IF and CP were purchased from Shionogi and Co., Ltd. (Osaka, Japan), and BD was obtained from SymBio Pharmaceuticals Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). Methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, and acetone were obtained from Kanto Chemical Co., Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). The chemical structures of IF, CP and BD are shown in Fig. 1.
Methanol
Manufactured by Kanto Chemical
Sourced in Japan
Methanol is a clear, colorless, and flammable liquid chemical compound. It is commonly used as a solvent, fuel, and feedstock for the production of other chemicals.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Acetonitrile, by Kanto Chemical (21 mentions)
Chloroform, by Kanto Chemical (11 mentions)
Acetone, by Kanto Chemical (10 mentions)
Ethanol, by Kanto Chemical (10 mentions)
N n dimethylformamide (dmf), by Kanto Chemical (7 mentions)
Ethyl acetate, by Kanto Chemical (5 mentions)
Toluene, by Kanto Chemical (5 mentions)
Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Kanto Chemical (4 mentions)
Lc ms grade water, by Kanto Chemical (4 mentions)
2 propanol, by Kanto Chemical (4 mentions)
Acetic acid, by Kanto Chemical (4 mentions)
Formic acid, by Fujifilm (4 mentions)
1 propanol, by Kanto Chemical (3 mentions)
Tetrahydrofuran, by Kanto Chemical (3 mentions)
Hexane, by Kanto Chemical (3 mentions)
Ammonium acetate, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Isopropanol, by Kanto Chemical (3 mentions)
N hexane, by Kanto Chemical (3 mentions)
Diethyl ether, by Kanto Chemical (3 mentions)
Acetic acid, by Fujifilm (3 mentions)
69 protocols using methanol
1
Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Compounds
2
Synthesis and Characterization of Polymers
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Acetone, hexane, tetrahydrofuran (THF), methanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), ethanol, acetonitrile, acryloyl chloride, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and diethyl ether were purchased from Kanto Chemical. Copper (I) chloride (CuCl), lithium bromide (LiBr), ethylamine, and DIBOD were purchased from the Tokyo Chemical Industry. Sodium azide and dibenzocyclooctyne-amine (DBCO-amine) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) for preparing the GPC/SEC’s eluent and hydrochloric acid (12 N) were purchased from FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Industry. Pentaerythritol tetra (2-chloropropionate) (PETCP) was commercially obtained as a custom-made product from the Tokyo Chemical Industry and used as an initiator. Ultrapure water (specific resistance value: 18.2 MΩ cm) obtained by purifying tap water with a Direct-Q 3UV manufactured by Millipore was used. In addition, N-isopropyl acrylamide (NIPA) and tris (2-dimethylamino ethyl) amine (Me6TREN) were kindly provided by Kohjin and Mitsubishi Chemical, respectively. NIPA was purified by recrystallization using a mixture of hexane and Acetone. Me6TREN (Mitsubishi Chemical) and DMF (Kanto Chemical) for synthesis were purified by vacuum distillation. Furthermore, other chemicals were used without purification.
3
MALDI-MSI Analysis of Frozen Liver Tissues
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The mice were anesthetised, sacrificed and dissected after 8 weeks of feeding with the experimental diets. Liver blocks were immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at −80 °C to minimise degradation. Tissues were sliced into 10-μm-thick sections using a cryostat, and thaw-mounted on indium-tin oxide glass sample plates (HST Inc., Newark, NJ, USA). The DHB matrix was dissolved in methanol (Kanto Chemical. Co. Inc., Tokyo Japan) to a concentration of 30 mg/mL and a total of 2 mL was manually sprayed using a Prokon Boy WA double action platinum airbrush (0.2 mm injection nozzle) onto tissue sections. A MALDI-SpiralTOF instrument was equipped with a 349-nm Nd:YLF laser for MALDI and the laser repetition rate was 250 Hz for IMS. Mass spectra were acquired for IMS in 2.0 × 2.0-mm regions and divided into 0.04-mm squares per pixel. The mass range of m/z 500–1000 was measured over a period of 4.5 h. Raw data from the JMS-S3000 were converted to the imzML format and analysed using Biomap 3.8.0.4 software (http://www.maldi-msi.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=14&Itemid=32 , Dornach, Switzerland).
4
Bioactive Lipid Standards Characterization
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LC/MS-grade water, acetonitrile, methanol, and 2-propanol were purchased from Kanto Chemical Co, Inc (Tokyo, Japan). LC/MS-grade ammonium acetate was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). LC/MS-grade acetic acid was purchased from Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Co (Osaka, Japan). Standards were obtained from Nacalai Tesque, Inc (Kyoto, Japan), Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Co, and Merck. Stable isotope-labeled standards were obtained from Cayman Chemical Co (Ann Arbor, MI), Cambridge Isotope Laboratories, Inc (Tewksbury, MA), Steraloids Inc (Newport, RI), Avanti Polar Lipids Inc (Alabaster, AL), and Merck. Compound names and abbreviations of the 144 bioactive lipid standards used in this study are listed in supplemental Table S1 .
