Dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine dope

Manufactured by Avanti Polar Lipids

Sourced in United States

Dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) is a synthetic lipid compound used in various laboratory applications. It is a phospholipid with a zwitterionic headgroup and two unsaturated oleic acid chains. DOPE is commonly used in the preparation of liposomes and lipid-based drug delivery systems.

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9 protocols using dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine dope

Formulation of Chitosan-Based Antimicrobial Agents

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P. aeruginosa ATCC^® 27853 ™ was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC; Rockville, MD, USA). Muller Hinton Cation-Adjusted Broth and Colistin Sulfate were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Cholesterol and dioleoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine (DOPE) were obtained from Avanti Polar Lipids (Alabaster, AL, USA). Soy lecithin (Medick) was purchased from a local pharmacy (Cali-Colombia) and characterized in a recent study [21 (link)]. Chitosan with a deacetylation degree of >90% (MW = 477 KDa) was provided by the Laboratory of Design and Formulation of Chemicals and Derivatives of the Icesi University [22 (link)].

Laverde-Rojas V., Liscano Y., Rivera-Sánchez S.P., Ocampo-Ibáñez I.D., Betancourt Y., Alhajj M.J., Yarce C.J., Salamanca C.H, & Oñate-Garzón J. (2020). Antimicrobial Contribution of Chitosan Surface-Modified Nanoliposomes Combined with Colistin against Sensitive and Colistin-Resistant Clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pharmaceutics, 13(1), 41.

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Peptide K16GACSERSMNFCG19 Liposome Formulation

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Peptide K₁₆GACSERSMNFCG19 (link) was synthesised by China Peptide Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China), and dissolved in endotoxin-free water (Sigma-Aldrich, Dorset, UK) to 10 mg/mL. Liposome consisted of 1-Propanaminium, N,N,N-trimethyl-2,3-bis(11Z-hexadecenyloxy)-chloride (DHDTMA chloride; Avanti Polar Lipids; Alabama, USA) with dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE; Avanti Polar Lipids; Alabama, USA) formulated at a 1:1 weight ratio and dissolved in sterile water to give a 2 mg/mL liposome suspension.

Munye M.M., Tagalakis A.D., Barnes J.L., Brown R.E., McAnulty R.J., Howe S.J, & Hart S.L. (2016). Minicircle DNA Provides Enhanced and Prolonged Transgene Expression Following Airway Gene Transfer. Scientific Reports, 6, 23125.

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Lipid Standards Procurement and Characterization

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All reagents used were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO). Phospholipid standards including dioleoylphosphatidylserine (DOPS), dioleoylphosphatidyl-ethanolamine (DOPE), dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC) and 1,1’,2,2’-tetraoleoylcardiolipin (TOCL) were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids (Alabaster, AL, USA).

Stoyanovsky D.A., Sparvero L.J., Amoscato A.A., He R.R., Watkins S., Pitt B.R., Bayir H, & Kagan V.E. (2014). Improved Spatial Resolution of MALDI Imaging of Lipids in the Brain by Alkylated Derivatives of 2,5-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid. Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM, 28(5), 403-412.

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Plasmid-Mediated Gene Delivery with Lipid Carriers

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Plasmids pCI-Luc and pEFGP-N1 were prepared as previously described12 (link). Plasmid pCI-Luc comprises the luciferase reporter gene sub-cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pCI (Promega, Southampton, UK) with transcription driven by the cytomegalovirus immediate/early promoter-enhancer13 (link). The plasmid pEGFP-N1 was purchased from Clontech (Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France). Peptide K₁₆GACSERSMNFCG19 (link) was synthesised by Zinsser Analytic (Maidenhead, UK), and dissolved in endotoxin-free water (Sigma-Aldrich, Dorset, UK) to 10 mg/mL. Liposomes consisted of 1-Propanaminium, N,N,N-trimethyl-2,3-bis(11Z-hexadecenyloxy)-iodide (DHDTMA iodide; Avanti Polar Lipids; Alabama, USA) with either dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE; Avanti Polar Lipids; Alabama, USA) or dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC; Avanti Polar Lipids; Alabama, USA) formulated at a 1:1 weight ratio, dissolved in sterile water to give a 2 mg/mL liposome suspension.

Munye M.M., Ravi J., Tagalakis A.D., McCarthy D., Ryadnov M.G, & Hart S.L. (2015). Role of liposome and peptide in the synergistic enhancement of transfection with a lipopolyplex vector. Scientific Reports, 5, 9292.

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Preparation and Characterization of Cationic Liposomes

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Cationic lipids (3β-[N-(N′,N′-dimethyl-aminoethane)-carbamoyl])-cholesterol (DC-Chol) and 1,2-Dioleoyl-3-trimethyl-ammonium-propane (DOTAP), zwitterionic lipids dioleoyl-phosphocholine (DOPC) and dioleoyl-phosphatidyl-ethanol-amine (DOPE) were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids (Alabaster, AL) and used without further refinement. For the preparation of MC liposomes, DC-Chol, DOTAP, DOPC and DOPE were dissolved in chloroform (molar ratios 1:1:1:1) and the solvent was evaporated under vacuum for 2 hours. Lipid films were then hydrated with ultrapure water to obtain a final concentration of 1 mg/ml. Finally, the obtained liposome solutions were extruded 20 times through a 0.1 μm polycarbonate filter with an Avanti Mini-Extruder (Avanti Polar Lipids, Alabaster, AL). For fluorescence microscopy experiment liposomal formulations were synthesized with the addition of Texas red-DOPE (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA) (Concentration 7 10⁻³ mg/mL; fluorescent lipid/total lipid molar ratio = 5/1000).

