Participants went through resting transthoracic two-dimensional, M-mode and Doppler echocardiography by trained personnel [19 (link)], based on a standard protocol, using a commercially available ultrasonography system (AU3 Partner, Esaote Biomedica, with a 3.5/2.5 MHz transducer) until October 2003 and from then on by Acuson Cypress, Siemens, USA with a 3V2c transducer. From January 2009, a Vivid I (Vivid I, GE Healthcare, Little Chalfont, UK) with a 3S-RS Sector Array probe (1.5–3.6 MHz) was used. A maximum of three measurements were available for study participants. We used LVEF(%) calculated based on the Teichholz formula for LV systolic function, LV mass indexed by body surface area (LVM index) as an important predictor factor for HF [20 (link)], E wave/A wave ratio (E/A), left atrial anteroposterior diameter (LA diameter), E/e’ ratio (E/e’) for LV diastolic function. Detailed information is provided in Additional file 1 : Methods S1 [19 (link), 21 (link)].
Au3 partner
Manufactured by Esaote
Sourced in United States
The AU3 Partner is a compact ultrasound system designed for a wide range of diagnostic applications. It features advanced imaging capabilities and a user-friendly interface.
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Lab products found in correlation
2 protocols using au3 partner
1
Standardized Echocardiographic Evaluation of Cardiac Function
2
Comprehensive Cardiac Assessment Protocol
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From RSI‐4 and RSII‐2 onwards, individuals went through transthoracic 2‐dimensional, M‐mode and Doppler echocardiography at every examination performed by commercially available ultrasonography systems (AU3 Partner, Esaote Biomedica, with a 3.5/2.5‐MHz transducer or Acuson Cypress, with a 3V2c transducer). As of January 2009, a Vivid I (GE Healthcare, Little Chalfont, UK), with a 3 S‐RS Sector Array probe (1.5–3.6 MHz) was used. (Number of individuals with echocardiography data in the RS were RSI‐4 and RSII‐2=5301; RSI‐5 and RSII‐3=3378; RSI‐6 and RSII‐4=1669). Left systolic function indexes included LV end‐diastolic dimension and LV end‐systolic dimension, in millimeters. To quantify LV systolic function, LV ejection fraction (LVEF) was calculated using LV end‐systolic and end‐diastolic volumes based on the Teichholz formula.16 Indexes of LV diastolic function included mitral E wave/A wave (E/A) ratio and mitral valve deceleration time in m/s. Left atrial (LA) anteroposterior diameter was measured from the 2‐ and 4‐chamber parasternal echocardiography views in millimeters. LV mass (LVM) indexed by body surface area was calculated using the cube formula.
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