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49 protocols using liproxstatin 1

1

Compound Cytotoxicity Screening in Cell Lines

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Cells were seeded onto 96-well plates (2000 cells per cell) and treated with the compounds [RSL3 (Selleck Chemicals), Erastin (Selleck Chemicals), Thrombin (Abcam), Liproxstatin-1 (Selleck Chemicals), Pioglitazone (Sigma-Aldrich), DMSO, Dabigatran (Selleck Chemicals), Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA, Sigma-Aldrich), Darapladib (Selleck Chemicals), NAC (Beyotime)] after plating. Cell viability was assessed at different time points after treatment (24 h unless stated otherwise) using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) cytotoxicity assay (Bimake, B34304), as previously described.13 (link) The cell death curve of RSL3 in N27 cells, as well as Thrombin in MDA-MD-231 cells, are shown in Fig. S5.
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Cisplatin Sensitivity in GC Cell Lines

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The GC cell lines (SGC7901, BGC823, SGC7901/DDP, BGC823/DDP) were stimulated with the indicated doses of cisplatin. Furthermore, the SGC7901/DDP and BGC823/DDP cells were treated with ferroptosis agonist erastin (0.8 µM), RSL3 (0.1 µM) or antagonist liproxstatin-1 (80 nM, both from Selleck, Houston, Texas, USA) before and during cisplatin exposure [11 (link)].
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3

Comprehensive Cell Signaling Reagents Protocol

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Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) and foetal bovine serum (FBS) were obtained from Gibco. Earle's balanced salt solution (EBSS) and propranolol were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich. Rapamycin (RAPA), 3‐methyladenine (3‐MA) and chloroquine (CQ) were obtained from MedChemExpress, and ZVAD‐FMK, necrostatin‐1, liproxstatin‐1, SB203580, SP600125, SC79 and 740Y‐P were purchased from SelleckChem. Then, these reagents were dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (MP Biomedicals or water and stored at −80°C. Primary antibodies against Akt, p‐Akt, p38 MAPK, p‐p38 MAPK, JNK, p‐JNK, Erk1/2 and p‐Erk1/2 were purchased from Cell Signalling Technology. Primary antibodies against alpha‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA), fibronectin (FN), LC3B, P62, p‐PI3K p85, PI3K p85, ATG9b, ATG9a, mTOR, p‐mTOR, ATG12, ATG5 and anti‐ubiquitin were procured from Abcam. Primary antibodies against beta‐actin, alpha‐tubulin, GAPDH and HRP‐conjugated secondary antibodies were obtained from Proteintech. DyLight 549‐conjugated and DyLight 488‐conjugated secondary antibodies were provided by Abbkine.
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4

Ferroptosis Regulation Pathways Analysis

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Assay kits for the detection of cell survival (CCK8 kit) was purchased from Beyotime (Shanghai, China). GSH and MDA were obtained from MedChemExpress (Shanghai, China). Sorafenib, Ferrostatin-1 and Liproxstatin-1 were purchased from Selleck Chemicals (Shanghai, China). ZVAD-FMK, Necrostatin and Necrosulfonamide were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Shanghai, China). Metformin was obtained from aladdin (Shanghai, China). Antibodies against, including Nrf2, HO-1, P62, Keap1 and β-actin, were obtained from MedChemExpress (Shanghai, China). Nrf2 siRNA (GTTGCCCACATTCCCAAATCA) and P62 siRNA (GAACAGAGCGGGATCAAGAAT) were designed and constructed by QIAGEN (Shanghai, China).
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5

Ferroptosis Induction in Gallbladder Cancer

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ISL was acquired from Sigma-Aldrich Corp. (St. Louis, MO, USA), and the structure of ISL is shown in Supplementary Figure 1, http://links.lww.com/CM9/B518. Ferrostatin-1, liproxstatin-1, and deferoxamine were obtained from Selleck Chemicals (Houston, TX, USA). Z-VAD-FMK, necrostatin-1, and zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP) were acquired from MedChem Express (Monmouth Junction, USA). ISL was dissolved in DMSO at a concentration of 100 mmol/L and diluted with culture medium at the indicated concentrations, while the control groups were treated with the same volume of DMSO. The standard curve between the concentration of ISL (μmol/L) and the viability (%) of GBC cells was analyzed by logarithmic correlation regression with a regression equation. Ferrostatin-1, deferoxamine, liproxstatin-1, Z-VAD-FMK, necrostatin-1, and ZnPP were dissolved in DMSO, and tumor cells were incubated with final concentrations of 1 μmol/L Ferrostatin-1, 1 μmol/L liproxstatin-1, 50 μmol/L deferoxamine, 50 μmol/L Z-VAD-FMK, 50 μmol/L necrostatin-1, 4 μmol/L or 10 μmol/L ZnPP for 1 h followed by ISL treatment at an inhibitory concentration of 25% (IC25) for 48 h.
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Comprehensive Anticancer Compound Evaluation