Digiacomo L., Cardarelli F., Pozzi D., Palchetti S., Digman M.A., Gratton E., Capriotti A.L., Mahmoudi M, & Caracciolo G. (2017). Apolipoprotein-enriched biomolecular corona switches the cellular uptake mechanism and trafficking pathway of lipid nanoparticles. Nanoscale, 9(44), 17254-17262.

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Lipid-Based Nanoparticle Formulation Protocol

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EPA was purchased from MetonChem (China). Hydrogenated soy phosphatidylcholine (HSPC), cholesterol (Chol), mPEG2000-distearoylphosphatidyl-ethanolamine (mPEG2000-DSPE), N-[1-(2, 3-Dioleoyloxy) propyl]-N, N, N-trimethylammoniummethyl-sulfate (DOTAP) and dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids (Alabaster, AL, USA). Hyaluronidase enzyme was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). Collagenase Type I enzyme was purchased from Gibco (UK). Phytohemagglutinin (PHA), Calcein AM (AM = acetoxymethyl) were purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA). All flow cytometry antibodies and kits were purchased from BD Biosciences (SanDiego, USA). All solvents and materials were purchased from Merck (Germany) and were in the analytical grade.

Tahaghoghi-Hajghorbani S., Yazdani M., Nikpoor A.R., Hatamipour M., Ajami A., Jaafari M.R., Badiee A, & Rafiei A. (2023). Targeting the tumor microenvironment by liposomal Epacadostat in combination with liposomal gp100 vaccine. Scientific Reports, 13, 5802.

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Cisplatin-Loaded Lipid Nanoformulation

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Cisplatin was received as a kind gift sample from Pharmedic Laboratories Pvt (Ltd.) Pakistan. Dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) was obtained from Avanti Polar Lipids, Inc., Alabaster, AL, USA, cholesteryl hemisuccinate (CHEMS) from Avanti Polar Lipids, Inc., Alabaster, AL, USA, and DSPE-PEG₂₀₀₀ was a kind gift from LIPOID, Steinhausen, Switzerland. 4, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI) was purchased from Vector Laboratories, Inc, Burlingame, CA, USA. Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and paraformaldehyde were procured from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA. Dulbecco modified eagle medium (DMEM) was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific Corporation, San Francisco, CA, USA. Polycarbonate-membrane-based mini extruders (Nano-sizer Mini^®) were purchased from T&T scientific, Knoxville, TN, USA. Chloroform and methanol were of analytical grade and were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim am Albuch, Germany. Distilled water was freshly prepared by the distillation plant (IRMECO^®, Schwarzenbek, Lütjensee, Germany).

Shah H., Madni A., Khan M.M., Ahmad F.U., Jan N., Khan S., Rahim M.A., Khan S., Ali M.M, & Kazi M. (2022). pH-Responsive Liposomes of Dioleoyl Phosphatidylethanolamine and Cholesteryl Hemisuccinate for the Enhanced Anticancer Efficacy of Cisplatin. Pharmaceutics, 14(1), 129.

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Ampicillin Liposomal Formulation Development

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Ampicillin (Fersinsa Gb) was supplied by Tecnoquímicas S.A. (Cali, Colombia), and was used as received. Soy lecithin or phosphatidylcholine Epikuron 200™, Mw = 786 g/mol from Cargill (Wayzata, MN, USA), dioleoyl-phosphatidyl-ethanolamine (DOPE, Mw = 744.03 g/mol) and cholesterol (Mw = 386 g/mol) were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids (Alabaster, AL, USA). Eudragit^® E-100 from Evonik (Darmstadt, Germany) was used for liposomes surface coating. Ethanol USP grade was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). (Merck) Ultrapure water was supplied from an Elix Essential Millipore^® purification system, with a mean conductivity value of ~1 μS/cm.

Arévalo L.M., Yarce C.J., Oñate-Garzón J, & Salamanca C.H. (2018). Decrease of Antimicrobial Resistance through Polyelectrolyte-Coated Nanoliposomes Loaded with β-Lactam Drug. Pharmaceuticals, 12(1), 1.

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Phospholipid-mediated Protein Detection

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Unless otherwise specified, reagents and antibodies were obtained from Millipore-Sigma (St. Louis, MO). The cationic phospholipid N-[(dioleoyloxy)propyl]-N,N,N,-trimethylammonium chloride (DOTAP) and the neutral phospholipid dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids (Alabaster, AL). Mouse monoclonal α-cortactin-phospho-Y-486 (# AB3853) antibody was obtained from Merck Millipore (Darmstadt/Germany). Mouse angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) antibody was obtained from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN). Reagents for western blotting were purchased from Bio-Rad (Hercules, CA). Immobilon-P transfer membrane was purchased from Millipore Corp. (Bedford, MA).

Belvitch P., Casanova N., Sun X., Camp S.M., Sammani S., Brown M.E., Mascarhenas J., Lynn H., Adyshev D., Siegler J., Desai A., Seyed-Saadat L., Rizzo A., Bime C., Shekhawat G.S., Dravid V.P., Reilly J.P., Jones T.K., Feng R., Letsiou E., Meyer N.J., Ellis N., Garcia J.G, & Dudek S.M. (2022). A cortactin CTTN coding SNP contributes to lung vascular permeability and inflammatory disease severity in African descent subjects. Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine, 244, 56-74.

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