4 nitrophenyl palmitate

The 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchromium-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), fluorescein disodium (FL), 2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane dihydrochloride) (AAPH), ACE from rabbit lung, hippuryl-histidyl-leucine (HHL), captopril, α-amylase type VI-B from porcine pancreas, 4-nitrophenyl α-D-glucopyranoside, acarbose, α-glucosidase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, DPP-IV inhibitor detection kit MAK203, sitagliptin, porcine pancreatic lipase type II, sodium deoxycholate, orlistat, 4-nitrophenyl palmitate, RPMI-1640 medium, fetal bovine serum (FBS), L-glutamine solution, sodium pyruvate, non-essential amino acids (NEAA), gentamicin, 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,3-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), 2′-7′dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFA-DA), β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), MAK094E carbonyl compound kit, and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Iron II sulfate heptahydrate (Fe₂SO₄.7H₂O), 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) were purchased from Merck Millipore Corp (Darmstadt, Germany). All other reagents were of analytical grade.

4-Nitrophenyl palmitate (99%) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (São Paulo, Brazil). Isopropanol (98%) was obtained from Synth (São Paulo, Brazil). Agar and Malt extract were obtained from Kasvi (São Paulo, Brazil).

The slug gut metagenome DNA was provided by Dr Natalie Ferry, University of Salford, Manchester, United Kingdom. The substrates—4-nitrophenyl acetate, 4-nitrophenyl butyrate, 4-nitrophenyl octanoate, 4-nitrophenyl decanoate, and 4-nitrophenyl palmitate, β-D-glucose pentaacetate, pectin, chlorogenic acid, benzyl cinnamate, and 4-methylumbelliferyl acetate—were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Gillingham, United Kingdom). Xylan (birchwood, partially acetylated) was purchased from Megazyme (Wicklow, Ireland). Other chemicals were of molecular grade and purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Gillingham, United Kingdom). Primers for PCR were synthesised and sequenced by Eurofins (Konstanz, Germany). BL21 and TOP10 competent cells were purchased from ThermoFisher Scientific (Leicester, United Kingdom).