In vivo electrophysiology recordings were performed as previously described.11 (link) Briefly, anaesthesia was induced (isoflurane 5%; 66% N2O, and 33% O2) and a cannula was inserted into the trachea, to allow continuous anesthetic delivery along the experiment (isoflurane 1.5%; 66% N2O, and 33% O2). This level of anaesthesia was maintained throughout experiments that lasted up to 9 hours. During this time the core body temperature of the rat was monitored and maintained (36·5–37°C) by means of a heating blanket connected to a rectal thermal probe via an automatic feedback control unit. The rats breathed spontaneously throughout the experiment and therefore were able to regulate their acid–base balance. A laminectomy was performed (vertebrae L1–L3) to expose segments L4-L5 of the spinal cord. Extracellular recordings of single deep wide dynamic range dorsal horn neurones (500–1000 μm depth; laminae V–VI) were made using a parylene-coated tungsten electrode (125-μm diameter, 2 MΩ; A-M systems). Positive wide dynamic range neurones were identified by their ability to respond to a range of von Frey filaments and thermal stimuli applied to the receptive field. Data were captured and analysed by a CED 1401 interface coupled to Spike 2 software (Cambridge Electronic Design, Cambridge, United Kingdom).
Parylene coated tungsten electrode
Manufactured by A-M Systems
Sourced in United States
Parylene-coated tungsten electrodes are a type of laboratory equipment designed for specialized applications. These electrodes feature a tungsten core coated with parylene, a protective polymer material. The core function of these electrodes is to provide a durable and reliable interface for electrical measurements or stimulus delivery in various experimental settings. The parylene coating helps to insulate the electrodes, enhancing their performance and suitability for specific research or testing purposes.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
9 protocols using parylene coated tungsten electrode
1
In vivo Spinal Cord Electrophysiology
2
Thalamic LFP Changes with Amphetamine
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Mice were anesthetized by ketamine (Yuhan Corporation). For depth recording, a parylene-coated tungsten electrode (0.005 in, 2 MΩ, A-M Systems, Inc.) was implanted into the ventrobasal or mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus with grounding electrodes over the cerebellum. LFP recordings were performed 1 week after the implantation. LFP activities (sampled at 200 Hz) of freely moving mice were recorded for 1 h using the NACGather program (Theta Burst Corp.). Amphetamine was delivered intraperitoneally to mice 20 min after basal LFP recording. LFP activity was recorded for 1 h briefly after the injection. LFP recordings were analyzed by Matlab, using EEGLAB and custom-written coding.
3
Extracellular Recordings of Lumbar DRG Neurons
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Mice were anesthetized using ketamine (120 mg/kg) (Fort Dodge Animal Health Ltd.) and medetomidine (1.2 mg/kg) (Orion Pharma) and secured in a stereotaxic frame. A lateral laminectomy was performed to expose lumbar DRG, and the extracellular recordings were made for L4 DRG neurons (14- to 53-μm depth) using a Parylene-coated tungsten electrode (A-M Systems) in C57BL/6 mice (n = 48 neurons). Transcutaneous electrical stimulation was delivered with bipolar electrodes at 20-ms-wide pulses at increasing intensity (1, 10, and 100 mA), and the evoked activity was visualized on an oscilloscope and discriminated on a spike amplitude and waveform basis using a CED 1401 interface coupled to Spike2 software (Cambridge Electronic Design).
4
Mapping Vibrissal Movements via Cortical Microstimulation
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
The three rats were anesthetized via an intraperitoneal injection of chloral hydrate (35 mg/100 g body weight), and the other three rats were under ketamine (75 mg/kg; xylazine, 5 mg/kg) anesthesia. They were fixed in place in a stereotaxic instrument. A craniotomy was performed over the frontal cortex. A single 250-µm diameter parylene-coated tungsten electrode with an impedance of 2 MΩ (A-M Systems) was successively lowered at a depth 1500 µm below the pia surface to stimulate various locations within the cortex. We used two microstimulation paradigms to locate areas that led to vibrissal motion. The bipolar current pulses (cathodal first) were delivered at 60 Hz with a duration of 200 µs (20–100 µA; Haiss and Schwarz, 2005 (link)). The monophasic cathodal pulses of 100 µA with a duration of 200 µs each were delivered thorough the microelectrode at 2-ms intervals (Donoghue and Wise, 1982 (link)). Visual inspection under a microscope confirmed that the vibrissae moved in response to stimulation.