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CB-839, mitomycin C, cryptotanshinone, altretamine, GSK583, liproxstatin-1, spautin-1, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor 2, RVX-208, selinexor, ferrostatin-1, diacerein, LY2603618, and patupilone were purchased from Selleckchem (Houston, TX). Cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Olaprib, niraparib, veliparib were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI). As2O3 was purchased from BioTang (Lexington, MA). C1–27 is a GSTO1 inhibitor previously identified and synthesized by our laboratory (5 (link)).
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7

Ferroptosis Pathway Modulation in CRC Cells

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Human CRC cell lines (HCT116, LoVo, HT29) were purchased from ATCC, these cells were cultured in McCoy’s 5A or Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM; Gibco BRL, Rockville, MD, United States) with 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum at 37°C, 95% humidity, and 5% CO2. The fetal bovine serum was purchased from Corille (184590, Australia). RSL3 (#S8155) and liproxstatin-1(#S7699) and ferrostatin-1 (#S7243) were purchased from Selleck Chemical (Houston, TX, United States). Z-VAD-FMK (#V116), deferoxamine (#D9533), necrostatin-1 (#N9037), chloroquine (#C6628), and doxorubicin (#D1515) were obtained from Sigma. Ferritin (ab75973), transferrin (ab82411) and GPX4 (ab125066) were purchased form Abcam; GAPDH (#5174) was obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (CST). GPX4 plasmid (RG208065) was purchased from OriGene.
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8

Western Blot Analyses of Cell Signaling

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The antibodies to NRF2 (#12721), p-ERK1/2 (#4370), ERK (#9102), actin (#3700), glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH, #5174), and β-tubulin (#2146) were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA). The antibodies to NRF2 (#ab62352), Keap1 (#ab150654), and Lamin B1 (#ab16048) were obtained from Abcam (Cambridge, MA, USA). The antibodies to p62 (#sc-28359) and MafG (#sc-133770) were obtained from Santa Cruz. Cycloheximide (#C7698), MG-132 (#M7749), deferoxamine (#D9533), Z-VAD-FMK (#V116), necrostatin-1 (#N9037), and alkaloid trigonelline (#T5509) were obtained from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). Necrosulfonamide (#480073) was obtained from EMD Millipore Corporation (Darmstadt, Germany). Erastin (#E7781), sorafenib (#S7397), ferrostatin-1 (#S7243), and liproxstatin-1 (#S7699) were obtained from Selleck Chemicals (Houston, TX, USA).
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9

Ferroptosis Inhibition and ACSL4 Modulation in Ischemia

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Liproxstatin-1 (S7699, Selleck, TX, USA), a ferroptosis inhibitor, was administered i.p. at a concentration of 10 mg/kg 1 h before ischemia induction, in accordance with previous study protocols [9 (link)]. Mice were killed at 30 min of reperfusion and serum was collected from the abdominal aorta. In addition, Liproxstatin-1 dissolved to a final concentration of 200 nM was used to treat Caco-2 cells in vitro for 12 h before hypoxia induction. Rosiglitazone (ROSI, S2556, Selleck), a classic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonist that has been used for ACSL4 inhibition, was administered intravenously at a concentration of 0.4 mg/kg 1 h before ischemia induction, as pretreatment of ROSI allows sufficient time for proper phospholipid remodeling in the membranes [21 (link), 22 (link)]. Mice were killed at 45 min of ischemia or at 30 min of reperfusion. Serum was collected from the abdominal aorta. Kits were used to assay the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (ab208348, Abcam, MA, USA), interleukin (IL)-6 (ab100712, Abcam), and ACSL4 activity (ab241005, Abcam).
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10

Comprehensive Toolkit for Cancer Research

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RSL3 (S8155), neratinib (S2150), lapatinib (S2111), gefitinib (S1025), ML210 (S0788), afatinib (S1011), dacomitinib (S2727), sapitinib (S2192), Z-VAD-FMK (S7023), necrostatin-1 (S8037), 3-Methyladenine (3-MA, S2767), tucatinib (S8362), liproxstatin-1 (S7699), erastin (S7242), deferoxamine mesylate (DFO, S5742), deferiprone (S4067), ferrostatin-1 (S7243), cobimetinib (S8041), Trastuzumab (A2007) and AZD6738 (S7693) were obtained from Selleck Chemicals. L-glutathione (G6013) and N-Acetyl-l-cysteine (A9165) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. T-DM1 (HY-P9921) was obtained from MedChemExpress.
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