Anti phospho jnk1 2 thr183 tyr185

Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM)/F-12 and fetal bovine serum were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Grand Island, NY, USA). BioTrace^TM NT membrane was purchased from Pall Life Sciences (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). The enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL) Western blotting detection system was purchased from Perkin Elmer (Waltham, MA, USA). Anti-phospho-EGFR (Tyr¹¹⁷³, Cat#4407), anti-phospho-p38 MAPK (Thr¹⁸⁰/Tyr¹⁸², Cat#9211), anti-phospho-JNK1/2 (Thr¹⁸³/Tyr¹⁸⁵, Cat#9255), anti-phospho-FoxO1 (Ser²⁵⁶, Cat#9461), and anti-phospho-p65 (Ser⁵³⁶, Cat#3033) antibodies were purchased from Cell Signaling (Danvers, MA, USA). Antibodies of anti-TNFR1 (Cat#sc-52739), anti-TNFR2 (Cat#sc-8041), and p38 MAPK inhibitor (p38i) VIII were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). Anti-GAPDH (Cat#MCA-1D4) was purchased from EnCor Biotechnology (Gainesville, FL, USA). AG1478, SP600125, and Tanshinone IIA were purchased from Enzo Life Science (Farmingdale, NY, USA). AS1842856 was obtained from EMD Millipore (Billerica, MA, USA). Helenalin was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). Recombinant human TNF-α protein was purchased from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA). TRIzol reagent, enzymes, and other chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).

The antibodies used in this study were as follows: anti-tyrosine phospho-hydroxylase (Ser31), anti-GAPDH, anti-â-actin, anti-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), anti-nitro-tyrosine, anti-CHOP, anti-Fas, anti-Bax, anti-NFêB, anti-p65, anti-histone H1, anti-TRAF2, anti-IRE1á, and anti-phospho-IKB-â, all of which were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). The anti-phospho-p38 anti-MAPK (Thr180/Tyr182) and anti-phospho-JNK1/2 (Thr183/Tyr185) were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA). The TdT-mediated dUTP Nick End Labeling (TUNEL) kits, MPP⁺, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), NP-40, sodium deoxycholate, and the protease inhibitor cocktail were purchased from Roche (Germany) and Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA), respectively.