Double fixation: The samples were cut into 1 cm × 1 cm size and first fixed with 2.5% glutaraldhyde in phosphate buffer (0.1 M, pH7.0) for more than 4 h; washed three times in the phosphate buffer (0.1 M, pH7.0) for 15 min at each step; then postfixed with 1% OSO4 in phosphate buffer for 1–2 h and washed three times in the phosphate buffer (0.1 M, pH7.0) for 15 min at each step. Next, dehydration: the sample was first dehydrated by a graded series of ethanol (30%,50%,70%,80%,90%,95% and 100%) for about 15 to 20 min at each step, transferred to the mixture of ethanol and iso-amyl acetate (v:v = 1:1) for about 30 min, then transferred to pure iso-amyl acetate for about 1 h or overnight. In the end, the sample was dehydrated in Hitachi Model HCP-2 critical point dryer with liquid CO2. Finally, coating and observation: the dehydrated sample was coated with gold-palladium in Hitachi Model E-1010 ion sputter for 4–5 min and observed in Hitachi Model TM-1000 SEM.
Model tm 1000 sem
The Hitachi Model TM-1000 SEM is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) designed for high-resolution imaging and analysis of a wide range of samples. It operates at an accelerating voltage of 15 kV and can achieve a magnification range of up to 10,000x. The TM-1000 SEM provides a compact and user-friendly solution for researchers and technicians requiring detailed surface characterization and morphological information.
6 protocols using model tm 1000 sem
Skin Sample Preparation for SEM Analysis
Double fixation: The samples were cut into 1 cm × 1 cm size and first fixed with 2.5% glutaraldhyde in phosphate buffer (0.1 M, pH7.0) for more than 4 h; washed three times in the phosphate buffer (0.1 M, pH7.0) for 15 min at each step; then postfixed with 1% OSO4 in phosphate buffer for 1–2 h and washed three times in the phosphate buffer (0.1 M, pH7.0) for 15 min at each step. Next, dehydration: the sample was first dehydrated by a graded series of ethanol (30%,50%,70%,80%,90%,95% and 100%) for about 15 to 20 min at each step, transferred to the mixture of ethanol and iso-amyl acetate (v:v = 1:1) for about 30 min, then transferred to pure iso-amyl acetate for about 1 h or overnight. In the end, the sample was dehydrated in Hitachi Model HCP-2 critical point dryer with liquid CO2. Finally, coating and observation: the dehydrated sample was coated with gold-palladium in Hitachi Model E-1010 ion sputter for 4–5 min and observed in Hitachi Model TM-1000 SEM.
Imaging Plant Reproductive Structures with SEM and TEM
Morphological Analysis of Fungal Cultures
For TEM, the samples were fixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde in phosphate buffer (0.1 M, pH 7.0; >4 h) followed by post-fixation with 1% OsO4 in phosphate buffer (1–2 h). After washing, the specimens were dehydrated by graded ethanol and incubated in acetone. After resin embedding, the samples were sectioned on a LEICA EM UC7 ultratome, followed by staining with uranyl acetate and alkaline lead citrate (each 5 to 10 min) and analysis under a Hitachi Model H-7650 TEM (HITACHI, Tokyo, Japan).
For SEM, the specimens were fixed and post-fixed as described above for TEM. Then, they were transferred into ethanol:iso-amyl acetate (1:1 v/v) for 30 min, and iso-amyl acetate overnight. After dehydration in a Hitachi Model HCP-2 critical point dryer (HITACHI, Tokyo, Japan) with liquid CO2, the specimens were coated with gold-palladium on a Hitachi Model E-1010 ion sputter (4–5 min) before analysis on a Hitachi Model TM-1000 SEM.
Petal Epidermal Cell and Vacuole Analysis
Leaf Ultrastructural Analysis Protocol
Transcriptome Analysis of Osmanthus fragrans
RNA extraction, cDNA library preparation and sequencing RNA isolation and RNA puri cation of 18 samples were carried out as described previously [51] . The cDNA library preparation and sequencing of 18 samples of O. fragrans were respectively performed as described previously [52] for RNA-seq analysis. What's more, a RNA pool mixed from 18 RNA samples was used to construct a cDNA library for reference transcriptome sequencing. The Illumina sequencing was performed at the Beijing Genomics Institute (BGI) (Shenzhen, China) (http://www.genomics.cn/index.php) according to the manufacturer's instructions (Illumina Inc, San Diego, CA, USA). A total of 18 sets of raw reads were obtained for RNA-seq analysis, corresponding to H2-1, H2-2, H2-3, H4-1, H4-2, H4-3, H6-1, H6-2, H6-3, L2-1, L2-2, L2-3, L4-1, L4-2, L4-3, L6-1, L6-2, and L6-3, while raw reads were obtained for reference transcriptome corresponding to ALL.
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