Sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) grade acetonitrile, methanol, 1-octane sulphonic acid sodium salt (Fisher scientific U.K.), sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate and ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) were purchased from the Merck local distributor in Peshawar, Pakistan. Noradrenaline, DOPAC, Dopamine, 5HIAA, HVA, serotonin were from Acros organics, Belgium. Cisplatin was from Korea United Pharm. Inc. (Korea) and was dissolved in normal saline at 65 - 70°C. Metoclopramide (MCP) was purchased in solution from GlaxoSmithKline (GSK Pakistan Ltd.). Acetone was from Haq Chemicals Peshawar (Pakistan). The plant rhizome were purchased from a local market at Mardan and was authenticated by Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ibrar, Department of botany, University of Peshawar.

The sawdust used for the preparation of the activated carbon was obtained from the mushroom culture facility in the department. Phosphoric acid, potassium hydroxide, ferrous sulphate, sodium hydroxide, sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate, disodium hydrogen orthophosphate, graphite, potassium hexacyanoferrate(iii) trihydrate, potassium hexacyanoferrate(ii), hydrogen peroxide, hydrazine hydrate, potassium hydroxide, nitric acid and sulphuric acid were of analytical grade and were obtained from Merck (http://www.merckmillipore.com). The MP standard was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. All the solutions were prepared in Milli-Q water (resistivity = 18.2 MΩ cm at 25 °C).

To determine if hexachlorophene inhibits the cell membrane fusion of SFTSV, syncytium formation of virus-infected cells was determined under low-pH exposure as previously described [19 (link)]. Briefly, Vero cells were infected with SFTSV at 0.01 MOI. At 24 hpi, the cells were rinsed once with PBS and then incubated with citrate-phosphate buffer (0.1 M citric acid and 0.2 M sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) adjusted to pH 5.0 for 2 min. The citrate-phosphate buffer was then replaced with 10% FBS–DMEM with or without hexachlorophene treatment. After 5 h, cell fusion within monolayers was observed under a phase-contrast microscope.

For the magnetoelastic measurements, a commercial ribbon of Metglas 2826MB (Fe₄₀Ni₃₈Mo₄B₁₈) purchased from Hitachi Metals Europe GmbH (Dusseldorf, Germany) was used as resonant platform. Magnetoelastic sensors are made of this ribbon by cutting strips of 2 cm length after applying a cleaning treatment with analytical grade acetone purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemie GmbH (Taufkirchen, Germany).
For the ZnO nanoparticle synthesis and later film deposition the reagents used were analytical-grade without further purification. Lithium hydroxide monohydrate [Li(OH)·H₂O], zinc acetate dihydrate [Zn(CH₃COO)₂·H₂O] and ethanol were purchased from Sigma.
Hb (MW 65,000), from Bovine blood was purchased from Sigma and was used without further purification. Sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate (0.01 M) from Sigma was used to prepare the supporting electrolyte, and its pH was adjusted to 7 using NaOH and was thoroughly deaerated by bubbling with Argon prior to the experiments. H₂O₂ (30% w/v solution) was purchased from Lach-Ner (Neratovice, Czech Republic), and was diluted. All solutions were prepared with deionized water.