5
Extracellular Recordings of Deep Dorsal Horn Neurons
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Rats were anesthetized using 4% to 5% isoflurane (66% N2O and 33% O2) and a tracheal cannula was inserted. Rats were placed in a stereotaxic frame, and core body temperature was maintained at 37°C using a feedback heating blanket. Anesthesia was reduced to 2.5% isoflurane and a laminectomy was performed at the L1-L3 vertebral level to expose the L4-L5 segments of the spinal cord. Anesthesia was then maintained at 1.5% isoflurane.
Extracellular recordings from single convergent deep dorsal horn (>600 μm) wide dynamic range (WDR) neurons were made using parylene-coated tungsten electrodes (A-M Systems, Sequim, WA). Wide dynamic range neurons respond to both innocuous and noxious stimulation in a graded manner and can respond to mechanical, thermal, electrical, and chemical stimuli. Data were captured by a CED 1401 interface coupled to a Pentium computer with Spike 2 software (Cambridge Electronic Design, UK; PSTH and rate functions).
Extracellular recordings from single convergent deep dorsal horn (>600 μm) wide dynamic range (WDR) neurons were made using parylene-coated tungsten electrodes (A-M Systems, Sequim, WA). Wide dynamic range neurons respond to both innocuous and noxious stimulation in a graded manner and can respond to mechanical, thermal, electrical, and chemical stimuli. Data were captured by a CED 1401 interface coupled to a Pentium computer with Spike 2 software (Cambridge Electronic Design, UK; PSTH and rate functions).
6
Electrophysiological Recordings of Spinal Neurons
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Electrophysiological recordings were performed by an experimenter blind to genotype. Mice were anaesthetized with isoflurane (4%; 66% N2O and 33% O2) and secured in a stereotaxic frame. Anaesthesia was reduced and maintained at 1.5% isoflurane for the remaining duration of the experiment. A laminectomy was performed to expose L3–L5 segments of the spinal cord and extracellular recordings were made from wide dynamic range (WDR) neurons in the deep dorsal horn (lamina III–V, 200–600 mm) using parylene-coated tungsten electrodes (A-M Systems) in Zfhx2 knockout mice and littermate controls. Mechanical stimuli were applied to the peripheral receptive field of spinal neurons on the hindpaw glabrous skin and the evoked activity of neurons was visualized on an oscilloscope and discriminated on a spike amplitude and waveform basis using a CED 1401 interface coupled to Spike 2 software (Cambridge Electronic Design, UK). Mechanical stimuli (innocuous brush stroke and noxious prods, 100 g/cm2 and 150 g/cm2) were applied in ascending order of intensity to receptive fields for 10 s and the total number of evoked spikes recorded.
7
Electrophysiology of Songbird Neural Responses
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Awake, restrained birds were brought back to the recording room for electrophysiology recordings 6 or 20 hours after training. Birds were non-anesthetized as habituation is not typically observed in anesthetized songbirds38 (link), but see119 (link). Parylene-coated tungsten electrodes (0.5 or 2MΩ; A-M Systems) were descended bilaterally into the approximate drug injection region from Training. Recordings were amplified using an A-M system amplifier and obtained through a connected 1401 board and Spike2 (CED). A set of stimuli were first presented to the bird search stimuli to confirm the recording site displayed NCM characteristic-like auditory responses. After site confirmation, experimental stimuli were presented to the bird while neural activity was continuously recorded. Each recording site was electrolytically lesioned following playback. Recording sites/exposures were once again covered with silicone adhesive, and birds were either sacrificed via rapid decapitation immediately after recordings (n = 8) or 2–3 days later (n = 15) to allow for lesion sites to become more pronounced and readily observable in sectioned tissue (e.g. allow time for gliosis). Extracted brains were placed in 20% sucrose-formalin for future sectioning and histological verification of recording and drug site via Nissl stain.
