Flex operating software

DLS analysis was performed using a Nanotrac (Anaspec) instrument and Microtrac FLEX Operating software with a laser wavelength of 780 nm and a scattering angle of 90° at 25 °C. The observed size and standard deviation of nanoparticles were calculated by taking an average of 5 measurements.

The identification of the production of the ZnO phytonanoparticles was first evaluated by the color change of the aqueous solution of M. oleífera by Abdelmoteleb et al. [7 (link)].
For the characterization of ZnO phytonanoparticles, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and infrared transmission spectroscopy with Fourier transform (FT-IR) were first carried out. This was verified by performing a spectral scan of the colloidal solution in a range of 300–700 nm in a UV-Vis spectrophotometer (Beckman Coulter, USA), calibrated with a ZnSO₄ solution (0.34 m) [7 (link)]. Likewise, the presence of the bands corresponding to the zinc metallic bonds in the phytonanoparticles was identified with an infrared spectroscope (NICOLET, Wisconsin, USA).
The size of the phytonanoparticles and the zeta potential were analyzed in solution using a nanotrac wave instrument (Microtrac, Montgomeryville PA, USA) according to Mendez-Trujillo et al. [8 (link)]. Measurements were made using the dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique in a range of 0.1–1000 μm at 25°C, with a laser wavelength of 780 nm and a scattering angle of 90 Åã. Data obtained from DLS was analyzed using Microtrac FLEX operating software [9 (link)–11 (link)].

Particle size was determined by particle size analyzer (Zetatrac, Microtrac). Dispersion of sample was prepared in suitable solvent (water and 0.1 N NaCl) and the relevant information such as density, viscosity, and dielectric constant was added for the solvent in software (Microtrac FLEX Operating Software). About 3.0 mL sample dispersion was added in sample holder. Sample holder made of optical probes which are paired with their opposite electrodes in an insulating sample cell. An electric field is applied between the optical probes and their corresponding electrodes. Particle in motion analyzed under the influence of electric field. Particle size distribution was determined from the velocity distribution of particles suspended in a dispersing medium, using the principles of dynamic light scattering [11 ]. The above procedure was performed in triplicate.