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5 protocols using swine anti rabbit fitc

1

Immunodetection of Exosomal Proteins

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Mouse-anti-LMP1 OT21C is a noncommercial monoclonal antibody that reacts with a conformational epitope mapping at residues 290–318, described previously (27 (link)). Mouse monoclonal antibody against CD63 was purchased from BD Biosciences (clone H5C6). Polyclonal antibody against CD63 (NKI-C3) (28 (link)) was kindly provided by Dr Jacques Neefjes (NKI, Amsterdam, the Netherlands). Rabbit polyclonal antibody against TRAF2 and mouse monoclonal antibodies against heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and β-actin were purchased from Santa Cruz. Rabbit polyclonal antibodies against Src and Fyn were purchased from Cell Signaling. The secondary antibodies swine-anti-rabbit FITC, swine-anti-rabbit HRP, and rabbit-anti-mouse HRP were purchased from DAKO, and goat-anti-mouse Alexa594 and goat-anti-rabbit Alexa594 were from Molecular Probes. Poly-L-lysine was obtained from Sigma. For Western blotting, cells or exosomes were lysed in a 1% sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) buffer, and equal amounts of protein were loaded onto an SDS/PAGE (poly-acrylamide gel electrophoresis) gel. All gels were run under reducing conditions. 2-bromopalmitate (2BP) was purchased from Sigma.
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2

Immunofluorescence Assay for Mitotic Cells

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Asynchronously-growing cells were treated for 15 min with Colcemid (KaryoMax, Invitrogen), resuspended in 75 mmol/L KCl and spun onto poly-l-lysine-coated slides (Cytospin, Shandon). Following fixation in absolute methanol, the cells were permeabilised in KCM (120 mmol/L KCl, 20 mmol/L NaCl, 10 mmol/L Tris.Cl, pH 8.0, 0.5 mol/L EDTA and 0.01% Triton X-100) and rabbit anti-chicken CENP-I antibody used at 1:1000 [50 (link)]. To estimate the mitotic index, cells were spun onto poly-l-lysine-coated slides in growth medium, fixed with 2% paraformaldehyde (ThermoFisher, Waltham, MA, USA) in PBS before permeabilisation in 0.1% Triton X-100 in PBS. The rabbit anti-histone H3S10ph antibody was used at 1:100 (Upstate). Secondary antibody, swine anti-rabbit FITC (Dako), was used at 1:100.
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3

Immunofluorescence Analysis of HUVEC Proteins

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For immunofluorescence, HUVECs were seeded on gelatin-coated glass cover slips plated in 24-well plates and transfected with corresponding siRNA amount as described above. The cells were grown overnight in ECGM with 10% FCS. After incubation in 0.5% FCS for 24 h, the cells were washed with PBS and fixed with 4% formaldehyde for 10 min at room temperature. Then, cells were incubated in the blocking and permeabilization buffer containing 2.5% BSA and 0.3% Triton X-100. Subsequently, the cells were incubated with primary antibodies overnight at 4 °C. After washing with PBS, cells were incubated with secondary antibodies conjugated with FITC or TRITC for 1 h at room temperature. Finally, the slides were washed and mounted with mowiol (Calbiochem, Germany). The primary antibodies were rabbit-anti-FoxO1 (Cell Signaling), goat-anti-Ang-2 (Santa Cruz) and mouse-anti-O-GlcNAc (Abcam). The secondary antibodies were swine anti-rabbit FITC (DakoCytomation), swine anti-rabbit TRITC (DakoCytomation, Glostrup, Denmark), goat anti-mouse-FITC (Sigma-Aldrich) and Donkey anti-goat FITC (Acris, OriGene Europe, Herford, Germany). Photos were taken by confocal laser scanning microscopy (Leica Microsystems, Germany). Quantification of the protein expression in immunofluorescence was performed using Image J (NIH, USA).
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4

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Retinal Microglia

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Retinal paraffin-embedded sections or whole retinae were incubated at 4°C overnight with the following primary antibodies: rabbit anti-rat high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB-1) (Upstate/Millipore, Schwalbach, Germany), rabbit anti-rat ionized calcium-binding factor adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1) (Wako Chemicals, Neuss, Germany), rabbit anti-rat DPP4 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), mouse anti-rat thymocyte antigen-1.1 (Thy1.1) (AbD Serotec, Düsseldorf, Germany), and rabbit anti-rat GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) (Abcam, Cambridge, UK). Sections or whole retinae were incubated with the following secondary antibodies: swine anti-rabbit FITC (Dako Cytomation, Hamburg, Germany) for HMGB-1, DPP4 and GLP-1R, donkey anti-rabbit AF 555 (Life Technologies, Darmstadt, Germany) for Iba1, and rabbit anti-mouse TRITC (Dako Cytomation, Hamburg, Germany) for Thy1.1. The sections or whole retinae were covered with Vectashield mounting medium (Vector/Linaris, Dossenheim, Germany). Photos were taken using a confocal microscope (Leica, Wetzlar, Germany) and microglial cells positive for Iba1 were quantified per mm² in whole retinae.
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5

Microvesicle Isolation and Labeling for Shiga Toxin

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HeLa cells were stimulated with Stx1B:Alexa488 or Stx2. Microvesicles were isolated and labeled with mouse anti-CD44PE and rabbit anti-Stx2 (BEI resources, Manassas, VA) and swine anti-rabbit FITC (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark), both diluted in 0.1% saponin (Sigma-Aldrich). Platelets were stimulated with Stx1 or Stx2. Microvesicles were isolated and labeled with mouse anti-CD42PE and mouse anti-Stx1 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX) and goat anti-mouse FITC (Dako), both diluted in 0.1% saponin, or rabbit anti-Stx2 as above. The procedure is detailed in the supplement.
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