DSC analysis was carried out on a NETZSCH simultaneous thermal analyzer 449 F1 Jupiter, Selb, Germany. The machine was operated in a temperature range of 25 to 550 °C. The temperature was increased at a rate of 10 °C/min at 50 mL/min of nitrogen purging. DSC was used to analyze two aspects: (1) the nature of the chemical interaction (grafting or physical interlocking), and (2) effects of moisture-based degradation on thermal properties.
449 f1 jupiter
Manufactured by Netzsch
Sourced in Germany
The 449 F1 Jupiter is a thermal analysis instrument designed for simultaneous thermogravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements. It provides precise and reliable data for the characterization of materials under controlled temperature and atmosphere conditions.
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Lab products found in correlation
4 protocols using 449 f1 jupiter
1
Thermal Analysis of Moisture-Induced Degradation
2
Thermal Analysis of Dry Samples
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The dry samples were subjected to TG/DTG/DSC thermal analysis using a simultaneous thermal analyzer (Netzsch, 449 F1 Jupiter, Selb, Germany). Term TG/DTG/DSC stands for thermogravimetry/difference thermogravimetry/differential scanning calorimetry. TG/DTG results present how material decomposes in the function of temperature, while the DSC results show transformations and reactions occurring at a particular temperature.
The sample was placed into a corundum crucible. The mixture of nitrogen and argon 4:1 was used as an inert gas. The sample was heated 10 °C∙min−1 from 30–800 °C. As a reference, an empty crucible was used. TGA/DTG/DSC analyzer automatically recalculated DSC data to mW·mg−1 and determined DTG from TG.
The TG data was used to determine kinetic parameters according to the Coats–Redfern (CR) method. The CR’s kinetic triplet is activation energy (Ea), pre-exponential factor (A), and order of reaction (n). The methodology of CR determination was presented elsewhere [24 (link)].
The sample was placed into a corundum crucible. The mixture of nitrogen and argon 4:1 was used as an inert gas. The sample was heated 10 °C∙min−1 from 30–800 °C. As a reference, an empty crucible was used. TGA/DTG/DSC analyzer automatically recalculated DSC data to mW·mg−1 and determined DTG from TG.
The TG data was used to determine kinetic parameters according to the Coats–Redfern (CR) method. The CR’s kinetic triplet is activation energy (Ea), pre-exponential factor (A), and order of reaction (n). The methodology of CR determination was presented elsewhere [24 (link)].
3
Characterization of UASB Sludge and Biosulfur
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The sludge contained in the riser of the UASB was sampled after 50 days of operation and was analyzed, together with a biosulfur sample, to obtain the granular size distribution (GSD) using laser diffraction based technology (Mastersizer 2000, Malvern Panalytical
Ltd.) and total and volatile suspended solids (TSS and VSS, respectively) following the standard method analysis (APHA, 2005) . Biosulfur (centrifuged sample from the CSTR)
and sedimented solids from jar tests were also analyzed to obtain the main characteristics of the product. Sulfur purity was determined from the elemental analysis of centrifuged and lyophilized samples with a Flash EA 2000 CHNS instrument (Thermo Fisher Scientific) connected to a microbalance (MX5, Mettler Toledo). In the case of biosulfur, a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was also performed using a differential scanning calorimeter (449 F1 Jupiter, NETZSCH) in order to assess the effect of heat and air over the stability of biosulfur. DSC allows measuring enthalpy changes in samples due to changes in their physical and chemical properties as a function of temperature or time.
Information about the melting point of biosulfur or the energy associated to its oxidation can be obtained with TGA.
Ltd.) and total and volatile suspended solids (TSS and VSS, respectively) following the standard method analysis (APHA, 2005) . Biosulfur (centrifuged sample from the CSTR)
and sedimented solids from jar tests were also analyzed to obtain the main characteristics of the product. Sulfur purity was determined from the elemental analysis of centrifuged and lyophilized samples with a Flash EA 2000 CHNS instrument (Thermo Fisher Scientific) connected to a microbalance (MX5, Mettler Toledo). In the case of biosulfur, a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was also performed using a differential scanning calorimeter (449 F1 Jupiter, NETZSCH) in order to assess the effect of heat and air over the stability of biosulfur. DSC allows measuring enthalpy changes in samples due to changes in their physical and chemical properties as a function of temperature or time.
Information about the melting point of biosulfur or the energy associated to its oxidation can be obtained with TGA.
4
Thermal Stability of Printed Blends
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TGA was carried out on a simultaneous thermal analyzer 449 F1 Jupiter from NETZSCH, Selb, Germany. The machine was operated in a temperature range of 25 to 550 °C, increased at a rate of 10 °C/min. The nitrogen purging (50 mL/min) was also used to perform the tests. TGA was used to quantitatively evaluate the following aspects: physical interlocking and stability of the printed blend after moisture treatments.
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