Mira3 feg

The surface morphology of the PLA implants was studied using the MIRA-3 FEG scanning electron microscope from TESCAN (Fuveau, France). The analysis was carried out at a pressure of 15 Pa and a voltage of 25 kV. The implant was cut to observe its interior, exterior, and open end.

After cyclic loading, one sample of M2 and N2 were placed on carbon tabs and mounted on aluminium stubs (Figure 3). 10 nm Au/Pd coating was applied at 40 mA current and 16.40 g/m³ density for 120 s at room temperature (Q150T ES, Quorum Technologies Ltd., East Sussex, UK), followed by silver painting around the specimens to reduce charging. The specimens were cleaned then with 50 psi air pressure. The specimens were scanned with SEM using secondary electrons (SE) at 5 eV (MIRA 3 FEG, TESCAN, Brno–Kohoutovice Czech Republic) at different magnification (40 kx, 7.62 kx, 2 kx, 134 x, 60 x).

An ASTM D638 (type V) [34 ] was used to prepare dog bone-shaped samples of the nanocomposites. Tensile testing was performed using a GOTECHAI-7000 universal testing machine (GOTECH Testing Machines Inc., Taichung City, Taiwan) with a 5 mm/min crosshead speed. To guarantee the validity of the test, at least five replicates were conducted under similar conditions. Izod impact tests based on ASTMD256 [35 ] were performed using an SIT-20D machine (ZwickRoell Ltd., Worcester, UK). The specimens used for the Izod impact test were notched using a V-Notch sampling machine model GT-7016-A2 (GOTECH Testing Machines Inc., Taichung City, Taiwan). Each specimen was analyzed in five replicates, and the average value was calculated. Following the ASTMD2240 (type D) [36 ] test method and using a Shore D (SD) hardness machine (ZwickRoell Ltd., Worcester, UK), the hardness behavior of the welded samples was measured. A cross-section of the nugget zone was measured to determine the hardness. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed to study the morphologies of the specimens. The fractured tensile samples were etched for 24 h to remove the NBR phase from the samples. Then, gold coatings were applied to the etched samples. The SEM analysis was performed using a Tescan SEM model MIRA3 FEG (TESCAN, Kohoutovice, Czech Republic).

In this study, FESEM-EDX was performed on the post-treatment filters to examine the potential scale deposition after the interaction of different injection brines with the formation brine. FESEM images could help to determine the local scaling behavior and surface modification effect of the treatment brines. In addition, EDX results were applied for the local elemental analysis and chemical characterization of the post-treatment filter surface. Also, FESEM images were interpreted utilizing the results from the contact-angle measurement subsection, which could provide a qualitative investigation of the wetting aspects of the rock surfaces. The surface morphology of filters was investigated with FESEM images utilizing Tescan MIRA3 FEG (Czech Republic) with an acceleration voltage of 20 kV. In addition, Tescan MIRA3 was used for EDX analysis to identify the number of atoms filled on the surface of filter samples.

Impacted third molars were collected for SEM analysis. Teeth were individually inserted and stored in 10% formaldehyde plastic vials until use. Samples were sectioned longitudinally under water cooling with a diamond saw rotating at 500 rpm (Isomet, Buehler Ltd., Lake Bluff, IL, USA). Each tooth was sliced to 1 mm thickness using a linear precision cutting machine (Figure 1). After mounting each tooth slice on a glass slide, samples were immersed in 5.25% NaOCl for 24 h for sterilization. Specimens were rinsed and soaked in 1 × phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for one week to remove residual agents and stored in a serum-free medium. Then, DPSCs at a density of 1 × 10³ cells/well were seeded on each disc. The cells were treated for 21 days and then fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde solution (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) at 4°C for 1 hour before being dehydrated by gradient ethanol. Treated DPSCs were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM; TESCAN MIRA3 FEG).

The morphology was confirmed using a field emission scanning electron microscopy at 10 kV (Tescan Mira-3 FEG, Brno, Czech Republic) and transmission electron microscopy (FEI, Tecnai G2-20, Hillsboro, OR, USA). A particle size analyzer (Malvern, Zetasizer Nano-ZS, Worcestershire, United Kingdom) was used to determine the silica particle size and zeta potential. The FT-IR spectra were recorded on Alpha-P (Bruker, Ettlingen, Germany). The XRD patterns were collected using an Ultima IV with Cu Kα radiation (Rigaku, Tokyo, Japan). The BET analyses were performed with an ASAP 2020 (Micromeritics, Gwinnett County, GA, USA) using the N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms. The pore size and distribution in the porous carbon was analyzed with an AutoPore IV 9500 mercury porosimeter at room temperature (Micromeritics, Gwinnett County, GA, USA). The XPS data were obtained using an Axis Nova (KRATOS, Tokyo, Japan) with monochromatic Al-Kα X-ray source under 10-8 Torr vacuum analysis chamber. The ICP-MS was used to analyze and confirm the cesium concentration in solution (iCAP RQ, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA).

The morphology was confirmed using a Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) at 10 kV (Tescan Mira-3 FEG, Brno-Kohoutovice, Czech Republic). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectra were recorded on Alpha-P (Bruker, Karlsruhe, Germany). X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were collected using a Ultima IV with Cu Kα radiation (Rigaku, Tokyo, Japan). The Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) curves were performed from 25 to 1000 °C using a heating rate of 10 °C/min under N₂ atmosphere (SDT Q600, TA Instruments, New Castle, DE, USA). The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analyses were performed with an ASAP 2020 (Micromeritics, Norcross, GA, USA) using the N₂ adsorption-desorption isotherms. The solutions were electrospun at room temperature using an electrospinning setup (ESR100D, NanoNC Co., Seoul, Korea). Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to analyze and confirm the caesium concentration in solution (iCAP RQ, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA).