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5 protocols using cyp1a1

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Molecular Mechanisms of Phytochemical-Mediated AhR Modulation

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Quercetin, isorhamnetin, miquelianin, B[a]P, 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI), nuclease P1, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and Triton X-100 were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Minimum essential medium (MEM), penicillin/streptomycin, fetal bovine serum (FBS), sodium pyruvate, and trypsin-EDTA were purchased from Welgene (Daegu, South Korea). Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was purchased from Biosesang (Seongnam, South Korea). Fluorescent mounting medium was purchased from Dako (Santa Clara, CA, USA). Antibodies (anti-NRF2, AhR, CYP1A1, GSTA1, CYP1A1, CYP1B1, ABCC2, ABCC3, and β-actin) and Alexa 488-conjugated anti-rabbit secondary antibodies were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA).
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Protein Expression Analysis Protocol

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Following required treatments, cells were lysed and proteins separated by SDS-PAGE then electroblotted onto PVDF membranes, Membranes were blocked in Tris-buffered saline (TBS) containing 5% milk and 0.1% Tween-20 (1 hr), then incubated with 1o Abs (CYP 1A1, TfR1; Cell Signaling; O/N, 4oC). Membrane incubation with 2o Abs preceeded ECL detection. Images were examined on a C-DiGit blot scanner (LI-Cor-Biosciences). Cells were seeded at a density of 2×105 in wells with coverslips and allowed 24 hrs to attach. Following 24 hrs exposure to the test compound, live images of the cells were taken using a Zeiss LSM 510 fluorescence microscope equipped with a UV laser.
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Protein Expression Analysis in Colonic Tissue

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The colonic tissues were lysed with RIPA extraction buffer (Solarbio, China) containing a 1% protease inhibitor cocktail. Following centrifugation at 12,000 rpm for 15 min at 4°C, the supernatant was collected and the total protein concentration was quantified using a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit (Solarbio, China). Proteins were separated by SDS–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and transferred onto polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membranes (Millipore, USA). The membranes were blocked with 5% skim milk for 1.5 h and incubated with primary antibodies against PXR (Abcam, USA), E-cadherin (Cell Signaling Technology, USA), Cyp1a1 (Cell Signaling Technology, USA), and occludin (Cell Signaling Technology, USA) overnight at 4°C. The membranes were washed and incubated with HRP-labeled secondary antibodies at room temperature for 2 h, followed by signal detection with an ECL Kit (Solarbio, China).
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Immunoblotting Analysis of HepG2 Cells

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After treatment of HepG2 liver cancer cell lines with different concentrations of EO for 24 h, cells were harvested using trypsin and washed twice with ice-cold PBS. For the immunoblotting analysis, treated cells were lysed in RIPA buffer (Santa Cruz Biotech, CA, USA) for 14 min on ice, then centrifuged at 8000× g for 15 min at 4 °C. Supernatants were collected and estimated using Bradford reagent. An equal amount of protein was denatured at 92 °C for 7 min. Denatured proteins were then separated on SDS-PAGE gels and transferred to PVDF membranes. Membranes were blocked with 5% non-fat milk at room temperature for 30 min, incubated with primary antibodies (BCL-2, 1:1000; CASPASE-3, 1:2000; CYP-1A1, 1:1000; and NFκB, 1:1500) from cell-signaling technology (CST; Beverly, MA, USA) overnight at 4 °C, and then washed and incubated with horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody at room temperature for 1 h. Protein bands were visualized by enhanced chemiluminescence (Hisense, Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) and analyzed using a Licor analyzer. β-actin (1:2000) was used as an internal control [54 (link)].
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5

Protein Expression Analysis by Western Blot

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Cells were collected after induction and cell lysate was prepared from 1 × 10 7 cells. The proteins were resolved by SDS-PAGE and transferred to polyvinylidene uoride membranes (Sigma, USA). The membrane was blocked in 5% bovine serum albumin or nonfat dry milk in Tris-buffered saline for 2 h at room temperature, then incubated with mouse primary antibodies overnight at 4℃. The membrane was washed and incubated with primary antibodies against CYP1A1 or β-actin (all from Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA), and horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies were added. Then, the bands were detected using ECL luminescent reagents (Pierce, USA). GAPDH was used as a loading control.
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