the following commercial solutions: periodic table mix 3 for ICP-MS (TraceCERT®, Sigma-Aldrich, Buchs, Switzerland) containing 10 mg L⁻¹ of 16 elements (Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu in 5% HNO₃) and a custom solution (obtained from SCP Science, Baie D'Urfé, QC, Canada) with 1 mg L⁻¹ of barium (Ba), Bi, Ce, cobalt (Co), In, lithium (Li) and U in 5% HNO₃ + 0.5% HCl. Calibration standards to run FAAS analysis were prepared from 1000 mg L⁻¹ single-element standard stock solutions (Fluka, Buchs, Switzerland) by appropriate dilution with HNO₃ 0.2% (v/v). Analyses were made in triplicate.

Minerals and trace elements of microalgae and reference diet samples were determined in triplicate as described by Cabrita et al. (26 (link)). Briefly, reference diet and microalgae samples were mineralized (MLS 1200 Mega high-performance microwave digestion unit, Milestone, Sorisole, Italy) and sample solutions analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS; iCAP Q ICP-MS instrument, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA) and flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS; AAnalyst 200 FAAS instrument, PerkinElmer, Shelton, CT). Calibration standards from 1,000 mg/L single-element standard stock solutions (Fluka, Buchs, Switzerland) were diluted with HNO₃ 0.2% (v/v) for FAAS analysis. For ICP-MS determinations, internal standards and tuning solutions from diluted commercial solutions were prepared (Periodic table mix 3 for ICP-MS, TraceCERT^®, Sigma-Aldrich, Buchs, Switzerland; custom solution, SCP Science, Baie D’Urfé, QC, Canada).

Minerals and trace elements were determined as previously described [22 (link)]. Briefly, microalgae samples were mineralized in a Milestone (Sorisole, Italy) MLS 1200 Mega high-performance microwave digestion unit. Sample solutions were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) using a Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA) iCAP Q ICP-MS instrument and a PerkinElmer (Shelton, CT, USA) AAnalyst 200 FAAS instrument, respectively. For FAAS, calibration standards were prepared from 1000 mg L⁻¹ single-element standard stock solutions (Fluka, Buchs, Switzerland) by appropriate dilution with HNO₃ 0.2% (v/v). For ICP-MS determinations, internal standards and tuning solutions were prepared by appropriate dilution of the following commercial solutions: Periodic table mix 3 for ICP-MS (TraceCERT^®, Sigma-Aldrich, Buchs, Switzerland) containing 10 mg L⁻¹ of 16 elements (Sc, Y, la, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu in 5% HNO₃) and a custom solution (SCP Science, Baie D’Urfé, QC, Canada) with 1 mg L⁻¹ of Ba, Bi, Ce, Co, In, Li and U in 5% HNO₃ + 0.5% HCl, respectively. Analyses were performed in triplicate.