8
Spinal Cord Neuron Electrophysiology
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Electrophysiological recordings were performed by an experimenter blind to experimental groups. Briefly, mice were anesthetized with isofluorane (4%; 0.5L/min N2O and 1.5 L/min O2) and secured in a stereotaxic frame. Anesthesia was reduced and maintained at 1.5% isoflurane for the remaining duration of the experiment. A laminectomy was performed to expose L3–L5 segments of the spinal cord, and extracellular recordings were made from wide dynamic range neurons in the deep dorsal horn (lamina III–V, 200 to 600 μm) using parylene-coated tungsten electrodes (A-M Systems, USA). Mechanical and thermal stimuli were applied to the peripheral receptive field of spinal neurons on the hindpaw glabrous skin and the evoked activity of neurons was visualized on an oscilloscope and discriminated on a spike amplitude and waveform basis using a CED 1401 interface coupled to Spike2 software (Cambridge Electronic Design, UK). Natural stimuli (dynamic brush, vF hairs 0.16 g to 60 g, noxious prod 100 g cm−2 mechanical stimulation; thermal water jet 35 to 50 °C) were applied in ascending order of intensity to receptive fields for 10 s and the total number of evoked spikes was recorded.
9
Spinal Cord Neuronal Responses to Mechanical Stimuli
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
In vivo electrophysiology experiments were conducted on postoperative days 14-18 (SNL-operated animals) or weight/agematched naive rats as previously described (Urch and Dickenson 2003) . Briefly, animals were anaesthetised and maintained for the duration of the experiment with isofluorane (1.5%) delivered in a gaseous mix of N2O (66%) and O2 (33%). A laminectomy was performed to expose the L4-5 segments of the spinal cord.
Extracellular recordings were made from deep dorsal horn neurons (lamina V-VI) using parylene coated tungsten electrodes (A-M systems, USA). All the neurons recorded were wide dynamic range (WDR) and responded to natural stimuli including brush, low and high intensity mechanical and thermal stimuli in a graded manner with coding of increasing intensity.
The peripheral receptive field (hind paw) was stimulated using punctate mechanical stimuli (von Frey filaments 8, 26 and 60 g) and the number of action potentials fired in 5 s was recorded. Data were captured and analysed by a CED 1401 interface coupled to a Pentium computer with Spike 2 software (Cambridge Electronic Design; rate functions).
Three baseline responses to mechanical stimuli as detailed above were characterised for each neuron before DNIC and subsequent pharmacological assessment (a drug study was carried out on one neuron per animal only).
Extracellular recordings were made from deep dorsal horn neurons (lamina V-VI) using parylene coated tungsten electrodes (A-M systems, USA). All the neurons recorded were wide dynamic range (WDR) and responded to natural stimuli including brush, low and high intensity mechanical and thermal stimuli in a graded manner with coding of increasing intensity.
The peripheral receptive field (hind paw) was stimulated using punctate mechanical stimuli (von Frey filaments 8, 26 and 60 g) and the number of action potentials fired in 5 s was recorded. Data were captured and analysed by a CED 1401 interface coupled to a Pentium computer with Spike 2 software (Cambridge Electronic Design; rate functions).
Three baseline responses to mechanical stimuli as detailed above were characterised for each neuron before DNIC and subsequent pharmacological assessment (a drug study was carried out on one neuron per animal only).
About PubCompare
Our mission is to provide scientists with the largest repository of trustworthy protocols and intelligent analytical tools, thereby offering them extensive information to design robust protocols aimed at minimizing the risk of failures.
We believe that the most crucial aspect is to grant scientists access to a wide range of reliable sources and new useful tools that surpass human capabilities.
However, we trust in allowing scientists to determine how to construct their own protocols based on this information, as they are the experts in their field.
Ready to get started?
Sign up for free.
Registration takes 20 seconds.
Available from any computer
No download required
Revolutionizing how scientists
search and build protocols!