2 4 6 tripyridyl triazine

Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats of four weeks of age were obtained from the Animal Centre at the Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China. Quercitrin (C₂₁H₂₀O₁₁, CAS number: 522-12-3, 98%) and isoquercitrin (Q3G, C₂₁H₂₀O₁₂, CAS number: 482-35-9, 98%) were obtained from Sichuan Weikeqi Biological Technology Co., Ltd. (Chengdu, China). Pyrogallol, 2,4,6-tripyridyl triazine (TPTZ), (±)-6-hydroxyl-2,5,7,8-tetramethlychromane-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Shanghai, China). MTT was from, Duchefa (Haarlem, The Netherlands). 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•) was obtained from Aladdin Chemical, Ltd. (Shanghai, China). 2,9-Dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline hemihydrate (neocuproine) was obtained from J & K Scientific, Ltd. (Beijing, China). Tris-hydroxymethyl amino methane (Tris) was obtained from Dinggguo Biotechnology, Ltd. (Beijing, China). Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were purchased from Gibco (Grand Island, NY, USA). CD44 was purchased from Boster, Ltd. (Wuhan, China). H₂O₂, FeCl₂·4H₂O, CH₃COONH₄, FeCl₃·6H₂O, Na₂EDTA, CuSO₄, hydrochloric acid, and all of the other reagents were purchased as the analytical grade from Guangdong Guanghua Chemical Plants Co., Ltd. (Shantou, China).

Gallic acid (GA), Folin–Ciocalteu (FC) reagent, 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), fluorescein, 2,20-diazobis-(2-aminodinopropane)-dihydrochloride (AAPH), 2,20-azinobis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS^•+), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), iron(III) chloride hexahydrate (FeCl₃∙6H₂O), 2,4,6-tripyridyl-triazine (TPTZ), iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO₄∙7H₂O), Gallic acid, apigenin, ferulic acid, avenanthramide C, p-coumaric acid and sinapic acid were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Amyloglucosidase (EC 3.2.1.3) and glucose oxidase-peroxidase (GOPOD) were provided by Megazyme (Wicklow, Ireland). Glacial acetic acid, sodium acetate and chlorhydric acid were obtained from PanReac AppliChem (ITW Reagents, Darmstadt, Germany). The solvents were HPLC-grade (Sigma Aldrich Co., Madrid, Spain, and Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany). Food-grade enzymes UltraFlo XL and Viscoferm were kindly provided by Novozymes (Bagsværd, Copenhagen, Denmark).

Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats of four weeks of age were obtained from the Animal Center at the Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China. Tiliroside (C₃₀H₂₆O₁₃, M.W. 594.52, CAS number: 20316-62-5, 98%) and astragalin (C₂₁H₂₀O₁₁, M.W. 448.38, CAS number: 480-10-4, 98%) were obtained from Sichuan Weikeqi Biological Technology Co., Ltd (Chengdu, China). Pyrogallol, 2,4,6-tripyridyl triazine (TPTZ), and (±)-6-hydroxyl-2,5,7,8-tetramethlychromane-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Shanghai, China). 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•) was obtained from Aladdin Chemical, Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Tris-hydroxymethyl amino methane (Tris) was obtained from Dinggguo Biotechnology, Ltd. (Beijing, China). 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline -6-sulfonic acid diammonium salt [(NH₄)₂ABTS] were obtained from Amresco Inc. (Solon, OH, USA). Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were purchased from Gibco (Grand Island, NY, USA). CD44 and 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazoyl)- 2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) was from Duchefa were purchased from Boster, Ltd. (Wuhan, China). FeCl₂·4H₂O, K₂S₂O₈, FeCl₃·6H₂O, Na₂EDTA, hydrochloric acid, and all of the other reagents were purchased as the analytical grade from Guangdong Guanghua Chemical Plants Co., Ltd. (Shantou, Country).

Zinc oxide NPs were formulated by using Green synthesis (for preparation details, visit our article, Iqbal et al., 2021 (link)). Enzyme assay kits were purchased from Bio Vision. Formalin, sodium carbonate, ferrous sulfate, Folin–Ciocalteu reagent were used from Merck. Gallic acid, 2, 4, 6‐tripyridyl‐triazine, (TPTZ), hematoxylin and eosin stains (H&E), and ethanol were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. Isoflurane was purchased from Bimeda. All chemicals used during this work were of analytical grades.

Fluorescein, 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), 2,20-diazobis-(2-aminodinopropane)-dihydrochloride (AAPH), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,20-azinobis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS^•+), Folin–Ciocalteu (FC) reagent, gallic acid (GA), iron (III) chloride hexahydrate (FeCl₃∙6H₂O), iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO₄∙7H₂O), 2,4,6-tripyridyl-triazine (TPTZ), ferulic acid, hidroxybenzoic acid and p-coumaric acid were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Glucose oxidase-peroxidase (GOPOD) was supplied by Megazyme (Wicklow, Ireland). Sodium acetate, hydrochloric acid, glacial acetic acid and formic acid were purchased from PanReac AppliChem (ITW Reagents, Darmstadt, Germany). Different solvents were HPLC grade (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, and Sigma Aldrich Co., Madrid, Spain). Viscoferm and UltraFlo XL food-grade enzymes were kindly supplied by Novozymes (Bagsværd, Copenhagen, Denmark).