5
Synthesis and Characterization of Cationic Surfactants
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Benzyldodecyldimethylammonium chloride dihydrate (C12-BAC) was purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co. Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). Benzyldimethyltetradecylammonium chloride (C14-BAC) and benzylcetyldimethylammonium chloride (C16-BAC) were purchased from FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation (Osaka, Japan). Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS)-grade acetonitrile and methanol were purchased from Kanto Chemical Co., Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). All other chemicals used were of reagent grade.
6
Quantification of AFP and E2 in Mouse and Bovine Sera
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Mouse AFP in the P0 mouse serum and bovine AFP levels in FBS used in this study were measured in duplicate using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits (R&D Systems, for mouse; Cloud-Clone, for cow) according to the manufacturer's instructions. For E2 measurement in FBS, ethyl acetate was added to FBS or standard E2 (Kanto Chemical) solution dissolved in methanol (Kanto Chemical), and then mixed and centrifuged at 16,000 g for 3 min at 4°C. This step was repeated three times. These supernatants containing E2 were combined and dried under a nitrogen stream. The solid was reconstituted in ethanol (Kanto Chemical) and subjected to liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (Nexera UHPLC; API 4000, AB SCIEX).
7
Pyrene Metabolism Profiling Protocol
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Pyrene, PYOH, 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphoslfate (PAPS), sulfatase (from limpet Type V; 34 U/mg), β-glucuronidase (from bovine liver, Type B-1; 1,240 U/mg), β-glucosidase (from almond; 3.4 U/mg), and bovine serum albumin were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St.
Louis, MO). Methanol, acetonitrile, acetic acid, and ammonium acetate were purchased from Kanto Chemical Co., Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). Pyrene-1-sulfate (PYOS) was obtained from TOPU Bio (Toyama, Japan). Uridine-diphosphate-glucuronic acid (UDP-GA) was purchased from Wako (Osaka, Japan). All chemicals used for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry (MS) were of HPLC or MS grade, respectively, and were obtained from Kanto Chemical Co. Inc.
Louis, MO). Methanol, acetonitrile, acetic acid, and ammonium acetate were purchased from Kanto Chemical Co., Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). Pyrene-1-sulfate (PYOS) was obtained from TOPU Bio (Toyama, Japan). Uridine-diphosphate-glucuronic acid (UDP-GA) was purchased from Wako (Osaka, Japan). All chemicals used for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry (MS) were of HPLC or MS grade, respectively, and were obtained from Kanto Chemical Co. Inc.
8
HPLC Analysis of Commercially Available Amino Acids
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L, L-APM, L, D-APM, D, L-APM, and D, D-APM were kindly provided by Ajinomoto Co., Inc. (Tokyo, Japan) and used as standards for HPLC analysis. Eleven samples of commercially available L, L-APM (samples 1–11) were obtained from domestic and foreign manufacturers. Acetonitrile and methanol were of HPLC grade and purchased from Kanto Chemical Co., Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). Sodium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate were of analytical grade and purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. The water used was ultrapure, purified to 18 MΩ·cm using a Milli-Q Gradient A10 (Merck Millipore Corporation, Billerica, MA, USA). All chemicals and samples were weighed using a XS205DU microbalance (Mettler-Toledo International Inc., Columbus, OH, USA).
9
Quantification of Plasmalogens Using LC/MS
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LC/MS grade solvents, including chloroform, methanol, water, and isopropanol, were obtained from Kanto Chemical Co., Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). The mobile phase additive ammonium acetate and the antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) were of analytical grade and obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The two plasmalogen internal standards, PlsCho-p16:0/17:0 and PlsEtn-p16:0/17:0, were previously prepared by chemical synthesis in our laboratory [17 (link)]. Other chemicals were of analytical grade and obtained from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. (Osaka, Japan) unless otherwise specified.
10
Synthesis of Luminescent Chitosan-based Materials
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Chemical reagents, namely, methanol, zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 2-methylimidazole, chitosan, and acetic acid were purchased from Kanto Chemical Co., Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). REE nitrate salts such as La(NO3)3·6H2O, Eu(NO3)3·6H2O, and Yb(NO3)3·3H2O were purchased from Kishida Chemical Co., Inc. (Osaka, Japan). The La(III), Eu(III), or Yb(III) ion stock solution was prepared and suitably diluted with ultrapure water. All used reagents used were of analytical grade. During the whole working process, water (>18.2 MΩ) treated by the ultrapure water system (RFU 424TA, Advantech Aquarius, Suite A Dublin, CA, USA) was employed. pH value was measured with the pH meter (HORIBA F-72, Tokyo, Japan).
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